Interdisciplinary research and education in a virtual ... · Interdisciplinary research and...

Interdisciplinary research and education in a virtual cultural landscape laboratory

1

Prof. Dr.-Ing. Ralf BillRostock University

Faculty of Agricultural and Environmental SciencesProfessorship of Geodesy and Geoinformatics

VKLandLab_DLA_Dessau

Content

e-Science

Virtual Cultural Landscape Laboratory (VKLandLab) – the architecture

From old maps to recent geoinformation – a spatial data infrastructure forcultural landscape research and education

Applications in Research and Education

VKLandLab_DLA_Dessau 2

e-Science


Science of the Future

Modern knowledge and information society with its various possibilities of efficient communication and easy access to very large amounts of information and powerful computing technology is a new challenge to science. The chances to achieve better scientific results, both qualitatively and quantitatively, with the new methods have increased considerably in parallel, but also the difficulty to control such distributed, dynamic system components.

This requires a systems development and the organizational structures of a network and middleware infrastructure, with which computational resources, information resources, application programs can be offered, requested and allocated for community-specific applications

e-Science = Collaborative research based on a digital infrastructure Net based science „digitally enhanced science“ Cyber infrastructure

Source: BMBF-Wissenschaftsmanagement 1/2005VKLandLab_DLA_Dessau 4

e-Science supports the complete scientific lifecycle

VKLandLab_20105

Background research

Publication

Data analysis

Data collection

Controlledexperiment

Experimental design

Idea generationResearch hyothesis

Simulation

Proposal

Wissenschaftsrat(German Council of Science)

Major research initiative „Digital Information“ of the Allianz-partner organisations (11.06.2008)

1. National licensing2. Open Access3. National hosting strategy4. Research primary data bases5. Virtual research environments6. Legal conditions

Source: www.wissenschaftsrat.de/texte/Allianz-digitale%20Info.pdf

DFG research funding


Virtual researchenvironments (VRE)

Virtual research environments provide all the necessary tools, data, information and services available so that the researcher is detached from resources and access problems (memory, CPU time, log-in etc.). In this virtual network the scientist can pursue his research.

The scientist of the future uses, independend of location and time, a virtual environment and finds programs, research data and secondary sources (such as publications, databases and services), which he needs for his current work.

He engages with his colleagues all over the world, immediately shares new information, analyzes it, adds its new findings and places them on the fly to his colleagues for discussion and further use.


Based on: Neuroth; Aschenbrenner; Lohmeier; „e-Humanities –eine virtuelle Forschungsumgebung für die Geistes-, Kultur-und Sozialwissenschaften“; BIBLIOTHEK Forschung und Praxis. Band 31, Heft 3, Seiten 272–279, DOI: 10.1515/BFUP.2007.272, /December/2007

e-Science Framework

Internet

Infrastructure/Content: Networks, Server, Programs, Sensors, Data bases …

Middleware/Basic services:Collaborative work environments(groupware, conferencing tools)

Resource brokerage (directories, scheduling, mapping, accounting)

Mobility and ubiquity services (roaming), Quality services …

e-Science:

ModelExperimentApplication

ModelExperimentSimulationApplication

ModelExperimentApplication

Advanced Services (disciplinary/interdisciplinary):Resources sharing

Cooperation servicesCommunication services

Data sharing

Resources sharingCooperation services

Communication servicesData sharing

Resources sharingCooperation services

Communication servicesData sharing

Science communities:Medicine, physics, geo ..

VKLandLab_DLA_Dessau

Virtual Cultural Landscape Laboratory (VKLandLab) – the architecture


VKLandLab – Project goals

Technology Establishing a VRE for interdisciplinary cultural landscape research. Integration of different well known components of data driven infrastructures

such as InternetGIS, data bases, primary data repositories, authentificationstructures.

Enhancements with respect to collaborative elements such as wikis, blogs, project management, content management, data tagging etc.

Investigation area in space and time Focussing on the area Mecklenburg in the last 230 years. Offering georeferenced old maps from 1786, younger aerial and satellite

imagery of the last 30 years and recent geoinformation

Science community Allowing spatio-temporal research questions on various levels of scale in space

(regional 1:200.000 to local 1:25.000) and time (250 years in 3 time slices, thelast 30 years again in 3 time slices and recent data)

Supporting interdisciplinary collaboration of scientists in Rostock and elsewherefocussing on research work and not on technology

Contribution to e-Science.VKLandLab_DLA_Dessau 10

VKLandLab-Reference architecture(OGC-like)

Content Management SystemTYPO3 (Uni Rostock)

Portal Services

WebGIS kvwmap

Portrayal ServicesData Capture Services

Service-based ResourcesOGC W*S, OAI-PHM, …

CatalogueGeoNetwork Opensource

Internet

Catalogue Services

Uni Rostock (GG)•(Hist.) maps•Aerial imagery•Branch data•…

UB Rostock• Hist. documents• Naming

catalogue

LUNG, LAIV•Environmental data•National geodata…

Data Service

Scientists Publics

Portal VKLandLab


Portal

Content Management System TYPO3

Corporate Identity = LayoutRostock University

Collaboration environment Sharepoint, Wiki

https://www.uni-rostock.de/index.php?id=vklandlabVKLandLab_DLA_Dessau 12

Internet GIS kvwmap

OpenSource WebGIS-framework kvwmap to capture, store, analyse andpresent spatial information

Data and portrayal services On top of UMN-MapServer PostgreSQL data base


Catalogue/Meta data

Catalogue service: Search and find spatial data based query parameters such as data topic, -origin and -matter.

Centralized meta information system according to ISO 19115/19139 GeoNetwork OpenSource


VKLandLab-Reference architecture(OGC-like)

Content Management SystemTYPO3 (Uni Rostock)

Portal Services

WebGIS kvwmap

Portrayal ServicesData Capture Services

Service-based ResourcesOGC W*S, OAI-PHM, …

CatalogueGeoNetwork Opensource

Internet

Catalogue Services

Uni Rostock (GG)•(Hist.) maps•Aerial imagery•Branch data•…

UB Rostock• Hist. documents• Naming

catalogue

LUNG, LAIV•Environmental data•National geodata…

Data Service

Scientists Publics

Portal VKLandLab


University LibraryDigital Documents

RosDok: Document server of UB Rostock for published texts, electronic publications, digitized older literature

Relevant documents: Year books of Mecklenburg Historical journal with contributions to many mecklenburgian

places and regions from all epochs Annuals 1835-1940 fully digitised, full text retrieval (XML) Articles/papers made available by federal library MV Meta data (bibliographic annotations) to individual articles:

Author, Titel, ..., Naming thesaurus Statistics:

3600 articles, 2000 namings (ca. 50% of the articles do havea spatial relation), ca. 550 different places named

Federal bibliography MV: Archive of relevant literature of this region, new publications, evaluation of periodicals, daily journals etc.

VKLandlab-Project partners Historical Atlas MV Data/Statistics out of mecklenburgian census 1819, 1867 WossiDiA (DFG-Project for the digitalisation and exploitation of the notes collection

from Richard Wossidlo) Immatriculation portal of Rostock University …


Name related search

Example: Year books in the catalogue of the federal library

001@ ƒ092ƒaU003@ ƒ0355575272009P/03 ƒS1ƒ0htmlƒahttp://portal.hsb.hs-wismar.de/pub/lbmv/mjb/jb007/355575272.html010@ ƒager011@ ƒa1842021A ƒaKelch von Kavelstorf027D/00 ƒaJahrbücher des Vereins für Mecklenburgische Geschichte und Altertumskundeƒp[Rostock :] Digitale Bibliothek MV031A ƒd7ƒj1842ƒh80144Z/00 ƒ9231454104ƒ8|g| Kavelstorf


Existing geographic namingdata bases

1. (classical historical geographic name listings: site biographies/-histories)2. (older printed geographic name listings for Mecklenburg: since mid of 19. century in

dense sequence )3. Recent time slot (explicit or implicit)

1. Geographical Names Germany (GN-DE => BKG)2. Listing of the villages in Mecklenburg-Pomerania (VzO-M-V => LaiV) 3. GEOnet Names Server (GNS)4. The Getty Thesaurus of Geographic Names5. Geonames6. OpenGeoDB

4. Historical time slot or combined („time-space-slice“): based on older geographicname listings

1. Genealogic background: MFP Ortsdatenbank, eMecklenburg, Mecklenburg Gazetteer & 1819 Census Guide

2. Prof. Papay: spatial visualisation (GIS) of the census 1819 and 1867, foundedon a list of all communes and villages in Mecklenburg-Schwerin (selectedfederal calenders, Güterverzeichnis, VZ ca. 1800-1867)


Genealogical villagelisting


Spatial query and visualisationof documents

Enriching the thesaurus with coordinates via GeoNames GeoNames.org = community-based portal for village names and spatial

coordinates (worldwide) Visualisation with GoogleMaps => kvwmap


From old maps to recent geoinformation –a spatial data infrastructure for cultural landscape research and education


Full coverage historical mapsin MV since 1692

Königlich Preußische Landes-Aufnahme 1:25 000 (1877-1889) Messtischblattaufnahme

Preußische Urmesstischblätter 1:25 000 (1827-1837)

Schmettau‘sche Karte ca. 1:50 000 (1788)

Wiebeking‘sche Karte 1:24 000 (Original) bzw. 1:25 000 (1786)

Flurkarten der Direktorialvermessung 1:3840 (1765-1780)

Mecklenburg

West Pomerania

West Pomerania

Mecklenburg

Mecklenburg

West Pomerania

Mecklenburg

Map framework Mapped area analogue digital

Matrikelkarten der schwedischen Landesaufnahme ca. 1:8 000 (1692-1698)


Area of interest –the old Mecklenburg

Mecklenburg-Strelitz Area 2.929,5 km² Government: Monarchy, Republic Head of state 1701–1815: reigning

Duke, 1815–1918: Grand duke, 1918–1933: federal minister

Mecklenburg-Schwerin Area 13.127 km² Government: Monarchy, Republic Head of state 1621–1815: reigning

Duke, 1815–1918: Grand duke, 1919–1933: federal minister


Total coverage with topographic data: 1788: Schmettau ca.14.700 km² 1888: ca. 14.800 km² 2011: full coverage

Wiebeking

Carl Friedrich von Wiebeking (1786-1788): 1:24.000 48 map sheets

Source: L. Kreßner (2009)VKLandLab_DLA_Dessau 24

Schmettau

Friedrich Wilhelm Karl von Schmettau (1788): 1: 50.000 16 map sheets


Wiebeking

Scanning

Restauration

Mosaiking

Georeferen-cing


Digital map restaurationand mosaiking

Part

Processing steps „Tiling“ „Mosaiking“ „Smoothing“(Cutting) (Mounting) (Edge matching)Source: L. Kreßner (2009)


„Back propagating“ georeferencing

TK 25 1:250001. Time slot (ca. 2000)

Plane survey sheet1:25000

2. Time slot (ca. 1880)

Wiebeking 1:24000Schmettau 1:50000

3. Time slot(1786/1788)

1. Step of georeferencing (via corner point coordinates)

2. Step of georeferencing (via pass points)


Georeferencing – pass points

1

2

3

4

Source: L. Kreßner (2009)

Pass points (in average all 500 m)1 – Kettle holes2 – significant pounts at parish borders3 – Street and way points4 – Single buildings


Georeferencing –transformations

Similarity transformation (4 parameters)

Affine transformation (6 parameters)

Polynomial transformation

Meshwise affine transformation(Linear rubbersheeting)

x, yT

X, Y

X, Yx, yT

x, y X, YT


Deformation grid

Wiebeking map 8 Schönberg Schmettau Sektion VIII


Achieved accuracies

Wiebeking: 15054 pass points Affine transformation +- 25,3m Polynomial transformation +- 21,5m

Schmettau: 12480 pass points Affine transformation +- 28,5m Polynomial transformation +- 24,6m


Wiebeking


Affine transformation6 parameter


Schmettau


Affine transformation 6 parameter


Wiebeking –Full documentation


Schmettau –Full documentation


Spatial data infrastructure

Carl Friedrich von Wiebeking (1786-1788):

1:24.000 48 sheets ~2 GB

Friedrich Wilhelm Karl von Schmettau(1788):

1: 50.000 16 sheets ~2 GB

Plane survey sheet (1877-1889)

1:25.000 ~168 sheets ~ 18GB

ATKIS DTK 10 (2000) u.a.


Geodata sources

Digitally availablegeoinformation

2011

1999

1989

1973

1890

1788

1786

Landsat 1999

Landsat 1989

Landsat 1973

Map portals LaiV/LUNG Geobasic- & Environmental data: • ATKIS DTK, DOP, DGM• ATKIS DLM moorland, greenland, fallowland, acre land, water, forest, …• Geology, soil overview, ground water, geotopes• administrative borders

Uni Rostock Branch data:• kettle holes, forest, water, vegetation, agriculture, wet areas/swamps, settlementareas, parks a. garden, alleys a. streets,…• Hist. administrative borders

ATKIS DTKCORINE 2006CORINE 2000CORINE 1990

Plane survey sheet

SchmettauWiebeking

Old maps Geoinformation Imagery OGC Web Services

Time scale

His

toric

rece

nt

CLC 2000

CLC 1990


Geodata situation March 2011

Data amount/map layer (March 2011) 5 epochs (1788/1819/1879/1888/2007) 21 LUNG - Environment 3 LAIV – Geobasis data 12 GG – Historic data 15 Themes, 55000 Features


Applications in research and education


Landscape planning

Nature protection

Biodiversity/species research

Historical sciences

Settlement and infrastructuredevelopment

Environmental monitoring

Landscape research

Historical ownership documentation

Application fields in culturallandscape research


Students examples(master course 2009)


Coastal line development in the region Ribnitz

Settlement development in the region Ribnitz

Land use (Settlements/Agriculture/Greenland) development

Students tiling/topic scheme(master course 2010)


Time slot 1788


Research topics and partners

3 faculties at Rostock University Philosophical science (PHF) Natural Sciences (MNF) Environmental Science (AUF)


Cultural landscape

topics

Kettle holes(GG)

Forest(LÖ)

Historical cultural

landscapeelements

(LL)

Water(HY/KT)

Settlement types(GG)

Land use,Settlement,

Federal calender

(MM)

Cultural transfer

+Wossidlo(UB)

Kettle holes(AB)

Historical sciences (MM)

Digital Historical Atlas Mecklenburg – Land use and settlement structure in 18. and 19. century

Census in Mecklenburg-Schwerin 1819 and 1867 Source: Original folders of the first large census in Mecklenburg-

Schwerin from the year 1819 and 1867. Goal: Linking the census from 1819 within the Grand duchy Schwerin

to the maps of Schmettau (selected regions) Goal: Linking the census from 1867 within the Grand duchy Schwerin

to the maps of the Prussian plane survey sheet

Establishing data bases for:

- Census 1819- Census 1867- Federal calender 1797 and 1828- Güteraufstellung (goods list) 1797

Linking with geodata of:

- Wiebeking-Map 1786- Schmettau-Map 1788- Plane survey sheet 1888

Evaluation related to:

- Land use- Settlement structure- Administrative borders


Mecklenburgian federalcalendar 1776 – 1930 (MM)


Kettle holes/Soll (GG)

A soll is a special type of kettle hole, that was created by melting out a icecube of an enclosed sediments.

widespread in Upper Pleistocene => Glacigene Soll

Kettle hole types Glacigene Soll => True Soll Pseudo soll Depression (poss. wet, moor) anthropogen agricultural kettle hole (e.g. Marl pit)

Kettle hole types <1 ha (with water / without water)


Soll

40.000 in Mecklenburg (GEINITZ 1913)

90.000 in Mecklenburg (KLAFS 1967)

100.000 in northern Germany (JESCHKE 1987)

In plane survey sheets: 15.000 kettle holes in M-V 8.000 swampy depressions 15.000 marl pits (LIPPERT

2001)


Nearly 50% of the area

Extensive preliminary work

Source: Köhler, H.-J. (1996)VKLandLab_DLA_Dessau 58

Data modelKettle hole types

Spatial-/temporal relation Geometry (Area, Area with islands)

Derived measures: Area size, perimeter, centroid, shape factors, largestlength and width

Measured: depth Form parameters: round, elliptic, square, arbitrarely

Attributes Name Water regime: without, permanently wet, partially with water, permanently with

water Site characteristics: Soil, substrat, surrounding usage (acres, greenland, forest,

settlement) Environment: socialization/agglomeration (Single form, double form, group form

(not in row, in row)), neigborhood, function Siltation: not silted up, silted weak, strongly silted Vegetation: Aquatic plants, sedimentation plants, trees and shrubs at the edges,

woods in the middle, without vegetation Slope: steep sides, one side steep, flat sides

Relief Relief form, height, slope, slope length, position on a slope, curvature,

encatchment area size


Automated capturing from plane survey sheets – Color recognition

For plane survey sheets 69 tiles evaluated (from 151)

30.600 water filled kettle holes

60.000 water filled kettle holes estimated for Mecklenburg


Results tile 17_44

Tile 17_44(Satow in the north, Bützow in thesouth, Schwaan in the east)

Ground moraine area

Today 352 1888 519 1788 171


today 1888 1788 only

today 352 135 13 => 169

1888 519 33 => 316

1788 171 => 90

Conclusion

Cultural landscape research and education will change in e-Science

VKLandLab should establish modern cultural landscape research with historical maps and

recent geoinformation support embedding of many other data sources and document types offer an up-to-date collaboration platform for interdisciplinary research allow students to use most current technologies in education and

research

Demo access: user: vkll_demo password: vkll_demohttps://www.uni-rostock.de/index.php?id=vklandlab


Thanks to:


Prof. Dr.-Ing. Ralf BillRostock University18051 [email protected]/

Partners and students in this project

http://www.dfg.de/

Interdisciplinary research and education in a virtual ... · Interdisciplinary research and...

Documents

Transcript of Interdisciplinary research and education in a virtual ... · Interdisciplinary research and...