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INTRODUCTION
CONTENT Details Page
BONDS Resin-ceramic 1
cBN in vitrified bond 1
Metal 2
Galvanic surface layer 2
Bakelite 3
Ceramic 3
Grinding agents Diamond and cBN 4
Grit sizes cBN 5
Diamant 6
Comparison micron grit sizes 7
Concentration C (V) 8
Surface quality Rz, Ra 9
Cutting speed m/sec r.p.m. 10
Wheels engraving Haefeli-ID 11
Apr 05
HAEFELI Diamantwerkzeugfabrik AG, CH-8046 ZürichRiedenhaldenstrasse 51 Tel: +41 (0)44 377 80 50 Fax: +41 (0)44 377 80 60 Email: [email protected] Internet: www.haefeli-info.ch
Entwicklung und Fabrikation von
cBN- und Diamantwerkzeugen
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BONDS
Resin-ceramic bond (Resin) cBN in vitrified bond (Vitrified)
Haefeli bond name: R100 - R999 Haefeli bond name: V5000 - V5999
Products ProductsType: 1A1, 1V1, 11V9, 12A2, profiles, 1A1W Type: 1A1W, 1A1, profiles
Diameter: ∅ 3.0 - 400 mm Diameter: ∅ 4.0 - 60 mmGranulation: D7 - D251 Granulation: D46 - D251
Concentration: C 30 - C 125 Concentration: C 100 - C 150
Application: Materials for diamond:Hard metal, cermets
Materials for cBN: Application: Materials for cBN:
Cooling: Oil, emulsion, dry Cooling: Only with cooling, such as oil, emulsion
Regeneration: HACO-FLEX manually Regeneration: -Dressing: Dressing: Rotating, metal-bonded conical wheels
Apr 05
HAEFELI Diamantwerkzeugfabrik AG, CH-8046 ZürichRiedenhaldenstrasse 51 Tel: +41 (0)44 377 80 50 Fax: +41 (0)44 377 80 60 Email: [email protected] Internet: www.haefeli-info.ch
Entwicklung und Fabrikation von
cBN- und Diamantwerkzeugen
In addition to the grit size and concentration, the bond decisively determines the performance and behaviour of the Diamond and
cBN wheel. Various adapted bonds provide optimum solutions for numerous different grinding tasks. They are distinguished based
on their binder materials, which in turn contain numerous alloy types.
Rotating SiC wheels (no stationary tool or
metal-bonded dressing wheels!)
HSS, alloyed tool steel, hardened steel
The mixture of meltable glass powder, filler and cBN
abrasive wheel constitutes the ceramic bond. In contrast to
the resin-ceramic and metal bonds, the vitrified bond offers
a.o. the advantage that a certain pore volume can be
produced. As the bond is made from glass, the grinding
wheels cannot withstand major impacts or temperature
shocks. Cooling is therefore always required. The ceramic
bond provides cool grinding with low grinding forces and
can be easily dressed on the machine, using a rotating
dresser.
Resins, to which apart from the grinding granules also filler
has been added, are used as binding agent. Grinding wheels
with resin-ceramic bond offer a wide range of application.
The wheels offer rapid and cool grinding, can be used for dry
and wet grinding and generate only low grinding forces. The
resin-ceramic bond is used from polishing grinding to deep
grinding processes with high rates of material removal. In
short, it is the most universal bond.
HSS, alloyed tool steel, hardened steel
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BONDS
Metal bond: (Metal) Galvanic surface layer: (Electro plated)
Haefeli bond name: M4000 - M4999 Haefeli bond name: E6000 - E6999
Products ProductsType: 1A1W, profiles such as 14E1, 14A1R, Type: 1A1, profiles, 1A1W
Diameter: ∅ 0.2 - 300 mm Diameter: ∅ 0.5 - 400 mmGranulation: D16 - D251 Granulation: D46 - D352
Concentration: C 30 - C 175
Application: Materials for diamond: Application: Materials for diamond:
Materials for cBN: Materials for cBN:
Cooling: Oil, emulsion Cooling: Oil, emulsion, dry
Regeneration: HACO-FLEX manually Regeneration: -Dressing: Dressing: -
Apr 05
HAEFELI Diamantwerkzeugfabrik AG, CH-8046 ZürichRiedenhaldenstrasse 51 Tel: +41 (0)44 377 80 50 Fax: +41 (0)44 377 80 60 Email: [email protected] Internet: www.haefeli-info.ch
Entwicklung und Fabrikation von
cBN- und Diamantwerkzeugen
This bond is electro-plated onto a steel base structure. As a
result of this single-layer bonding process, the grinding
coating produces large swarfs. The galvanic bond is
particularly suited for applying to profiled base structures.
Profile accuracy does, however, depend on the grain size.
Due to the large grain overhang, the covered workpiece
offers a very good grip and leaves the workpiece with a
very rough surface. With increased use, the grip is reduced
as the grain peaks are worn away.
Rotating SiC wheels (no stationary tool or
metal-bonded dressing wheels!)
Hard metal, cermets, sapphire, ruby, glass,
technical ceramics
HSS, alloyed tool steel, hardened steel HSS, alloyed tool steel, hardened steel
Sintered metal bonds are predominantly bronze bonds and
are characterised by a higher bond hardness. The grains are
tightly enclosed, as a result of which, the grinding wheel
appears to be "more blunt" but offers a significantly longer
service life. In contrast to resin-ceramic-bonded grinding
wheels, the metal bond generates more grinding heat if it is
not regenerated effectively (-> HACO-FLEX). Grinding
wheels with metal bonds achieve harder grinding at a lower
speed. Metal bonding is best suited for sharp profiles from
radius R 0.08 mm onwards, thin bond widths and very small
sintered grinding pins (from Ø 0.2 mm) and for use on
materials subjecting the bond to high levels of wear. Metal
bonds are generally the most hard wearing bonds.
Hard metal, plastic, glass fiber reinforced
plastic
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BONDS
Bakelite bond (Bakelite) Ceramic bond
Haefeli bond name: B3000 - B3999
Apr 05
HAEFELI Diamantwerkzeugfabrik AG, CH-8046 ZürichRiedenhaldenstrasse 51 Tel: +41 (0)44 377 80 50 Fax: +41 (0)44 377 80 60 Email: [email protected] Internet: www.haefeli-info.ch
Bakelite, to which apart from the grinding granules also filler
has been added, is used as binding agent. In the past, the
bonding was used with fine granules due to its polishing
effect. Grinding wheels with bakelite bond are only still used
in a few exceptional cases as bakelite can be substituted by
more versatile and more cleanly cutting resin bonds.
The ceramic bond consists of meltable glass powder, filler
and abrasive grains. It is the cheapest and most popular
bond. It can also be used to grind "soft" (
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SCHLEIFMITTEL
- Hartmetall - carbur de tungstene - tungsten carbide - Keramik - céramique - ceramic - Glas - verre - glass - Saphir - saphire - saphire - Graphit - graphite - graphite - Ferrit - ferrite - ferrite - Ferro-Tic - ferro-tic - ferro-tic - u.s.w. - e.t.c. - a.s.f.
- HSS-Stähle - acier HSS - high-speed steel - Werkzeugstähle - acier à outils et étampage - tool and die steel - Einsatz-Stähle - acier de cémentation - carburized steel - Stellit - stéllite - stellite - u.s.w. - e.t.c. - a.s.f.
Material: Knoop Härte: Matière: Knoop dureté: Material: Knoop hardness:Diamant 8000 Diamant 8000 Diamond 8000cBN 4500 cBN 4500 cBN 4500SiC 2700 SiC 2700 SiC 2700
Al203 2500 Al 2 0 3 2500 Al203 2500
Apr 05
HAEFELI Diamantwerkzeugfabrik AG, CH-8046 ZürichRiedenhaldenstrasse 51 Tel: +41 (0)44 377 80 50 Fax: +41 (0)44 377 80 60 Email: [email protected] Internet: www.haefeli-info.ch
Entwicklung und Fabrikation von
cBN- und Diamantwerkzeugen
LES MATIÈRES ABRASIVESDIAMANTLe Diamant est la matière la plus
dur (8000 dureté Knoop) qu'on
connaît et convient au meulage
des matières dont au moins une
partie est cristaline, soit:
DIAMANTDiamant ist das härteste bekannte
Material (8000 Knoop Härte) und
eignet sich zum Schleifen von
kristallinen Werkstoffen wie:
cBN ( c ubic B oron N itride ) (Borazon)Le cBN et la matière la plus dure
après le Diamant (4500 dureté
Knoop) qu'on conna'it et convient
au meulage des matières sans
partie cristaline, soit:
Les matières les plus dures en
comparaison:
cBN (cubic Boron Nitride) (Borazon)cBN ist das zweithärteste Material
(4500 Knoop Härte) und eignet sich
zum Schleifen von Werkstoffen
ohne kristalline Anteile wie:
Die härtesten Materialien im
Vergleich:
The hardest materials in
comparison:
GRINDING AGENTS
DIAMONDDiamond is the hardest material
known (8000 Knoop hardness) and
is suited for grinding of material
with at least part of crystaline
content, such as:
cBN is the second hardest material
known (4500 Knoop hardness) and
is suited for grinding material
without crystalline content such
as:
cBN (cubic Boron Nitride) (Borazon)
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cBN KORNGRÖSSEN / DIMENSIONS DES GRAINS / GRIT SIZES
For cBN grinding tools cBN
Application US mesh Micron
min.
Micron
max. FEPA
212 250 +1= BN 251 Very rough ginding = 60 - 70 180 212 +1= BN 213 = 70 - 80 150 180 +1= BN 181 = 80 - 100 125 150 +1= BN 151 = 100 - 120 106 125 +1= BN 126 = 120 - 140 90 106 +1= BN 107 Rough grinding = 140 - 170 75 90 +1= BN 91 = 170 - 200 63 75 +1= BN 76 = 200 - 230 53 63 +1= BN 64 Semifinish grinding = 230 - 270 45 53 +1= BN 54 = 270 - 325 38 45 +1= BN 46 = 325 - 400
Micron-Grit sizes Micron
min.
Micron
max. HAEFELI30 40 +1= BN 41 MB 40 Fine grinding32 38 +1= BN 39 B 35 = 400 - 500 22 36 +1= BN 37 B 30 25 32 +1= BN 33 B 30 Ultrafine grinding = 500 - 600 20 30 +1= BN 31 MB 2510 20 +1= BN 21 MB 168 15 +1= BN 16 MB 15 (abt. 1000 ) 6 12 +1= BN 13 MB 10
US mesh
(US mesh): Grains per inch
1" = 25,4 mm
max. Grit size FEPA .
ø
180 micr. + 1 micr. = BN 181 80 - 100 = 80-100 Grains per inch 180/1000 mm
45 micr. + 1 micr. = BN 46 325 - 400 = 325-400 Grains per inch 45/1000 mm
HAEFELI-Micron-Grit sizes follow the logic of FEPA-norm (biggest grit in micron + 1 = FEPA/HAEFELI-norm)
Dez 05
HAEFELI Diamantwerkzeugfabrik AG, CH-8046 ZürichRiedenhaldenstrasse 51 Tel: +41 (0)44 377 80 50 Fax: +41 (0)44 377 80 60 Email: [email protected] Internet: www.haefeli-info.ch
Ceramic wheels
(SiC, Al203, ..)
FEPA-Grit sizes
Other
producers
description
Entwicklung und Fabrikation von
cBN- und Diamantwerkzeugen
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DIAMOND KORNGRÖSSEN / DIMENSIONS DES GRAINS / GRIT SIZES
For diamond grinding tools DIAMOND
Application US mesh Micron
min.
Micron
max. FEPA
212 250 +1= D 251 = 60 - 70 180 212 +1= D 213 = 70 - 80 150 180 +1= D 181 Rough grinding = 80 - 100 125 150 +1= D 151 = 100 - 120 106 125 +1= D 126 = 120 - 140 90 106 +1= D 107 Semifinish grinding = 140 - 170 75 90 +1= D 91 = 170 - 200 63 75 +1= D 76 = 200 - 230 53 63 +1= D 64 Fine grinding = 230 - 270 45 53 +1= D 54 = 270 - 325 38 45 +1= D 46 = 325 - 400
Micron-Grit sizes Micron
min.
Micron
max. HAEFELI30 40 +1= D 41 MD 40 Ultrafine grinding32 38 +1= D 39 D 35 = 400 - 500 22 36 +1= D 37 D 30 25 32 +1= D 33 D 30 = 500 - 600 20 30 +1= D 31 MD 2515 25 +1= D 2610 20 +1= D 21 MD 168 15 +1= D 16 MD 15 (abt. 1000 ) 6 12 +1= D 13 MD 10
US mesh
(US mesh): Grains per inch
1" = 25,4 mm
max. Grit size FEPA .
ø
180 micr. + 1 micr. = D 181 80 - 100 = 80-100 Grains per inch 180/1000 mm
45 micr. + 1 micr. = D 46 325 - 400 = 325-400 Grains per inch 45/1000 mm
HAEFELI-Micron-Grit sizes follow the logic of FEPA-norm (biggest grit in micron + 1 = FEPA/HAEFELI-norm)
Dez 05
HAEFELI Diamantwerkzeugfabrik AG, CH-8046 ZürichRiedenhaldenstrasse 51 Tel: +41 (0)44 377 80 50 Fax: +41 (0)44 377 80 60 Email: [email protected] Internet: www.haefeli-info.ch
Ceramic wheels
(SiC, Al203, ..)
FEPA-Grit sizes
Other
producers
description
Entwicklung und Fabrikation von
cBN- und Diamantwerkzeugen
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Micron
min.
Micron
max +1=
32 52 D 25
30 45 MD 40 / MB 40
32 40 D 35
30 40 +1= MD / MB 42 D 20 B / B 3020 40 +1= MD / MB 41 MD 25 / MB 2532 38 +1= MD / MB 3922 36 +1= MD / MB 3725 32 +1= MD / MB 33 D 30 / B 3025 30 D 20 A / B 30
20 30 +1= MD / MB 31 D 25 MD 2020 25 D 15 C
15 25 +1= MD / MB 26 D 20 MD 18 D 30 / B 3010 25 D 15
12 22 +1= MD / MB 23 MD 16 / MB 1615 20 D 15 B / B 15 D 20
10 20 +1= MD / MB 21 D 15 / B 15 D 15 / B 1510 16 MD 14
8 / 10 15 +1= MD / MB 16 D 10 D 15 A / B 96 12 +1= MD / MB 13 D 7 MD 10 D 10 / B 106 10 +1= MD / MB 115 10 D 7 / B 6
4 8 +1= MD / MB 9 D 6 MD 6.3 D 63 6 +1= MD 7 MD 42 5 D 3 / B 3
1 5 +1= MD 62 4 +1= MD 5 D 3 MD 2.52 3 MD 1.8
0.5 3 +1= MD 41 2 +1= MD 3 D 1 D 1 / B 1 MD 10 1 +1= MD 20.5 1 D 0.7
< 0.5 D 0.25
Dez 05
HAEFELI Diamantwerkzeugfabrik AG, CH-8046 ZürichRiedenhaldenstrasse 51 Tel: +41 (0)44 377 80 50 Fax: +41 (0)44 377 80 60 Email: [email protected] Internet: www.haefeli-info.ch
Entwicklung und Fabrikation von
cBN- und Diamantwerkzeugen
Vergleich Micron - Korngrössen / Comparaison des grains microns / Comparison micron grit sizes
Micron-Körnungen nach FEPA Idee
Grains micron d'après idée FEPA micron grit sizes following FEPA idea
Bezeichnung
Hersteller D
Désignation
producteur D Descprition
producer DHAEFELI
Bezeichnung
Hersteller A
Désignation
producteur A Descprition
producer A
Bezeichnung
Hersteller B
Désignation
producteur B Descprition
producer B
Bezeichnung
Hersteller C
Désignation
producteur C Descprition
producer C
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Entwicklung und Fabrikation von
cBN- und Diamantwerkzeugen
cBN KONZENTRATION / CONCENTRATION CDIAMANT
Konzentration C: cBN/Diamant-Körner Sättigung im SchleifbelagConcentration C: Densité des grain cBN/Diamant dans le liantConcentration C: Density of the cB/Diamond grit in the bond
Ansicht Volumen Fepa
vue cBN + Diamant cBN + Diamant cBNview % C V
0 V% C 0 (V0)
7.5 V% C 30 V70
12.5 V% C 50 V120
15 V% C 60 V150
18.75 V% C 75 V180
25 V% C 100 V240
31.25 V% C 125 V300
37.5 V% C 150 V360
50 V% C 200 V480
100 V% C 400 (V1000)
Apr 05
HAEFELI Diamantwerkzeugfabrik AG, CH-8046 ZürichRiedenhaldenstrasse 51 Tel: +41 (0)44 377 80 50 Fax: +41 (0)44 377 80 60 Email: [email protected] Internet: www.haefeli-info.ch
Bezeichnung / Désignation /
DesignationSchleifbelag / Couche / Layer
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OBERFLÄCHENGÜTE / L'ETAT DE SURFACE / SURFACE QUALITY
Kreuzschliff - Richtwerte / Meulage croisée - Valeurs indicatives / Cross grinding - Standard values
Ra (micr.)
Rmax (micr.)
Rz (micr.)
cBN DIAMOND
BN 151
BN 126
BN 107 D 181
BN 91 D 151
BN 76 D 126
BN 64 D 107
BN 54 D 91
BN 46 D 76
D 64
D 54
D 46
D 41
D 26
D 13
Feinstschleifen Feinschleifen Vorschleifen Grobschleifen Schruppen
Superfinition Finition Ebauche Ebauche grossière Dégrossissage
Ultrafine grinding Fine grinding Semifinish grinding Rough grinding Very rough grinding
Dez 05
HAEFELI Diamantwerkzeugfabrik AG, CH-8046 ZürichRiedenhaldenstrasse 51 Tel: +41 (0)44 377 80 50 Fax: +41 (0)44 377 80 60 Email: [email protected] Internet: www.haefeli-info.ch
Fine grinding
Finition
Feinschleifen
Ultrafine grinding
Superfinition
Feinstschleifen
Entwicklung und Fabrikation von
cBN- und Diamantwerkzeugen
0.4
5.0
4.0
0.05
0.80
0.63
0.025
0.50
0.40
Ebauche
2.0
N 5
1.25
1.00
N 4
Rough grinding
Ebauche grossière
Grobschleifen
Vorschleifen
N 6N 2N 1 N 3
0.10 0.2
2.5
Schleifen mit HAEFELI Kunstharz-Keramik-Bindungen / Meulage avec des liants HAEFELI résine-céramique / Grinding with HAEFELI resin ceramic bonds
Schruppen
Very rough grinding
Semifinish grinding
6.3
8.0
0.8
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2 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45(m/sec) (m/sec) (m/sec) (m/sec) (m/sec) (m/sec) (m/sec) (m/sec) (m/sec) (m/sec)
r.p.m.
∅ 600 mm `64 `159 `318 `477 `637 `796 `955 1`114 1`273 1`432 r.p.m.∅ 500 mm `76 `191 `382 `573 `764 `955 1`146 1`337 1`528 1`719 r.p.m.∅ 400 mm `95 `239 `477 `716 `955 1`194 1`432 1`671 1`910 2`148 r.p.m.∅ 350 mm `109 `273 `546 `818 1`091 1`364 1`637 1`910 2`182 2`455 r.p.m.∅ 300 mm `127 `318 `637 `955 1`273 1`591 1`910 2`228 2`546 2`864 r.p.m.∅ 250 mm `153 `382 `764 1`146 1`528 1`910 2`292 2`673 3`055 3`437 r.p.m.∅ 225 mm `170 `424 `849 1`273 1`697 2`122 2`546 2`971 3`395 3`819 r.p.m.∅ 200 mm `191 `477 `955 1`432 1`910 2`387 2`864 3`342 3`819 4`297 r.p.m.∅ 175 mm `218 `546 1`091 1`637 2`182 2`728 3`274 3`819 4`365 4`910 r.p.m.∅ 150 mm `255 `637 1`273 1`910 2`546 3`183 3`819 4`456 5`092 5`729 r.p.m.∅ 125 mm `306 `764 1`528 2`292 3`055 3`819 4`583 5`347 6`111 6`875 r.p.m.∅ 100 mm `382 `955 1`910 2`864 3`819 4`774 5`729 6`684 7`638 8`593 r.p.m.∅ 75 mm `509 1`273 2`546 3`819 5`092 6`365 7`638 8`912 10`185 11`458 r.p.m.∅ 50 mm `764 1`910 3`819 5`729 7`638 9`548 11`458 13`367 15`277 17`187 r.p.m.∅ 40 mm `955 2`387 4`774 7`161 9`548 11`935 14`322 16`709 19`096 21`483 r.p.m.∅ 30 mm 1`273 3`183 6`365 9`548 12`731 15`913 19`096 22`279 25`461 28`644 r.p.m.∅ 25 mm 1`528 3`819 7`638 11`458 15`277 19`096 22`915 26`735 30`554 34`373 r.p.m.∅ 20 mm 1`910 4`774 9`548 14`322 19`096 23`870 28`644 33`418 38`192 42`966 r.p.m.∅ 15 mm 2`546 6`365 12`731 19`096 25`461 31`827 38`192 44`558 50`923 57`288 r.p.m.∅ 12 mm 3`183 7`957 15`913 23`870 31`827 39`784 47`740 55`697 63`654 71`610 r.p.m.∅ 10 mm 3`819 9`548 19`096 28`644 38`192 47`740 57`288 66`836 76`384 85`933 r.p.m.∅ 8 mm 4`774 11`935 23`870 35`805 47`740 59`675 71`610 83`546 95`481 107`416 r.p.m.∅ 6 mm 6`365 15`913 31`827 47`740 63`654 79`567 95`481 111`394 127`307 143`221 r.p.m.∅ 5 mm 7`638 19`096 38`192 57`288 76`384 95`481 114`577 133`673 152`769 171`865 r.p.m.∅ 4 mm 9`548 23`870 47`740 71`610 95`481 119`351 143`221 167`091 190`961 214`831 r.p.m.∅ 3 mm 12`731 31`827 63`654 95`481 127`307 159`134 190`961 222`788 254`615 286`442 r.p.m.∅ 2 mm 19`096 47`740 95`481 143`221 190`961 238`701 286`442 334`182 r.p.m.∅ 1.8 mm 21`218 53`045 106`090 159`134 212`179 265`224 318`269 r.p.m.∅ 1.5 mm 25`461 63`654 127`307 190`961 254`615 318`269 r.p.m.∅ 1.2 mm 31`827 79`567 159`134 238`701 318`269 r.p.m.∅ 1.0 mm 38`192 95`481 190`961 286`442 r.p.m.∅ 0.8 mm 47`740 119`351 238`701 r.p.m.∅ 0.6 mm 63`654 159`134 318`269 r.p.m.∅ 0.5 mm 76`384 190`961 r.p.m.∅ 0.4 mm 95`481 238`701 r.p.m.∅ 0.3 mm 127`307 318`269 r.p.m.∅ 0.2 mm 190`961 r.p.m.
HAEFELI Diamantwerkzeugfabrik AG, CH-8046 ZürichRiedenhaldenstrasse 51 Tel: +41 (0)44 377 80 50 Fax: +41 (0)44 377 80 60 Email: [email protected] Internet: www.haefeli-info.ch
Entwicklung und Fabrikation von
cBN- und Diamantwerkzeugen
Apr 05
cBN- und Diamantwerkzeuge / outils cBN et Diamant / cBN and Diamond tools
SCHNITT-GESCHWINDIGKEIT / VITESSE DE COUPE / CUTTING SPEED
Schleifkörper-
Durchmesser
Diamètre de la
meule
Diameter of the
wheel
Vollkeramik / vitrifiée / vitrified
Metall / métal / metal
Kunstharz-Keramik / résine-céramique / resin-ceramic
r.p.m.
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BindungLiantBond
ProduktionsnummerNo. de productionsProductionnumber
KonzentrationConcentration
cBN oder DiamantKorngrösse cBN ou DiamantGrain cBN or DiamantGrit size
Apr 05
HAEFELI Diamantwerkzeugfabrik AG, CH-8046 ZürichRiedenhaldenstrasse 51 Tel: +41 (0)44 377 80 50 Fax: +41 (0)44 377 80 60 Email: [email protected] Internet: www.haefeli-info.ch
SCHEIBEN-GRAVUR / GRAVAGE DE MEULES / WHEELS ENGRAVING
Entwicklung und Fabrikation von
cBN- und Diamantwerkzeugen