COMPUTER AIDED DESIGN I

AUTOCAD AND ILLUSTRATOR CSINSTRUCTORS:A. SANPHAWAT JATUPATWARANGKULA. NATTAPOL SUPHAWONGA. THEEPRAKORN LUNTHOMRATTANA

BITMAP IMAGES VS VECTOR GRAPHICSWORKING WITH BITMAP IMAGES AND VECTOR GRAPHICS

Computer graphics fall into two main categories--bitmap and vector. You can work with both types of graphics in Photoshop and ImageReady; moreover, a Photoshop file can contain both bitmap and vector data. Understanding the difference between the two categories helps as you create, edit, and import artwork.

Vector graphics are made up of mathematically defined lines and curves called vectors.This means that you can move, resize, or change the color of a line without losing the quality of the graphic.

VECTOR GRAPHICS

Vector graphics are resolution-independent--that is, they can be scaled to any size and printed at any resolution without losing detail or clarity.

As a result, vector graphics are the best choice for representing bold graphics that must retain crisp lines when scaled to various sizes (logos,for example).

Tools Box

Hidden tool

PalettesFromWindow

Menu Bar

SELECTION

GROUP OF COMMANDS

DRAWING,TEXT

TRANSFORM + ADJUSTMENT

CREATE SPECIAL OBJECT

PAINT + MODIFY

VIEWS

COLORS SECTION

Line Tool + Line Segment

Line Segment Tool

Arc Tool

Spiral Tool

Rectangular grid tool

Polar Grid Tool

Drag Line

<Alt> @ click point

Center

<~> @ click point

Lines Sequence follows mouse

<Shift> @ 45º

Line Tool + ARC

<F> Flip <C> End-close ARC

Line Tool + Spiral

< > Increase Segment < > Decrease Segment

<Space Bar> Move object

Line Tool + Rectangular Grid

<spacebar> move the gridor add or remove horizontal linesor key to add or remove vertical lines.

<F> or <V> to decrease or increase the horizontal skew<X> or <C> to decrease or increase the vertical skew

< > < >

<V> horizontal skew <F> horizontal skew <C> vertical skew <X> vertical skew

Line Tool + Polar Grid

<V> the radial dividers clockwise

<F> the radial dividers counterclockwise

<X> the concentric dividers inward

< > Increaseconcentric circles

< > Decrease concentric circles

< > Decrease radial lines

< > Increase radial lines

<C> the concentric dividers outward

Line Tool + Polar Grid

Shape tool + Rectangular and Rounded Rec.Rectangular Tool

Rounded Rectangular

Ellipse Tool

Polygon tool

Star Tool

Flare tool

<Shift> @ Square <Alt> @ center

+

<Shift> @ Square

+

<Alt> @ center < > Increase Rounded

< > Decrease Rounded

Shape tool + Ellipse and Polygon

<Shift> @ Circle <Alt> @ center

+

<Shift> @ Equal side < > Increase Side

< > Decrease Side

Shape tool + Star

< > Increase points < > Increase points<Shift>

constrain the tool to multiples of 45°

<Alt> @ keep the sides of the star straight. <Ctrl> @ hold the inner radius constant

Radius 1

Radius 2

Shape tool + Flare

Components of a flareA. Center handle B. End handle C. Rays (shown black for clarity) D. Halo E. Rings

< > Increase Ring< > Decrease Ring<Ctrl> @ hold the center of the flare constant.

Color + Fill and Stroke

Stroke

Fill

Add anchor Point Tool

Pen Tool Delete anchor Point Tool

Convert Point Tool

close the path

<Shift> @ 45º and 90º

Stroke

Fill

The first segment you draw will not be visible until you click a second anchor point. Also, if direction lines appear,you've accidentally dragged the Pen tool; choose Edit >Undo and click again.

Pen Tool + Straight line

Pen Tool + Curve line

Drawing the first point in a curveA. Positioning Pen tool B. Starting to drag (mouse button pressed)C. Dragging to extend direction lines

Drawing the second point in a curveA. Starting to drag second smooth point B. Dragging away from previous direction line, creating a "C" curveC. Result after releasing mouse button

Drawing an S curve A. Starting to drag new smooth point B. Dragging in same direction as previous direction line, creating an "S" curve C. Result after releasing mouse button

Pen Tool + Mixing curves, corners, and straight segments

Drawing a straight segment followed by a mixed segment (part 1)A. Straight segment completed B. Positioning Pen tool over endpoint C. Dragging direction point

Drawing a straight segment followed by a mixed segment (part 2) D. Repositioning the Pen tool E. Dragging direction point F. New curve segment completed

Drawing a curved segment followed by a straight segment (part 1)A. First smooth point of curved segment completed and Pen tool positioned over endpoint B. Dragging to complete the curve

Drawing a curved segment followed by a straight segment (part 2) C. Positioning Pen tool over existing endpoint D. Clicking endpoint E. Clicking next corner point

Selection

Direct selection

Selection + selection and direct selection tool

Selection

Direct selection

Direct selection

The Direct Selection tool lets you select individual anchor points or path segments by clicking on them, or select an entire object or group by selecting any other spot on the item. You can also select one or more objects in a group of objects

The Selection tool lets you select objects and groups by clicking any spot on them (or within them if the object or group is filled) or by dragging over them.

Selection + Lasso and Magic Wand

Selected Area

The Lasso tool lets you select objects, anchor points,or path segments by dragging around all or part of the object.

The Magic Wand tool lets you select objects of the same color, stroke weight, stroke color, opacity, or blending mode by clicking the object.

Paintbrush Tool

The Paintbrush tool lets you draw a path and apply a brush stroke simultaneously. Illustrator sets down anchor points as you draw; you do not determine where the anchor points are positioned. However, you can adjust them once the path is complete.

Pencil Tool

The Pencil tool lets you draw open and closed paths as if you were drawing with a pencil on paper. It is most useful for fast sketching or creating a hand-drawn look. Once you draw a path, you can immediately change it if needed.

Using the Smooth tool A. Original path B. Dragging across path with the Smooth tool C. Result

Type toolArea Type Tool

Type Tool Type on Path

Vertical Type

Vert.Area Type

Vertical Type on Path

Area type uses the boundaries of an object to control the flow of characters. When the type reaches a boundary, it automatically wraps to fit inside the defined area. Entering type this way is useful when you want to create one or more paragraphs of text, such as for a brochure.

Point type is a horizontal or vertical line of type that begins where you click on the artboard and expands as you enter characters. Entering type this way is useful for adding a few words to your artwork.

Type on a path flows along the edge of an open or a closed path. The path can be regularly or irregularly shaped. Entering horizontal type on a path results in characters that are parallel to the baseline. Entering vertical type on a path results in characters that are perpendicular to the baseline.

Type tool

Font

Font Style

Font Size Leading

Kerning Tracking

Horizontal Scale

Vertical Scale

Baseline Shift

Character Rotation

Language

Fill

Stroke

Type tool

Path type effects A. Rainbow B. Skew C. 3D Ribbon D. Stair Step E. Gravity

Type tool

Important: If the layer contains multiple type objects, move any that you don't want to wrap around the wrap object either into another layer or above the wrap object.

Original Wrap Object

Invert Wrap Object

Create outlineThe Create Outlines command (and the same command as an effect--Outline Object) lets you turn type into a set of compound paths that you can edit and manipulate as you would any other graphic object. Create Outlines and Outline Object are useful for changing the look of large display type,but they are rarely useful for body text or other type at small sizes.

These commands get font outline information from the actual font files installed on your system.When you create outlines from type, characters are converted in their current positions; they retain all graphics formatting such as their stroke and fill.

Original Create Outline

Modify object

Note: You can't convert bitmap fonts or outline-protected fonts to outlines.

When you convert type to outlines, the type loses its hints--instructions built into outline fonts to adjust their shape so that your system displays or prints them optimally at a wide range of sizes. Therefore, if you plan to scale the type,do so by adjusting its point size before converting it to outlines.

You must convert all the type in a selection to outlines; you cannot convert a single letter within a string of type. To convert a single letter into an outline,create a separate piece of type containing only that letter. 12