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है”ह”ह

IS 5690 (1982): Guide for laying combination lining forexisting unlined canals [WRD 13: Canals and Cross DrainageWorks]

IS ; 5690 - 1981

Indian StandardGUIDE FOR LAYING· CO~BINATION

LINING FOR EXISTING UNLINED CANALS

(First Revision)

UDC 626'823'91 (026)

<C CJ»right 1982

INDIAN STANDARDS INSTITUTIONMANAK. BHAVAN, 9 BAHADUR SHAH ZAFAR MARG

NEW DEWl 110002

Gr2 November 1982

IS : 5690 - 1982

Indian StandardGUIDE FOR LAYING COMBINATION

LINING FOR EXISTING UNLINED CANALS

(First Revision)

Canals and Canal Linings Sectional Committee, BDC 57

ChaIrmanSHRI S. B. KHARE

RepresenllngChukha Hyde! Project, Bhutan (Under Mmutry

01 Energy, Govt 01 India)

Publir Workq Department, Government of Kama­taka, Bangalore

Irrigation Works, Government of Punjab, Chandt­garh

DIRECTOR CENTRAL DEqlGN ( Alternate )CIIIEF ENGINEER Irrigation & Power Department, Govt of Andhra

Pradesh, Hyderabad

ADDITIONAL DIRECTOR Irrrganon Research Insutute, KhaugaulSHRI N. C. BHATNAGAR Cenu al Ground W<l!t"1 Board, ChandrgarhSHRI CmCKARMANE Union Cal hide India Ltd, Bomba)

Smu S. K. KARAMCIfANDANt ( Alternate )CIIIEr ENGINEER ( IRRIGATION) Pubhr Works Department, Government of Tamil

Nadu, MadrasSR Dv CIfIEF ENOINFER ( IRRIGATION)

( AIImlaU )CHIEF ENGINEER IRRIGATION

(SOUTH)CHlEF ENGINEER ( Altemate )

CHIEF ENGINEER ( CANAL)

DR J. PURUSHOTHAM ( Alternate)SIfRI O. P. DAlTA Beas Dam Project, Talwar.i

SHRI S L NIROLA ( A/Innate)DIRECTOR Irrigauon Department, RajasthanDIRECTOR ( B & CD-I) Central Water Comrmssion, New Delhi

DEPUTY DIRECTOR ( B & CD-I) ( Alternate)DIRECTOR ( B & CD-II) Central Water Commission, New Delhi

DEPUTY DIRECTOR ( B & CD·II ) ( Altemat« )SIfRI T. A. E. D'sA Concrete Associanon of India, Bombay

SHRIN. C. DUGGAL ( Alternate)DR R. J GARDE Urnversuy 01 Rnorkee, Roorkee

DR A S. CHAWLA ( Alternate)

(Continued on pag' 2 )

© CoPyright 1982INDIAN STANDARDS INSTITUTION

This publication is protected under the Ind1lln CopYTIght Act (XIV of 1957) andreproduction m whole or in part by any means except with written permisnon of the

publisher shall be deemed to be an mfrmgement of copyright under the said Act.

IS 15690 - 1982

( COTlli_dfrom pag, I )

&prlSllllingResearch Institute, Roorkee

ITTlgalwn l)epartmmt, Government of Mabarallhtra,Aurangabad

Direr tor General, ]51 ( Ex-offi,l(} M,mb,,)

Central Board of Irrigation & Power, Now DelhiFibreglass Pilkington, Bombay

SHRI G. RA.....N,Director ( Uiv Engg )

MtmbnsSHRIJ. M. GARa Irrigation

SHRJJAOJ>UH MOHAN ( A!ter1lil1, )SHRI H. K. KH08I.A Irrigation and Power Department, Govt of Haryana,

ChandigarhSUPERINTENDING ENGINEER ( AI/ernQII )

SHRI K. M. MAHElHWARI Planning Commission, New DelhiSHill N. K. DrKlHIT ( Alternate )

SHRI GAURI KANTA MISHIl... Irrigation Department, UP, LucknowSRll.l R. K. AGG....RW ....1.. ( AlW'lUlla )

SHaI P. C. SAXENA Central Water & Power Research Station, PuneSHaI V. P. BU"'TT ( Altemat )

SSORB.TARYSHill A. SHARIP

SHill G. K. TAKJAR ( Altetnate )SURI S. L. VARIJnXAR

Serretar»

SURI V. KALV...NASIINDARAMAssistant Director ( Civ Engg ), lSI

2

AMENDMENT NO.1 AUGUST 2005TO

IS 5690: 1982 GUIDE FOR LAYINGCOMBINATION LINING FOR EXISTING UNLINED

CANALS

( rust Revision)

( Page 5, clause 2) - Insert the following new clause

2 REFERENCES

2.1 The followmg standards contain provisions, which through reference 10

tlus text, constitute provisions of tlus standard At the time of pubhcauon, theedinons indicated were valid All standards are subject to revision, and partiesto agreements based on this standard are encouraged to mvesugate thepossibility of applying the most recent edmons of the standards indicatedbelow

IS NoIS 269 1989

IS 455 1989

IS 456 2000

IS 1489 (Part 1)1991

IS 1489 (part 2)1991

IS 1344 1981

IS 1542 1992

IS 2116 1980

IS 2508 1984

TitleSpecification for 33 grade ordinary Portland cement(/ourlh revtstom

Specification for Portland slag cement (fourth reVISIOn)

Plain and remforced concrete - Code of practice (fourthrevisiom

Specrfrcatron for Portland pozzolana cement Part 1Flyash based (third revtstony

Specifrcauon for Portland pozzolana cement Part 2Calcined claybased (third reviSIOn)

Specificationfor calcined clayP07.Z0lana (second revrslOn)

Specification for sand for plaster (second revision)

Specificauon for sand for masonry mortars (first reVISIOn)

Specification for low density polyethylene films (secondrevISIon)

1

Amend No.1 to IS 5690 : 1982

fSNo. Title

IS 3367 . 1993 Specification for burnt clay tiles for use in lining irrigationand drainage works (second revision)

IS 3812 (Part I) : Specification for pulverized fuel ash for use as pozzolana in2003 in cement, cement mortar and concrete

IS 3872 : 2002 Limng of canals with bumt clay tiles - Code of practice (firstrevisions

IS 3873: 1973

IS 7193: 1994

IS 8112: 1989

IS 9097 . 1979

Laying cement concrete/stone slab lining on canals - Codeofpractice (second revision)

Specification for glass fibre base bitumen felts (first revision)

Specification for 43 grade ordinary Portland cement

Guide for laying lining of canals with hot bitumen orbituminous felts 0

IS 9698 : 1995 Code of practice for lining of canals with polyethylene film(first revisiom

IS 10646 : 1991 Canal linings - Cement concrete tiles - Specification (firstreVISIOn)

IS 12269 : 1987 Specification for 53 grade ordinary Portland cement

2.2 Whenever cross reference to the above standards appear in the text of thestandard the above clause shall apply.

( Page 6, clause 3.1 ) - Substitute'3.2 to 3.9' for '3.2 to 3.7'.

( Page 6, clause 3.2 ) - Substitute the following for the existing clause:

03.2 Cement - Portland cement shall conform to IS 269 or IS 8112 or 12269or IS 455 or IS 1489 (part I) or IS 1489 (Part 2) as specified by the engineer­in-charge.

2

Amend No.1 to IS 5690: 1982

3.3 Pozzolana - Flyash shall conform to IS 3812 (Part I) and calcinedclay pozzolana shall conform to IS 1344 '

( Page 6, ex/sling clause 3.3 ) - Renumber the clause as 3.4

( Page 6, exisung clause 3.4 ) - Renumber the clause as 3.5

( Page 6, clause 3.5 ) - Renumber the clause as 3.6

( Page 6, clause 3.6 ) - Renumber the clause as 3.7

( Page 6, clause 3.7) - Renwnber the clause as 3.8 and add the followingnew clause

•3.9 Water - Water used for moong concrete mortar and cunng shall conform tothe requirements specified 10 IS 456

[Page 7, clause 4.2. 1(c) ] - Substitute IS 10646' for 'IS 1860 - 1966t'

(Page 7, clause 4.2.2)- Substitute 'IS 10646' for 'IS 5331-1969'

(Page 7, clause 5.3, line 2 ) - Substitute 'see 3.8' for 'see J.7'

Genera! Delete Notations and relevant footnotes pertaimng to Indian Standardsand their title and year of publication, wherever occumng III the standard

(WRD 13)

Rcprography Umt, BIS, New Delhi, India

3

IS r 5690 - 1982

Indian StandardGUIDE FOR LAYING COMBINATION

LINING FOR EXISTING UNLINED CANALS

(First Revision)

o. Fa RE WORD

0.1 This Indian Standard was adopted by the Indian Standards Institutionon 29 January 1982, after the draft finalized by the Canals and CanalLinings Sectional Committee had been approved by the Civil EngineeringDivision Counci I.

0.2 Lining of canals is an important feature of irrigation projects, as itminimizes the loss of water due to seepage. The water thus saved can beusefully employed for the extension and improvement of irrigation facilities.Moreover, the reduced seepage leads to fall in the rate of rise of the subsoilwater table and thus reduces the possibility of damage to the adjoiningareas by water-logging.

0.3 During the last few decades, a large number of channels have beenconstructed in the country. In order to make optimum utilization of thelimited water resources of the country, the problem of reducing seepagelosses from the existing unlined canals has become vital and has beenengaging the attention of irrigation engineers. In case the entire sectionof the canal is to be lined with the conventional type of lining, namely,'lingle tile, double tile or concrete lining, the canal section is required tobe reduced for maintaining the existing supply level by shifting the banks,which is not possible without interrupting the irrigat ion supplies. Theother method of construction of a parallel channel, utilizing one of theexisting banks, makes the channe-l zig zag due to bends and curves at thebridges and other masonry structures. The energy gained due to the betterrugosity coefficient of lining is lost in flow through bends and curves. A.,the water surface slope is fixed, this results in fall of the supply level, whichis not desirable. Depending upon the discharge, velocity and full supplydepth in the canal, seepage losses can be reduced by lining the canal usingcombination type of lining comprising polyethylene film or bituminousfelt in the bed protected by earth cover and rigid lining on sides with orwithout polyethylene film or bitumen felt underneath.

0•• The operation of lining an existing unlined canal system should beplanned carefully, so that least disturbance is caused to the supply of irri­gation water to command areas. Accordingly, the demand of each channel,

3

II 15690- 1982

that is, distributary, minor, etc; should be assessed and the duration ofclosure which will not adversely affect the crops may be determined. Thelining of the particular channel should be done during such admissibleclosure period.

0.5 This standard is intended to serve as a guide to the engineers in liningthe existing unlined canals with combination type of lining.

0.5.1 Combination type of lining is suitable for reaches which are inregime, that is, the channel does not silt or scour and where no under­drainage of the lining is required.

0.6 The bed width and side slope have to be worked out, so that thereis no change in the full supply level ofthe canal after laying the combinationtype of lining.

0.7 This standard was first issued in 1969. Since then considerable workhas been done and the technique of laying combination type of lininghas been further improved. The standard has been revised taking intoaccount the latest experience gained and the information available. Thisstandard incorporates Amendment No. I issued to the earlier versionof this standard. The salient changes made in this revision are listed below:

a) Scope has been extended so that combination lining can also beadopted for reaches not in regime but not subjected to scouringby taking suitable steps;

b) The provisions regarding the information to be procured for theentire length of an irrigation canal in which combination liningis proposed to be laid have been modified; and

c) The provivions regarding flexible lining for the bed have beenmodified, in accordance with IS : 9097-1979* and IS : 9698-1980t.

0.8 For the purpose of deciding whether a particular requirement of thisstandard is complied with, the final value, observed or calculated, express­ing the result of a test or analysis shall be rounded off in accordance withIS: 2-1960t. The number of significant places retained in the rounded offvalue should be the same as that of the specified value in this standard.

·Guide for laying lining of canals with hot bitumen or bituminous felts.tCode of practice for lining of canals with low density polyethylene film.~Rules for roundmg off numerical values i reuised ],

4

IS 15690-1982

1. SCOPE

1.1 This standard lays down guidelines for lining of exist ing unlined canalswith combination lining which consists of lining the sides of a canal withrigid lining with or without polytheylene film or bitumen fclt underneathand the bed with a suitably protected flexible type of lining.

1.2 Combination lining is suitable for those reaches which are in regimeor which have acquired working stability. Combination lining may alsobe adopted for reaches not in regime but not subjected to scouring bytaking suitable steps, such as changing the side slope, providing falls, etc.

2. NECESSARY INFORMATION

2.1 The following information shall be collected for the ent ire length ofthe irrigation canal in which combination lining is proposed to be laid:

a) Existing Cross-secuons - The existing cross-section should be knownat regular intervals of 100 m or wherever there is a change incross-section.

b) Longitudinal Section - This should contain general ground level,bed level of canal, full supply level of canal and position ofunderground water table. The information shall be needed toensure the safety of non-rigid lining at the bed and also forphasing the programme of lining.

c) Nature of the Subgrade - This information shall be helpful in layingrigid lining at the sides and non-rigid lining at the bed. The datarequired are given below:

I) If kankar or other sharp material is present in the subgrade, asuitable cushion of sand shall be provided before laying non­rigid lining at the bed.

2) In reaches where subgrade is gyp!>eou!> in nature or consistsof expansive clay, suitable measures shall have to be takenbefore laying rigid lining at the sides,

3) The subgrade soil shall be tested for salt content before takingup the lining. The information will be helpful for providinganti-salt treatment in accordance with the relevant IndianStandard for the safety of the rigid lining at the sides,

d) Reaches Having Depressions - In the reaches where water remains atthe canal bed due to depressions even during closure, water is to bepumped out or drained off before constructing the lining in suchleaches.

5

IS I 5690 - 1982

3. MATERIALS

3.1 The material used for combination type of lining shall be as givenin 3.2 to 3.7.

3.2 Cement - Portland cement shall conform to IS : 269-1976*, IS : 455­1976t or IS : 1489-1976t.

3.3 Saad-Sand shall conform to IS : 2116-1980§ and IS: 1542-197711.

3.4 Tiles - Tiles shall conform to IS : 3367-1975~f.

3.5 Polyethyleae FUm -- Film shall conform to IS : 2508-1977**.

3.6 Bitumea Felt - Bitumen felts shall conform to type 2, Grade II ofIS : 7193-1974tt.

3.7 Earth Cover·- The cover material shall be such that it is not likelyto damage the film lining at the bed and it would not be easily eroded bywater. From economic considerations, the most suitable cover will consistof material of canal excavation placed uncompacted over the lining. Thethickness of protective cover for the non-rigid lining at the bed shallbe 30 ern (Min).

4. COMBINATION LINING

4.1 Combination lining consists of lining the sides with a suitable typeof rigid lining and the bed with a suitably protected flexible type of lining.

4.2 Liaing at the Sides

4.2.1 The rigid lining at the sides may be one of the following:

,1) Cement concrete laid in situ - The thickness of this lining dependsupon the capacity of the channel to be lined. The lining should bedone a-, prescribed in IS : 3873-1978tt.

*SpecificatlOl1 for ordmary and low heat Portland cement ( Ihlrd r6VlnOIt ).fSpecification for Portland slag cement ( third revlSwn ).:Specification for Portland-pozzolana cement ( IlCond reVISIO" ).'~pecificatioll for sand for masonry mortars (first reoision ).IISpl"cificatlOlI for sand for plaster (first retnsum ).~Speclficallon for burnt clay tilt's ror use in linmg irrtganon and drainage works (first

reviswn )."Specification for low density polyethylene films (fi,sl revlSlOrl).ttSpecification for glass fibre base coal tar pitch and bitumen felts.ttCode of practice lor laylllg In suu cement concrete lining on canals (first revisivn).

6

IS : 5690 - 1982

b) Burnt clay tile lining- The tile lining may be single tile or doubletile lining. The lining should be done as per IS : 3872-1966*.

c) Precast cement concrete slabs - The slabs should be made asspecified in IS : 3860-1966t.

d) Precast tile blocks - Precast tile blocks are manufactured, curedand kept ready for use. These are laid with 1'25 cm thick plasteron one side.

4.2.2 Selection of the suitable type of lining for the sides of the canalwill depend upon the site conditions as given in IS : 5331-1969+.

4.3 Uniag ot the Bed - The bed may be lined with any of the followingtypes of linings:

a) Low density polyethylene film lining as per IS : 9698.J980§.

b) Bitumen or bitumen felt lining as per IS : 9097-1979 11,

5. PREPARATION OF THE SUBGRADE

5.1 Where the canal section is abnormally wide due to certain local factors,it should be brought to the average section keeping in view the sectionupstream as well as downstream of these reaches, by resorting to fillingand compaction.

5.2 For Sides - The sides of the canal shall be brought to the requiredslope depending upon the type of soil and capacity of the canal inaccordance with IS : 3872-1966*. For ensuring stability of the rigid lining,the side slopes shall be suitably flattened and the lining shall be rested ona toe wall at the junction of bed and side slope.

5.3 For Bed - After excavation up to the desired depth, depending uponthe thickness or the protective cover (see 3.7), the subgrade shall be dressedtrue to level so as to form a more or less firm and even bed for laying innon-rigid lining. If kankar or other sharp angular materials or voids arepresent over the subgrade, a cushion of sand of suitable thickness toadequately cover such irregularities which may be damaging to thepolyethylene film shall be provided over the subgrade before laying the film.

'"Code of practice for Iming of canals with burnt clay tiles.tSpecification for precast cement concrete slabs for canal hnmgs,tGuide for selection of type of lining for canals.§Code of practice for lining of canals with low density polyethylene film."Guide for layinfJ lining of canals with hot bitumen or bituminous felts,

7

IS : 5690 - 1982

5•• And-salt Treatmeat - For reaches having salt content over 1·00percent or sodium sulphate over 0·36 percent, the anti-salt treatment isgiven at the sides before laying rigid lining as per IS : 3872-1966*.

6. PHASING OF LINING

6.1 LiDiIlg of the Side. - Rigid lining is laid on the side slope with itsextension at the bed resting on the toe wall according to the relevant IndianStandard, depending upon the type of lining specification to be laid. Incase of plastered precast tile blocks, the plastered side should be kepttowards the subgrade. The joints between the tile blocks or the concreteslabs, as the case may be, should be carefully filled with mortar so as tokeep the lining water-proof.

6.2 LiDiIlg of the Bed - For details, reference may be made to IS : 9698­1980t and IS : 9097-l974t.

7. PRECAUTIONS

7.1 Suitable precautions shall be taken to ensure that the film docs notget damaged during handling, laying and covering operations.

'"Code of practice for hnmg of canals with burnt clay ules.t Oode of practice for hning of canals with low density polyethylene film~Gulde for laymg hnmg of canals with hot bitumen or buurmnous felts.

8

INTERNATIONAL SYSTEM OF UNITS (SI UNITS)

Ia.e Units

Quantity Unit SymbolLength metre mMass kilogram IqTime secand •Electric current ampere AThermodynam1c kel1lln K

temperatureLuminous Intensity candela cdAmount of substance mole mol

Supplementary Unit.

Quantity Unit SymbolPlane angle radian radSolid angle steradian sr

Derived Units

Quantity Unit Symbol DefinitionForce newton N II'J ... I kg.m/s2

Energy joule J I J ... IN.mPower watt W IW = I J/sFlux weber Wb I Wb .,. I V.sFlux density tesla T IT ... I Wb/m2

Frequency hertz Hz I Hz ... I cIs (S_I)Electric conductance siemens S IS ... I A/VElectromotIve force volt V IV ::oIWj.APressure, stress pascal PO' I Pa ... IN m2

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