Introduction Western Civilization- 9th grade
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Transcript of Introduction Western Civilization- 9th grade
The History of Western The History of Western Civilization Civilization
An IntroductionAn Introduction
Key QuestionsKey Questions
What is history?What is history? When did history begin?When did history begin? What tools do historians use to study the past? What tools do historians use to study the past? What can we learn from the study of history?What can we learn from the study of history? How is the sovereignty and plan of God seen How is the sovereignty and plan of God seen
throughout history?throughout history?
Tools historians use to explore historyTools historians use to explore history
AnthropologyAnthropology- the study of culture/people- the study of culture/people ArcheologyArcheology- the study of artifacts- physical - the study of artifacts- physical
objects objects Geography studies- Geography studies- the study of place and its the study of place and its
impact on history and culture impact on history and culture Primary source Primary source literature, documents, art, etc. literature, documents, art, etc. Scientific toolsScientific tools
– Example- DNA analysis, computer tools, etc. Example- DNA analysis, computer tools, etc.
Two Major Views of HistoryTwo Major Views of History
Linear view Linear view – history has a beginning and endhistory has a beginning and end
– history has purpose and ultimate meaning history has purpose and ultimate meaning
– human beings have an important role to play human beings have an important role to play in historyin history
– associated with western (Judeo-Christian) associated with western (Judeo-Christian) civilization and culture civilization and culture
Linear ViewLinear View
Cyclical View Cyclical View
history is the repetition of eventshistory is the repetition of eventshuman action has little if any real human action has little if any real
meaning or purposemeaning or purposeassociated more with eastern cultures associated more with eastern cultures
(Asia) (Asia) - Hinduism and Buddhism - Hinduism and Buddhism
Cyclical ViewCyclical View
Historical DivisionsHistorical Divisionsused in Western Culture used in Western Culture
Two Major Divisions Two Major Divisions
BCBC- before the time of Jesus Christ- before the time of Jesus Christ– BCE- Before the Common Era -BCE- Before the Common Era -
secular term secular term AD- Anno Domini AD- Anno Domini – Latin for “the – Latin for “the
year of our Lord” - after the life of year of our Lord” - after the life of Christ Christ – CE- Common Era – secular term CE- Common Era – secular term
PrehistoryPrehistoryBefore Before written recordwritten record
? to @5000 BC? to @5000 BC
Prehistoric World Prehistoric World
Dinosaur Track Dinosaur Track
Woolly Mammoth found in Woolly Mammoth found in Siberia Siberia
Pre-historic cave paintings- Pre-historic cave paintings- France France
Ancient HistoryAncient History @5000 BC-@500 AD@5000 BC-@500 AD Rise of civilizations in the Near East Rise of civilizations in the Near East
(Mesopotamia)- Fertile Crescent(Mesopotamia)- Fertile Crescent Ancient EgyptAncient Egypt Ancient Hebrews (Jews) Ancient Hebrews (Jews) Ancient GreeceAncient Greece Ancient RomeAncient Rome
Middle Ages (Medieval Period)Middle Ages (Medieval Period)
@500 AD – @1400 AD@500 AD – @1400 AD Dominated by a Christian worldviewDominated by a Christian worldview Extremely powerful Roman Catholic Church Extremely powerful Roman Catholic Church
and papacy and papacy Feudalism: social and political orderFeudalism: social and political order Crusades: Crusades:
– campaign to recapture the Holy Landcampaign to recapture the Holy Land
Gothic art and architectureGothic art and architecture
Modern PeriodModern Period
@1400 – to present@1400 – to presentBegins with the Begins with the RenaissanceRenaissance
– Age of ExplorationAge of Exploration
– Protestant ReformationProtestant Reformation
– Rise of the modern nation-stateRise of the modern nation-state
– Rise of modern scienceRise of modern science
What is a civilization?What is a civilization?
8 8 Characteristics Characteristics of a Civilizationof a Civilization
Cities (Urbanization)Cities (Urbanization)
WrittenWritten language language
Complex ReligionComplex Religion
Social ClassesSocial Classes
Job SpecializationJob Specialization
Public WorksPublic Works
Roads Roads
Aqueducts to bring waterAqueducts to bring water
Art and ArchitectureArt and Architecture
Sumerian Ziggurat Sumerian Ziggurat
US troops climbing the Ziggurat of UR in Iraq US troops climbing the Ziggurat of UR in Iraq
Organized Government Organized Government
Law Codes Law Codes
Code of Hammurabi- oldest Code of Hammurabi- oldest written law code written law code
What role did geography play in the What role did geography play in the development of civilization?development of civilization?
access to water- rivers were key access to water- rivers were key – farmingfarming
– trade and commercetrade and commerce mild climate mild climate not too mountainousnot too mountainous rich land for farmingrich land for farming raw materials availableraw materials available
The Cradle of CivilizationThe Cradle of CivilizationMesopotamia- Mesopotamia- land between the riversland between the rivers
The Ancient Near EastThe Ancient Near East
Fertile Crescent Fertile Crescent
Middle East Today Middle East Today