Introduction to Political Science
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PSCI 1010 SEM. 2, 2014/2015 SECT.3 & 10 Muhamad Fuzi Omar HS 5.26 019-2527168 03/25/15 Sem.2, 2014/2015 1 INTRODUCTION TO POLITICAL SCIENCE
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Transcript of Introduction to Political Science
PSCI 1010SEM. 2, 2014/2015
SECT.3 & 10Muhamad Fuzi Omar
HS 5.26019-2527168
03/25/15Sem.2, 2014/20151
INTRODUCTION TO POLITICAL SCIENCE
COURSE ASSESMENTS
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Mid Term :25%Assignment :15% (group)Quizzes : 10%Presentation : 10% ( group)Final Exam. :40%
TOPIC 1: OBJECTIVESTo understand the reasons for studying politicsTo provide definitions of politicsTo elaborate the different manifestations of politics
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Why you should study politics?
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Knowledge and virtues:To identify virtues……..To know how social policy is made……Why a given election is won by a political party…..To know political system….To be a good citizen of a state
Experience/skills:Not to become a passive member.LeadershipResearch
Attitude:Toward the governmentToward the leaderToward certain issue
POLITICS
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POLITICS
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POLITICS
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POLITICS
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What is politics?
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A “loaded” term, “dirty” termModern usage: new meanings: It denotes current political
affairsPoliticians: do not signify a person who is interested in the
study of the nature of origin state but one who take interest in practical and current problems that face the country.
What is politics?
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Greek word: “Polis”: the highest goodRobert Dahl: “ any persistent pattern of human relationship
that involves, to a significant extent, power, rule or authority”. “offices” “roles”.
David Easton: “authoritative allocation of values to the whole society”- human interactions.
Easton’s Definition of Politics
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What is politics?
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Harold Lasweell: who gets what when and how. “Politics as struggle for power” “All activities whose main purpose is one or more of the following: to
reshape or influence governmental structure or processes; to influence or replace government office-holders; to influence the formation of public policies; to influence the implementation of public policies; to generate public awareness of, and response to governmental, processes, personnel and policies; to gain a place of influence or power within government. John Redekop
What is politics?
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Common qualities:
Conflict andcooperation
scarcity
Different valuesGroup rather than
individual
How people governthemselves?
How they achieve their goals effectively?
How they resolve the most important values in a society?
What is politics and what is non-politics?
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The art of government‘running the country’
What takes place within polityIn cabinet rooms, legislative chambers
Gov. departments
Involve politicians, civil servants, lobbyist
Most institutions and most social activities-Outside politics.
Business, schools, community group, families-nonpolitical
Ignore internationalinfluences
As party politics:negative and pejorative image
What is politics and what is non-politics?
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Politics as public affairs/ public life
Good life:only within political community:
an ethical activity
Where should be the line?State and civil society?Publicl and personal?
Good image:Interactions among equal citizens
Political participation
Negative image:Unwanted interference
In business, in sports, family life
What is politics and what is non-politics?
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Politics as Compromise and Consensus
As a means of resolving Conflict: compromise
Conciliation, negotiation
The art of possible:Political solution/ military solution
Alternative to bloodshed, brutality
People should be encouraged to respect politics as an activity, and engage in
the political life
What is politics and what is non-politics?
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As a struggle for power
Broadest and most radical:In all social activities: family/friends/
How to differentiate political activity from other behaviour ?
Production/distribution/use of resources:Use of power:Laswell
Scarcity: desires are infiniteEx. Feminism
Political relatioshipMarxism:class system
QUIZ 1___________ defines politics as ‘ the authoritative
allocation of values to the whole societies.’A. Max WeberB. MorgenthauC. David EastonD. Hegel
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Quiz 2The phenomenon of ‘anti-politics’ emerged because
A. politics bring peace to a countryB. politics create divisions among societyC. politics has no valuesD. politics is considered as self-serving two-faced and
unprincipled activity.
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Quiz 3Politics as compromises and consensus can be defined as
A. particular means of resolving conflict, by the use of compromise, conciliation and negotiation.
B. It is only in the political community that human being can live “good life”.
C. Politics is all the good policies introduced by a government.D. politics is the heart of all collective social activity, formal
and informal, public and private, in all human groups, institutions and societies.
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Quiz 4Power is the ability to influence others. However influence
can take place in many ways. Which one of the following is not the dimension?A. power as decision-makingB. power as agenda-settingC power as thought controlD. power as consensus
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Quiz 5John Redekop’s definition of politics involved several
activities. Which one of the following is not part of them?A. Reshape and influence governmental structures or purposesB. Influence or replace governmental office-holdersC. influence the formation of public policiesD. generate public awareness
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Quiz 6Which one of the followings is not a definition of politics?
A. Harold Laswell’s ‘ who gets what, when and how.’B. Lenin’s who does what to whom.C. Mao Tse Tung’s ‘bloodless warD.Chancellor Bismark of Prussia’s the doctrine of the possible,
the attainable.’
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Other approaches to define politicsJames John Guy, People, Politics and Government, defines
politics as follows:Politics as behaviourPolitics as culturePolitics as valuesPolitics as conflicting interestPolitics as nation-building
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Topic: Manifestation of Politics
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MANIFESTATION OF POLITICS
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Political activities: reflect the values, beliefs and attitudes of the people held in that state.
They are manifested through:Political BehaviourPolitical CulturePolitical ValuesConflicting InterestsLevels of Government
MANIFESTATION OF POLITICS
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Political Behaviour
Two dimensions:Psychological: thought, perception, judgment, attitudes, and beliefs.
Images, silent attitude.Social: strike, demonstration, election campaign…
MANIFESTATION OF POLITICS
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Political Culture: A pattern of individual beliefs and attitudes that relate to the political system and to political issues.
Components: political customs, political beliefs, political expectations, political symbols, political attitudes, political values and political traditions.
Types: participant, subject, parochial
WINXP, 07/27/2010
A political system that allows its citizens to actively participate in the political process
WINXP, 07/27/2010
people are allowed to participate in a restricted way.
WINXP, 07/27/2010
people have neither the opportunity nor interest in the political process.
Quiz 1Which one of the followings is not a reflections of
psychological basis of political behaviour?A. It is seen in the construct of personality, expectation and
motivation.B. leaders are found to demonstrate a higher rate of energy
output, alertness, originality, personal motivation, self-confidence and fluency of speech than do the followers.
C. During election campaign, advanced propaganda and entertainments techniques are used to gather crowds.
D. Images and issues are used to appeal to the widest number of voters.
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Quiz 2Which one of the followings is correct about the social basis
of political behaviour?A. It is found in actions such as voting, protesting,
campaigning, and lobbying.B. It is revealed as aggression, co-operation, compromise,
negotiation, posturing, and assertiveness.C. It is not related to the psychological basis of the behaviourD. It take place through the social institution like a family.
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Quiz 3Political customs can be defined as….
A. convictions about political reality that are based on one or more fundamental assumptions about human behaviour.
B. Assertions about what people believe ought to happen in the political world
C. entities that represent something else.D. conventional and accepted practices that may be recognized
as a functional part of the political system that may be reinforced through several means like legal action.
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Manifestation of politicsPolitical Values
Values:The value judgment of the people which are commonly shared
among them.It provide them with a way of judging whether they are
satisfied or not satisfied with the performance of the government:
Main components:PowerWealthHealthEducationEmployment justice
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Conflicting interest.
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WINXP, 07/27/2010
Representing the expressed interests of a particular group.
WINXP, 07/27/2010
Whose activities are not well organized
WINXP, 07/27/2010
Formal and strong organizatinal structure. They are attached to the institution of government.
WINXP, 07/27/2010
They are borned spontatenously.
Levels of government
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TRANSMISSION OF POLITICS
TOPIC
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WINXP, 07/27/2010
Politics is passed from one generation to another .A process where new adeas are generated from within the political system or imported from outside.
Definition
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AGENCIES
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TopicIslam and Politics
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Islam and politics
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Quiz 4Which one of the followings is not part of political culture?
BeliefsCustomsAttitudesTraditions
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Quiz 5Political culture can be classified into three general qualities.
Which one of the followings is not those qualities?A. There is widespread awareness of the rules and structures of
the political system.B. Politics and the political system are widely accepted. People
are usually comply with the laws and regulations the system produces.
C. The expectation of certain bahaviour within the political system
D. The existence of only one type of political culture.
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Quiz 6Which one of the following is not a type of political culture?
A. subjectB. participantC. attendanceD. parochial
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Quiz 7Political values can be defined as
A. the value judgment of the people which are commonly shared among them.
B. pattern of individual beliefs and attitudes that relate to the political system.
C. The responses of the people to the different issues of the society.
D. the process of learning about politics
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