January 15, 2015 1 Identifying dominant measurements errors in fully automated water networks PWN...

April 11, 2023

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Identifying dominant measurements errors in

fully automated water networksPWN Waterleidingbedrijf Noord-HollandWater technology

Lucyna Magda

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Content

• Problem definition• Errors in mass balances• Flowmeter In-Situ calibration and its constraints• Vendors who sell this kind of equipment• PWN-state of the art• List of companies who use this kind of

equipment• Recommendations- advice on application.

April 11, 2023 MSc: Water Resources Management , Lucyna Magda

Scope of the presentation

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Water balance

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∑(OUT-IN)-dS/dt=0

PWN-Validatie ruwwaterstrom 2002

• Up to 70% of water balances are doubtful

• All balances show systematic error-bias

• The errors are in the reach 3000 m3/day

• Possible causes:• Leakage• Additional inflow• Flowmeters

malfunctioning• RESULT OF THE ANALY

SIS

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• April 11, 2023 MSc: Water Resources Management , Lucyna Magda

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Problem definition

Malfunctioning field devices, including flowmeters cause process disturbances and errors in mass

balances

When such devices monitor themselves, faults can be detected and reported at an early stage,

greatly reducing their impact on the process.


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Problem definition


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Problem definition

“On

site

flow

cal

ibra

tion

is p

ainf

ul b

ut n

eces

sary

”


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Errors in mass balances

Faults are frequently not the result of an instrument defect but application-related malfunctioning:

• device selection and sizing, • unsuitable installation,• application problems.


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Type of the errors

1. Systematic Errors2. Accidental and Random Errors

Vendors: gross errors = systematic if proper installed.


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Errors from the flowmeters

Gross error

• e - the manufactory error, • b - a systematic error • x - systematic component of the random error


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Flowmeters types-choice dilemma


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Flowmeters best application


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Flowmeters surrounding errors


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Electromagnetic Flowmeter

(1) U = K × B × v × D

K instrument constant B magnetic field strength v mean flow velocity D electrode spacing

The volumetric flow rate qv can be calculated according to

(2) qv = v × D² × π/4

It follows from equation (1) that

(3) v = U / K×B×D

Therefore:

(4) qv = (U / K×B) × D × π/4


Flowmeter: Primary and Secondary

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Secondary

Primary

Examples of Primary and Secondary

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Wet Calibration

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1.

2.

3.

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Dry Calibration- Flowmeter Secundary


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Verification techniques- Flowmeter Primary


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Verification techniques- Flowmeter Secundary


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Flowmeter calibration-a typical calibration curve


NameNumber of flowmeters

at PWNExpanded diagnostic

Verification techniques

161 CallMaster MagMaster

Emflux 2 - COMBINED EMFLUX

74 - Field Check

Heinrichs 2 - UMF

16 Optiflux MAGCHECK

Tokimec 8 - TOKYO KEIKI

- - SIMENS VERIFICATOR

Juergen - - COMBINED EMFLUX

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Vendors


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PWN-state of the art


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Recommendations

• How to choose which flowmeters should be replaced:

• Water Balances that do not pass validationand the following set in the importance order:• Plenty control strategic points• Plenty Performance• Plenty Cardio• PT-Monthly Reports• Setpoint related flowmeters


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PWN- Schematic representation of WRK


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Plenty control biggest importance

Bed water mass balances

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Recommendations

• Electromagnetic flowmeters at Bergen should be replaced with the footprinted flowmeter

• Electromagnetic flowmeter at Secundairs 9-10 should be replaced with the ultrasonic 3-beams flowmeter

• I recommend periodic pipe inspecions near the extraction point

• I recommend structural changes where it is possible to increas the flushing of the sediments


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Similar projects in The Netherlands

• Grolsh brewery in Enschede- Optiflux 4000 and mass flowmeters

• Detroit water and Sewage Department- Mag master and Call Master

• Both cases have been published with positive reviews


April 11, 2023

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QUESTIONS?

5 min

April 11, 2023

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Thank you for you attention.

Special thanks to:Ignaz Worm, Eric de Vos, Henk van Duist, Harry Rolf, and everyone else from the Water Technology team

January 15, 2015 1 Identifying dominant measurements errors in fully automated water networks PWN...

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