YORK trip 3TVWOApril 12-17 2015

RSG Slingerbos|Levant

Harderwijk|Zeewolde

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Dear parents and students,

In this booklet you will find all the information about the York trip from April 12th (SUNDAY!!) until April 17th 2015. If you have any further questions after reading this information, please don’t hesitate to contact us. There will also be an information evening for the parents on March 30th.

We hope we will have a good and interesting week!

Sonja van Harten

Hanna Nieuwdorp

Jeroen van Leeuwen

Jeroen Bernardus

Table of Contents

The Programme.............................................................................................................................. 3

Contact information...................................................................................................................... 5

General information...................................................................................................................... 5

Cabin groups................................................................................................................................... 7

What to pack?................................................................................................................................. 8

The rules .......................................................................................................................................... 8

Assignments.................................................................................................................................... 9

Information about program and assignments.................................................................15

Notes...................................................................................................................................................................... 34

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The Programme

(Please allow for last minute time changes)

Sunday April 12th:

15:30 Gather at RSG Slingerbos, Eisenhowerlaan 59, Harderwijk. No separate stop in Zeewolde!!

16:00 Departure bus to Rotterdam

20:00 Departure boat to Hull

Monday April 13th:

8:00 (local times from here) Arrival at Hull

9:00 Bus to Flamborough Head

11:00-13:00 Coastal Walk from North Landing to South Landing

14:00 Whitby

16:00 Leave for York

18:00 Meeting host families at meeting point in York

Tuesday April 14th:

8:00 Pick up students at meeting points York

9:30 York Minster: guided tour

12:00-13:00 Lunch in York (packed lunch)

13:00-15:00 Student tours through York (prepared assignment)

15:00-17:30 Free time in York, also time to go shopping for ‘tea cup’ (for activity on Thursday)

18:00 Meeting host families at meeting point

Wednesday April 15th:

8:00 Pick up students at meeting points York

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10:30-13:15 National Coal Mining Museum

14:00-16:00 Armley Mills

18:00 Meeting host families at meeting point

Thursday April 16th:

8:00 Pick up students at meeting points York. Students must bring thermos with hot tea!!

10:00-13:00 Castle Howard, incl. tea party during lunch. Bring thermos with hot tea!

14:00 Fish&Chips ‘lunch’ in Scarborough + free time

16:00 Departure for Hull

20:00 Departure boat for Rotterdam

Friday April 17th:

8:00 (local time from here) Arrival in Rotterdam

12:00 Arrival in Harderwijk. Students will call home as soon as we get back in Rotterdam to give estimated time of arrival in H’wijk.

Rest of the day: sleep…

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Contact informationTeachers

Jeroen van Leeuwen 0031 612607774 j.vanleeuwen@rsgsl.nl

Jeroen Bernardus 0031 653723773 j.bernardus@rsgsl.nl

Hanna Nieuwdorp 0031 636120804 h.nieuwdorp@rsgsl.nl

Sonja van Harten 0031 624985420 s.vanharten@rsgsl.nl

RSG Slingerbos 0341-414484

General information

Passport or ID Both a passport and an ID are valid travel documents for Great Britain. An ID is usually cheaper. If your son/daughter still needs to get a passport or ID, please do so as soon as possible: it can take a few weeks to get one from city hall. Students will need to have their passport/ID with them at all times during the trip. They are responsible for its safe keeping .

Insurance The school has a general travel insurance during trips, covering all students. However, it might be wise to give your son/daughter their own health insurance pass during the trip.

Money Students don’t need a lot of cash during the trip. They will have some free time here and there, and they are free to go shopping for gifts, souvenirs, food, coffee, etc. It is cheaper to go to an ATM in York than to get GBPs at the bank here. To use ATMs in Great Britain, they do need a debit card that works outside the Netherlands. Not all junior debit cards allow that. Please check before departure.

Staying in a host family The students will stay in commercial host families. This means we, the school, do not know these families. However, we’ve done this many times before and in our experience it usually works out fine. In case of problems, we can always solve them on the spot with the local representative of the host family organisation, or if need be, with our travel agent. The students can always contact the teachers in case of problems. We ask the students to direct complaints about

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their host family to us, and to not discuss these issues with the host families directly. It is always nice if students bring a small, typically Dutch, gift (stroopwafels, kaassschaaf, etc) for the host family. Picture of their family, their pets, hobbies, etc. work really well to get the conversation going when you arrive in your host family. Students are expected to respect the house rules of the host family.

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Cabin groups

Girls: Boys:Heather van Gool Philip van NederpeltVera Buis Max DijkmanAmber van Beek NickBakkerElodie Bergsma Siebe Tjebbes

Leanne Heuwekemeijer Max RisseeuwJoelle Klaui TarikTekeliHanne den Biesen Ali Akram Ali Al-KaabiTessa ter Haar Luc van Noort

Nikki Stekelenburg Jesse HopSusanne vdBrink Jiri VosMaura Rietveld Thomas HambergIrisNoordijk Jelle Stolk

JuliaAppelman Rienk FidderNienkeGoosensen LucDeevesRomee Los Wessel BoonenMirteGroen Enzo Keuning

Kaylee Fung Luko HelmichAnna Keers Lodewijk BakkerFelicia Erftemeijer Wout Voormeulen

Bas van der VeenIndra HavemanNadia Murady Comar Beulens

Jasper KoehorstTom BrinkSymen Korthof

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What to pack?- passport / identity card, also upload a copy on the ELO!

- cell phone that works abroad, plus charger, plus plug that works in Britain

- a debit card (pinpas) that works abroad (or British Pounds) so that you can buy a souvenir (money is only needed for personal expenses)

- lunch for Monday!!

- thermos (thermoskan)

- camera

- medication

- travel sickness pills and paracetamol

- gift for host family

- regular clothes

- walking shoes for lots of walking (and cute heels for the disco on board)

- toiletries

- pictures of your family, pet, hobbies, etc.

- your favourite pyjamas, stuffed animal, homesickness pills (red for missing dad, white for missing mom)

The rules ...- the host family sets the rules

- the teachers are always right

- no smoking, drinking alcohol, drugs, energy drinks

- speak English at all times

- participate in the program

- be on time

- think before you act

- behave

- be polite

- be your usual lovely selves

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AssignmentsDuring the York trip there is really only ONE assignment you have to do… but it is a big assignment

During the York-trip you have to create a travel blog, using Mapquest (http://travelblogs.mapquest.com). There is also a free app for iPhones you can use for this, which works off line. You can also use other travelblog-apps, but make sure it also works off line. If you do not have a device, bring a camera and a notebook in which you take notes, or take notes in a note taking-app on your device. You can then create your Mapquest Travelblog when you get back home. YOU MUST BE ABLE TO SHOW THE BLOG TO TEACHERS DURING THE TRIP at any moment, on paper or digitally. So make sure you ALWAYS have your smart phone or your notebook and camera with you during ALL activities. And make sure you add entries EVERY DAY of EVERY ACTIVITY during the trip. That will also save you time after you come home.

On the website of Mapquest, you can create a free account. Click on ‘create a blog’ and follow the directions. Also see the Mapquest Instructions on ELO. When you have a smartphone, start your travel blog BEFORE YOU LEAVE, so it is easy to add texts and pictures while you are in York.

You have to share your travel blog with the teachers, using their email addresses (use the button ‘add subscribers’):

s.vanharten@rsgsl.nl

j.bernardus@rsgsl.nl

j.vanleeuwen@rsgsl.nl

h.nieuwdorp@rsgsl.nl

It is also a nice idea to invite your parents to your blog (you can do this before you leave as well, so they can see what you’re doing during the trip;) .

Your travel blog needs to be finished at a time specified during, or shortly after, the trip. We will tell you the deadline when we are on our way back home from York.

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What do you need to do?

For each day, for each activity, starting on Sunday when we leave, you need to record your actions, thoughts, visions, etc. Here are some general MINIMAL (so you can do more) and some SPECIFIC guidelines (in italics, these texts should be a bit longer…):

Sunday, trip to GB:

- 2 text entries of min 50 words each.- 5 pictures

Monday, Flamborough Head/Whitby/meeting host family:

- 5 text entries of min 50 words each.o Flamborough Head: content-based geographical survey of

environmental features. Use what you have learned in Geography class. See info below.

o Whitby: Bram Stoker wrote his ‘Dracula’-story here. Explain how this

town fits in the Dracula-story, how Stoker was inspired by the town. See info below.

Try a ‘fried Mars-bar’ (or other fried chocolate bar): go to the snackbar across the bridge (on the left) and try this typically English treat. Do you like it?

o Te cup-hunt: you will need a (cheap) typically English tea cup for a tea party we will have Thursday. In your free time, see if you can buy a cheap tea cup somewhere. There are lots of second hand/charity shops around.

o Meeting your host family: introduce your host family, how many members does it have, how do they live, etc.

- 5 pictures:o Flamborough Head, to go with the Geography assignment.o Proof of fish-and-chips or deep-fried-candybar luncho Proof of buying tea cupo Dracula-story pictures to support your Dracula-text (be creative )o One other picture, free choice (host family?)

Tuesday, York Minster, student tours York, tea cup hunt :

- 4 text entries of min 50 words each.o York Minster: likes and dislikes of the tour, York Minster, etc. o Student touro Tea cup?o what you talked about with your hosts and how that went: what were

the topic, how easy was it to talk to them, what did you think of your English, what did they think of your English, how easy/difficult was it to keep the conversation going, etc. (CFEC EIO-2.1.1/2.1.3/2.2.3/2.3.2/2.4.2/2.5.3/3.1.3)

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- 4 pictures:o York Minstero Student touro Tea cup?o Free choice

Wednesday, National Coal Mining Museum, Armley Mills :

- 3 text entries of min 50 words each:o National Coal Mining Museum: likes and dislikeso Armley Mills: describe a day in the life of a person who lived in the

time of the Industrial Revolution. Use what you see in Armley Mills in your story: items, houses, clothing, etc.

o Free entry- 3 pictures of activities you did today:

o National Coal Mining Museum: illustrate your text entryo Armley Mills: illustrate your text entryo Free choice

Thursday, Castle Howard, Tea party, Poetry competition, Scarborough:

- 5 text entries of min 50 wordso inside Castle Howardo poem which you will recite in gardens of Castle Howard (group

assignment) for the poetry competitiono new verse+video to song ‘Are you going to Scarborough Fair’o how daily life in a British family is structured. (CFEC EIO-2.2.1)o how family and friendship relations in Great Britain work. (CFEC EIO-

2.3.1). Ask your hosts about this: how often do they see their relatives, do they live nearby or further away, how typical of an English family would they say they are and why.

- 5 pictureso inside Castle Howardo gardens Castle Howardo Poetry competitiono Fish&Chips Scarborougho British daily life

Friday, arrival back home:

- 4 text entries of min 50 words;o how easy/difficult was it to adapt to the rules and customs of the host

family? Was it very different from your life in a Dutch family? If so, how

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was it different? How comfortable did you feel in a British hostfamily? (CFEC EIO-2.4.3/2.5.2/3.2.3/3.3.2)

o what you have learned that you would not have learned in school (CFEC EIO-4.1.1)

o how you can use what you have learned during this trip in your school learning/results (CFEC EIO-4.2.1/4.3.1)

o what skills/knowledge you would like to improve as an ‘international citizen’. (CFEC EIO-4.4.1)

o 1 picture

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If your Travel Blog does NOT meet our standards, you will have to write an essay in the week after trip:

Evaluation of staying in host family:

Write an essay in which you explain:

o what you talked about with your hosts and how that went: what were the topic, how easy was it to talk to them, what did you think of your English, what did they think of your English, how easy/difficult was it to keep the conversation going, etc. (CFEC EIO-2.1.1/2.1.3/2.2.3/2.3.2/2.4.2/2.5.3/3.1.3)

o how daily life in a British family is structured. (CFEC EIO-2.2.1)o how family and friendship relations in Great Britain work. (CFEC EIO-2.3.1).

Ask your hosts about this: how often do they see their relatives, do they live nearby or further away, how typical of an English family would they say they are and why.

o how easy/difficult was it to adapt to the rules and customs of the host family? Was it very different from your life in a Dutch family? If so, how was it different? How comfortable did you feel in a British hostfamily? (CFEC EIO-2.4.3/2.5.2/3.2.3/3.3.2)

o what you have learned that you would not have learned in school (CFEC EIO-4.1.1)

o how you can use what you have learned during this trip in your school learning/results (CFEC EIO-4.2.1/4.3.1)

o what skills/knowledge you would like to improve as an ‘international citizen’. (CFEC EIO-4.4.1)

Remember, an essay has an

o introduction: introduce your topic/main questiono core: answer your sub questionso conclusion: answer your main question

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Information about program and assignments

Flamborough Head

Flamborough Head is a headland that juts out 10 kilometres into the North Sea on the Yorkshire coast. It is famous for its chalk cliffs, up to 130 metres in height, which are home to many sea birds, such as gannets, guillemots and puffins. It is no wonder then that the majority of visitors are birdwatchers. Other visitors include archaeologists who come to investigate many historic sites on the headland and geologists who come to study the fossils that can be found in the chalk cliffs.

The most striking aspect of Flamborough Head are the white chalk cliffs that surround it. As chalk is a relatively soft rock the cliffs are continually being eroded by the sea. Above the chalk at the top of the cliffs is a layer of boulder clay left behind by glaciers in the last Ice Age. As the cliffs below are worn away by the action of the waves, the clay soil often falls into the sea in huge landslips.

The formation of a stack at Flamborough Head

layers of chalk

fault

cave

layers of chalk

layers of chalk

arch stack

1. Waves erode a cave at a weak point in the cliffs

2. Waves break through the cliff to form an arch

3. Top of the arch collapses to form a stack in the sea

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The sea attacks the coast around the headland in two ways. Waves beat against the vertical cliffs and, at the high water line, weak points in the chalk are worn away into caves. The weakest points are where vertical cracks or fault lines have appeared in the horizontal beds of chalk. At places on the cliffs where the chalk juts out, these caves are worn away into rock arches. If the top of an arch collapses, the result is a pillar of chalk cut off from the rest of the headland - this is called a stack. Flamborough Head has many caves and arches, as well as a few stacks. The process of erosion that has created them can take hundreds of years to do its work.

Below the high water line, the sea erodes the headland by constantly beating small rocks and rock particles against the land. This erosion has made a flat rock platform, called a scar, which extends out into the sea. When the tide is out, this platform has many rock pools in which crabs and other small sea creatures can be found.

What’s in a Name?

The meaning is as disputed as the spelling, but 'Flamburg' does not mean 'Flame Town' despite the fact that Flamborough has the oldest surviving lighthouse in

Chalk Cliffs

Chalk CliffsStack

Stack

Wave Cut PlatformArch

Arch

North Sea

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England, built in 1674, and - oddly - a mile inland and never used. The Vikings probably gave Flamborough its name, as Flam is a Norse word for a spit or tongue of land jutting into the sea, so essentially the name means, rather mundanely, the town on the bit of sticking-out land.

Flamborough is separated from the rest of England by Danes' Dyke, an artificial earthwork supposedly thrown up by the Danes to protect their settlement. However, the earthwork dates back at least 200 years before the Vikings arrived and some believe that the Saxon King Ida built the earth work and used Flamborough Head as a base camp before moving north to found the kingdom of Bernicia.

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Whitby

Whitby, steeped in history, lies twenty miles north of Scarborough. The key to its success is the towns position at the mouth of the river Esk – a safe haven for shipping. The old town of Whitby huddles at the foot of the church stairs. The houses back up the cliff, with narrow alleyways leading down to the harbour. The town dates back to Roman times, when a signal station is believed to have been built here. But its history really began just over 1300 years ago, with the founding of the original abbey by King Oswy of Northumberland.

The most prominent feature of Whitby is the Abbey, whose gaunt ruins stand above the old town. Part of the church still stands as a vivid monument to the Benedictine monks whose community was finally closed down by Henry VIII in 1539.

The first monastery was laid waste by Viking raiders in the 9th century, and then rebuilt shortly after the Norman Conquest. Further extensive damage to the Abbey was recorded in 1914 when German surface raiders slipped across the North Sea and bombarded the towns of Scarborough, Whitby and Hartlepool.

Another famous Whitby landmark is the 199 steps that connect the parish church St. Mary (one of the finest examples of Anglo Saxon churches in the country) on the cliff top to the town below. These ‘church stairs’ were first mentioned over six hundred years ago, and in 1717 were still wooden. It’s a good climb from Church Street below to the church itself, and there are still resting places at regular intervals – no doubt the pallbearers would have particularly appreciated these when a funeral was underway.

Captain Cook

In the old town you can find shops and beyond Church Street, in Grape Lane, the Captain Cook museum. In 1746 the house belonged to Captain John Walker. It was in this year that he took on an apprentice, the 17-year-old James Cook.

James Cook (1728-1779) was a British navigator and one of the world's greatest explorers. He commanded three voyages to the Pacific Ocean and sailed around the world twice. Cook became the first European to visit Hawaii and Australia's east coast. His voyages led to the establishment of colonies throughout the Pacific region by several European nations. Cook was killed during a violent quarrel on the beach at Kealakekue Bay, following the theft of a boat from "The Discovery".

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His monument on the West Cliff, was unveiled in 1923. At the seaward end of the quay is the Kyber Pass which provides road and foot access to West Cliff where you will find the Cook- memorial and a whalebone arch.

A whalebone arch is a reminder that Whitby was once the main whaling port for the North of England. In 1786 for example, 20 whaling ships left Whitby for the whaling waters of Greenland. They returned with barrels packed with blubber, where it was rendered down to oil making a fearful stench. You will be rewarded for your climb with panoramic views over the town of Whitby and the coast towards Sandsend.

With such close links to the sea it is no surprise that Fish & Chips is a local speciality. This seaside dish is best accompanied by a portion of mushy peas. If you don't fancy fish and chips maybe you could go in search of the elusive Deep Fried Mars !! – over the bridge on the left hand side.

… titillate your taste buds and have fun.

Dracula…

It was whilst on a summer vacation in the town in 1890 that Bram Stoker chose Whitby to figure quite centrally in a significant section of his novel:

'The houses of the old town . . . are all red-roofed, and seemed piled up one over the

other ...'

' Between it and the town there is another church, the parish one, round which is a big graveyard, all full of tombstones'

. . . so wrote Bram Stoker ( 1847-1912 ) in his famous horror novel 'Dracula'

If you want to visit the church and graveyard, go to St. Mary’s. The churchyard is full of tombstones, there are hundreds of them, mostly of sandstone. In their exposed position on the cliff-top, they've been weathered over hundreds of years by fierce

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storms blowing in from the North Sea, so much so that most of the wording carved into their faces is no longer legible.

This is where Whitby gave Bram Stoker the inspiration to write Dracula!

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Tea cup hunt

On Wednesday we are having a tea party – or high tea. Before then you have to find a tea cup. See examples.

It is not our intention that you pay a lot for your tea cup. Your best bet is to try charity hops or bargain shops. Whitby and York are full of them. Some shops are easy to find, others you may stumble upon by accident. In Whitby there are a four or five charity shops on Baxtergate, behind New Quay Road. Don’t delay – go straight away!

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York

York is a historic walled city at the confluence of the rivers Ouse and Foss in North Yorkshire, England, and is the traditional county town of Yorkshire to which it gives its name. The city has a rich heritage and has provided the backdrop to major political events in England throughout much of its two millennia of existence. The city offers a wealth of historic attractions, of which York Minster is the most prominent, and a variety of cultural and sporting activities making it a popular tourist destination for millions.

The city was founded by the Romans as Eboracum in 71 AD. It became the capital of the Roman province of Britannia Inferior, and later of the kingdoms of Northumbria and Jorvik. In the Middle Ages, York grew as a major wool trading centre and became the capital of the northern ecclesiastical province of the Church of England, a role it has retained.In the 19th century, York became a hub of the railway network and a confectionery manufacturing centre. In recent decades, the economy of York has moved from being dominated by its confectionery and railway-related industries to one that provides services. The University of York and health services have become major employers, whilst tourism has become an important element of the local economy.

From 1996, the term City of York describes a unitary authority area which includes rural areas beyond the old city boundaries. In 2011 the urban area had a population of 153,717, while in 2010 the entire unitary authority had an estimated population of 202,400. (source: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/York)

York Minster

York Minster’s history began in 627AD when King Edwin of Northumbria was baptised in a simple wooden church at York within the site of the old Roman fort. The wooden church was rebuilt in stone and completed by King Oswald but the bishop’s seat was transferred for a time to Lindisfarne. The minster was rebuilt again in 664AD and again after a fire in 741AD. It was eventually destroyed during the Norman siege of the city in 1069.

The present York Minster was built from 1220 and the old Norman cathedral was dismantled in stages as Gothic additions (pointed arches and rich

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decoration) were made over the course of more than 250 years. The only remains of the Norman Cathedral at York are below ground level in the minster crypt.

The white appearance is due to the (Oolitic) limestone from which it is made. The Minster has the highest proportion of Medieval stained glass of any European cathedral. The magnificent Rose Window known as the Heart of Yorkshire.

The interior of the tower York Minster has three towers, the two west towers holding bells and clock chimes. The north-west tower contains Great Peter (11 tons) and the six clock bells (the largest weighing just over 3 tons). The south-west tower holds 14 bells ( approx. 3 tons each) hung for change ringing and 11 chiming bells (approx 1 ton each) which are rung from a clavier in the ringing chamber. The clock bells ring every quarter of an hour during the daytime and Great Peter strikes the hour.

York Minster's Central Tower, also known as the Lantern Tower, built between 1407 and 1433, stands more than 230 feet - the height of a 23-story building, and weighs 16,000 metric tonnes - the weight of 40 jumbo jets! Anyone up to climbing the 275 steps to the top can enjoy close up views and overviews of York Minsters pinnacles, gargoyles and carvings.

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While at York Minster we will have a guided tour of the Minster itself and be given a talk about the Minster’s history and construction.

Fire at the Minster!

Early in the morning of 9th July 1984 the alarm was raised that York Minster was on fire. It took around 150 fire fighters from across North Yorkshire two hours to bring the blaze under control.

“That particular Sunday evening my wife and I were standing in the back bedroom watching lightning. At around midnight the phone went and it was the Minster policeman. He said 'Bob, I've got a fire'

In what seemed a very short time the flames were bursting through the vaulted ceiling, timbers were falling and molten lead was coming down. By about four in the morning the whole of the roof collapsed. That was quite a time because I was down below with the firemen and we were trying to put out these blazing timbers as they fell.”

Quite what started the fire in York Minster's South Transept isn't known for sure. Many explanations have been put forward from UFOs to divine intervention following the installation of controversial clergyman the Rt Revt David Jenkins as Bishop of Durham. But for those seeking a more rational worldly explanation, it's believed the cathedral was struck by lightning shortly after midnight. That night many remember watching spectacular lightning storms light the sky above York.

Bob Littlewood, Superintendent of works at the time, believes the lightning earthed through an electrical panel in the roof void, starting the fire. The fire alarm wasn't activated immediately, possibly as a result of electrical damage to the system, although the fire detection system was criticised for being inadequate. The large

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quantities of tinder dry oak in the roof burned well, and hot. A great deal of stonework was seriously damaged, as was the famous Rose Window. It's known the Rose Window itself reached temperatures of around 450 degrees centigrade.

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National Coal Mining Museum

Get kitted out with your miner's helmet and battery lamp then step into the cage and descend 140m underground to discover the amazing story of mining through the ages. Led by ex-miners, these hugely popular tours will give you a vivid insight into the dangers and hardships faced by the men, women and children who toiled underground.Above ground, you can explore the original colliery buildings including the steam winder, medical centre and pithead baths, then dig deeper into the history of coal-mining in the 1842 and Coal Interface Galleries.Get to the heart of mining communities, homes and family life in Mining Lives and, on selected days, listen to our living history characters telling their lively stories and fascinating facts. At Hope Pit, the fully-restored colliery buildings are home to lots of hands-on interactive models and touch-screen displays to help you get to grips with the science of mining.If the sun is shining, take a walk around the ½ mile long Nature Trail, where the trees and flowers are ‘springing' into life and don't miss a visit to the Stables - meet the ponies - Finn, Eric and Ernie and find out about the vital role they've played in mining through the years.

See more at:

http://www.yorkshireattractions.org/visitor-attractions/4/national-coal-mining-museum-for-england-wakefield#sthash.7bnu9ooQ.dpuf

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Armley Mills

Armley Mills contains exhibits from the 18th century to the present day and tells the history of manufacturing in Leeds, including textiles, clothing, printing and engineering. The galleries and collections tell the story of a number of industries that have shaped the city we know and love today, from the recreated Victorian cottages through to the waterwheel.Visit the textile gallery, the milling room and fulling mill to find out more about Leeds' connection with the wool and cloth industries.

Leeds has a long history of involvement in the wool trade and its position as a centre of the cloth trade was greatly enhanced by the opening of navigable waterways, the Aire and Calder Navigation in 1690 and the Leeds/Liverpool Canal in 1700, which provided a direct link between Leeds and its customers and suppliers in Europe, Australia and the Americas.

In 1801 there were about 20 factories in Leeds, not all of them textile mills. By about 1838 there were 106 woollen mills alone, employing 10,000 people transforming Leeds into a major city.  The new mills replaced traditional skilled operatives creating extremes of wealth alongside poverty, cultural opportunities alongside environmental devastation, learning alongside ignorance. 

Working conditions in the mills were unregulated and frequently appalling. In one notorious case in 1832 a child died in a Leeds mill when he was not allowed to stop work to go to the toilet.

For those of you with a keen interest in steam power and engineering, we have exhibitions showcasing our collection of large and small engines, machine tools and road vehicles galleries and best of all, a super collection of locomotives including the well-known and loved working engine, 'Jack'.

The demand for machinery and equipment produced by the textile industry created opportunities for engineers in Leeds. One of the first was Matthew Murray, who produced textile machinery, steam engines and locomotives, including the world's first commercially successful steam locomotive.  During the nineteenth century many small, and some giant, engineering companies grew in Leeds, exporting locomotives, cranes, traction engines and other heavy engineering products around the nation and around the globe.

Leeds was central to the concept of ready-made clothing, garments that you bought off the peg that we know and recognise today.  Explore the tailoring gallery, the 'Unzipped' and Hainsworth galleries and of course the 'Behind the Seams' exhibition for more.

In the second half of the nineteenth century the woollen industry  in Leeds declined in the face of competition from other growing towns like Bradford. Another textile related industry appeared to take its place, often in the mills abandoned by the woollen manufacturers - ready made clothing. The inspiration behind this new industry came from John Barran. Barran came up with the revolutionary idea of off the peg, ready-made clothing.  The industry flourished in Leeds with a number of companies involved who later  became household names, such as Burtons and Hepworths.A very famous Leeds printing company was John Waddington Ltd, which started life printing posters for the theatre around 1900 and then diversified into games and packaging, most notably Monopoly!

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The first known printer in Leeds was John Hirst who in 1718 began printing the 'Leeds Mercury' newspaper. In 1810 there were still only eight printing houses in Leeds but in the next decade the numbers mushroomed. By 1911 printing was the fourth largest employer in Leeds, employing 8000 people in a number of small and large printing houses.

Did you know that the world’s first ever moving image was filmed in Leeds?

Leeds has an interesting history with the world of film and photography.  Find out more about the story of Louise le Prince, his life and interesting death and explore the fantastic collection of original cameras.

Armley Mills Museum has one of the smallest working 1920s cinemas in the world that you can take a seat in and enjoy a black and white film during your visit.

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Castle Howard, Tea Party, and Poetry assignment

Built in 1699 by the architect Sir John Vanbrugh, Castle Howard is one of Britain's finest stately homes. Located in the beautiful Howardian Hills, fifteen miles northeast of York, it is still the private home of the Howard family.

The house itself is distinguished by its famous dome. Indoors there are enormous collections of art treasures. Outdoors there are temples and lead statues.

The construction of Castle Howard began in 1699. It took more than a hundred years to complete, spanning the lifetimes of three Earls and numerous architects and craftsmen.

The Castle is decorated with lots of statues, coats of arms, a frieze of sea horses and urns

Tragedy struck on the morning of 9 November 1940, when fire broke out in the South-East Wing and swept through the house into the Great Hall, destroying the dome and nearly twenty rooms. For the next few years much of Castle Howard was open to the skies, its once splendid rooms gutted shells. Fortunately, castle Howard was restored and is today home to the family and receives nearly 200 000 visitors a year.

The original design of the house

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The park, as it stands today, was created from rough grazing land, and many of the trees that can be seen were planted around 1705.

1700 Work began to design the grounds. The primary concern was to supply the household kitchens with vegetables.

1705 Work began planting 600 lime trees, 300 chestnut trees and 60 English oaks.

1715 The South parterre laid out in Grass and planted with obelisks, urns and statues.

1850 The South Parterre was changed around a geometrical pattern with the Atlas Fountain ar the centre.

1890 The 9th Countess Rosalind planted the grass terraces and yew hedges still visible today.

Fact File

In 1850, 25 gardeners were employed in the Walled Garden to produce supplies for the household kitchen.

In 2001, 7 gardeners are employed to maintain the grounds, lawns and rose gardens

It will take three gardeners three days to cut the grass at Castle Howard. In the height of the season this is a continuous task.

There are five miles of yew hedges. They are cut once a year, a job that takes 5 weeks. The clippings are dried and sent to Germany for Cancer Research.

There are eight miles of lawn edges to be edged. The Oak Trees planted in the Car Park are 400 years old and pre-date the

building of Castle Howard. They are part of an original planting which would have been planted at the time of Henderskelfe Castle.

We will have time to visit the house and gardens, enjoy the views and have a tea in the park! Oh, and there is a poetry competition too!

Poetry assignment

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Poetry competition assignment

We hope that these beautiful surroundings have

a creative effect on you. The group that comes up with the most brilliant, gooey poem that brings tears to our eyes wins a small prize that will make the tea even better.

…and what better place to read the poems than in the gardens themselves, next to the Atlas fountain, in the shadow of the house.

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Scarborough Song assignment

Scarborough Fair-lyrics

Are you goin' to Scarborough Fair? Parsley, sage, rosemary, and thyme.Remember me to one who lives there, she once was a true love of mine.

Tell her to make me a cambric shirtParsley, sage, rosemary, and thyme Without no seams nor needlework Then she'll be a true love of mine .

Tell her to find me an acre of land Parsley, sage, rosemary, and thyme Between salt water and the sea strands Then she'll be a true love of mine.

Tell her to reap it in a sickle of leather Parsley, sage, rosemary, and thyme And gather it all in a bunch of heather Then she'll be a true love of mine.

Are you going to Scarborough Fair? Parsley, sage, rosemary, and thyme.Remember me to one who lives there, she once was a true love of mine.

The song relates the tale of a young man who instructs the listener to tell his former girlfriend to perform a number of impossible tasks. Only if she manages to complete these tasks, he will take her back. The lyrics of this song are said to originate from the 17th century. Nowadays most people know the version sang by Simon & Garfunkel and you might have heard it before when you were listening to the top-2000 between Christmas and New Year’s Eve.

Your assignment for during our visit to Scarborough will be to think of another verse and a new task for the desperate lover. Keep the second (Parsley, sage, rosemary and thyme) and fourth (Then she’ll be a true love of mine) line as it is.

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Once you thought of a new verse, you start shooting a video in which one of your group members impersonates executing the task described in your verse. Try to make use of the Scarborough scenery! Upload the text of the verse AND the video to your travelblog.

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Notes

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