INTRODUCTION INDUSTRIAL HYGIENE

INTRODUCTION INDUSTRIAL HYGIENEPrepared by:Lucresia, Babie Rio, I.Bibon, Jul-Azid, B.Sta.Ana, Noe Jr. B.Locando, Bryan James V. Holanda, Leonard S.

Report ObjectivesUnderstand what industrial hygiene isRecognize its importance in the workplaceIdentify ways industrial hygiene helps protect youHelp promote industrial hygiene on the job

What Is Industrial Hygiene?is the science of anticipating, recognizing, evaluating, and controlling workplace conditions that could cause injury or illness

Anticipation

Recognition/Evaluation

Controls

Management

CommitmentPlanningDesignTraining

Hazard IdentificationExposure AssessmentMonitoring StudiesObservations

SubstitutionEngineeringAdministrationPersonal Protective Equipment

PlanningImplementingSelf Assessment & AuditingManagement Review

What Is the Connection Between IH & OSHA?We rely on industrial hygienists to evaluate jobs for potential health hazards.

OSHA

What Is the Connection Between IH & OSHA? (cont.)Industrial hygienists are involved in:ComplianceStandardsTechnical assistanceEnforcementHazard ID & elimination

How Does IH Help Protect You on the Job?InvestigatingRecommendingResearchingAnticipating and controllingTraining AdvisingEnforcing

Which Health and Safety Issues Does IH Cover?

How Are Workplace Hazards Identified?

How Does IH Control Workplace Hazards?

WORK PRACTICEENGINEERINGADMINISTRATIVEEngineering Controls

Work Practice Controls

Administrative Controls

Examples of Job HazardsAir contaminantsChemical hazardsBiological hazardsPhysical hazardsErgonomic hazards

Air Contaminants

DustsFumesMistVaporsFibersGases

Hazards Due to Chemical PropertiesThe degree of risk depends on:Nature and potency of materialMagnitude and duration of exposureRoute of entry

Biological HazardsBacteriaVirusesFungiPhysical HazardsElectromagnetic radiationNoiseVibrationIlluminationTemperature

Ergonomic HazardsEye strainRepetitive motion injuriesLifting injuries

How Can You Promote a Safe & Healthy Workplace?

ReportCooperateUse engineering controlsWear assigned PPE Follow safe work practicesToxic and Hazardous Substances1910.1000 Air Contaminants: Includes Z tables: worker exposure limits for specific listed substancesEmployee exposure cannot exceed limitsTables Z-1, Z-2, Z-3 each have their own requirementsPEL = Permissible Exposure Limit

29 CFR Subpart Z29 CFR Subpart Z1910.1001-1096:Specific regulations for individual substances including: asbestos (1910.1001); lead (1910.1025);bloodborne pathogens (1910.1030), and others1910.1200 Hazard Communication

1910.1000(a) - Table Z-1Derived from 1968 ACGIH TLVsAmerican Conference of Governmental Industrial HygienistsThreshold Limit Values (TLV)Levels thought to cause no significant adverse health effects in the majority of the community

1910.1000(a) - Table Z-1Lists common workplace chemicalsTwo types of limits:8-hour Time Weighted Average (TWA) or Ceiling (C) limitsEmployee exposure shall at no time exceed a ceiling (C) exposure limit

910.1000(a) - Table Z-18-hour Time Weighted Averages (TWA)Employee exposure shall not exceed 8-hour TWA in any 8-hour work shift of a 40-hour work weekCalculations illustrated in (d)Units: Parts per million (ppm)Milligrams per cubic meter (mg/m3)

Table Z-1 Examples

5 mg/M3,Respirable fraction15 mg/M3,Total dustParticulates not otherwise regulated (PNOR) 1 ppmChlorine50 ppmCarbon monoxide1000 ppmAcetoneCeiling8-hr TWASubstance261910.1000(b) - Table Z-2Adopted from ANSI standards (American National Standards Institute)Expanded standards developed for some of the substances found in Z-2, including:Benzene 1910.1028Cadmium 1910.1027Formaldehyde 1910.1048Methylene chloride 1910.1052

1910.1000(b) - Table Z-2Table Z-2 expresses exposure limits as: 8-hour TWACeilingPeakIf a substance has both ceiling and peak limits: peak = level never to be exceeded Exposure levels over the ceiling but under the peak must comply with margin notes in table TWA must still not be exceeded

1910.1000(b) - Table Z-2 Examples10 min500 ppm300 ppm200 ppmToluene5 min in any 3 hrs600 ppm200 ppm100 ppmStyrene10 min50 ppm20 ppmHydrogen sulfide10 min50 ppm25 ppm10 ppmBenzeneNotesPeakCeiling8-hr TWASubstance1910.1000(c) - Table Z-38-hour TWA limits for forms of silicaAdopted from ACGIH TLVsSiO2 : basic component of sand, graniteQuartz: 2nd most common mineralQuartz sand (crystalline silica) used to fracture rock formations in wellsSilica in barite, lignite, and bentonite mud additives

Health Effects of SilicaSilicosisIrreversible but preventable Most commonly associated with silica dustOther possible effects:Lung cancerSome auto-immune diseases

1910.1000(c) - Table Z-3 5 mg/m3Respirable dust 15 mg/m3Nuisance dust 30mg/m3 % Sio2

Amorphous 10mg/m3 % Sio2 + 2Crystalline Silica(Respirable fraction)

PELSubstance1910.1000(e) To achieve complianceAdministrative or engineering controls first wherever feasibleWhen those are not feasible for full compliance: protective equipment or other protective measuresEquipment or technical measures must be approved by competent industrial hygienist or qualified personRespirators: 1910.134OSHA SOUND LEVEL PELsSound Level (dB)Exposure Time Limit (hr)< 90 No Limit 908 954 1002 1051 110 115> 1150

Education of an Industrial HygienistUsually requires advanced education in engineering and the biological sciencesA combination of education and experience is necessary in order to take the American Board of Industrial Hygiene (ABIH) exam for certification in industrial hygiene (CIH)

OSH Act of 1970The purpose of the OSH Act is to assure so far as possible every working, man and woman in the nation safe and healthful working conditions and to preserve our human resources.

AS AN ENGINEERS RESPONSIBILITYBe aware of industrial hazards and possible effects.Design inherently safer systems that minimize worker exposure to hazards.As a manager encourage proper safety procedures and good housekeeping to minimize employees exposure to hazardous situations.

ADIOS!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!