PREPARED BY:

ALAADDIN IBRAHIMY

(Information Technology)

IT

The Information Technology Association of America has defined Information Technology (IT) as "the study, design, development, implementation, support or management of computer-based information systems, particularly software applications and computer hardware."

What is IT?

IT ( information technology ) is divided into 4 periods:-

1) Premechanical ( age:- 3000 BC – 1450 AD )

2) Mechanical ( age:- 1450 – 1840 )3) Electromechanical ( age:- 1840 – 1940 )4) Electronic ( age:- 1940 – Present

)

History of IT

The first CALCULATORS:The ABACUS, one of the very first information

processors

1) Premechanical age:

SLIDE RULE : Slide Rule is an early example of analog

computer.

2) Mechanical age :

Blasé Pascal:

Blasé Pascal was the first one, who invented the first mechanical machine, which was called PASCALINE ( the Pascal machine)

And he worked on it from 1623 – 1662.

Pascaline:

The Pascaline front

The Pascaline rear view

Charles Babbage:The first computer

designer and father of computer.

Augusta Ada Byron:

The first programmer of computer.

Herman Hollerith and IBM: Early punch card was invented

by the Herman Hollerith and

IBM ( International Business

Machines Corporation )

3) Electromechanical age:

Electronic Numerical Integrator and Computer (ENIAC):The First High-Speed, General-Purpose Computer Using Vacuum Tubes

4) The Electronic Age:

Universal Automatic Computer (UNIVAC): The First General-Purpose Computer for Commercial

Use.

What is Computer? Computer is an

electronic device that can interpret and execute programmed commands for input, process out put, computation and logic operations. Computer may be technically complex, but they are conceptually simple.

Types Of Computers

A) According to SIZE:1) Main frame

computers

2) Mini computers

3) Super computers

4) Micro(pc) computers

B) According to FUNCTION:1) Analog

Computers

2) Digital Computers

3) Hybrid Computers

A) According to SIZE:1) Main

frame

computers:

are the biggest computers and mostly used by ministries and very big companies.

2) Mini computers:

Mini computers are medium size and are used in companies.

3) Super computer:

Super computers are the most expensive ,powerful and fast computers that is mostly used in insurance companies and banks.

4) Micro computers

PC compu

ters

Desktop

computers

PDA compute

rs

Laptop

computers

a) Desk top computers:

b) Lap top computers:

c) PDA(personal digital assistance):

Computer parts:-Computer is made of 15 - 25 parts.

1) Mother board

2) CPU (central processing unit)

3) HDD(Hard Disc Drive)

NOTE: Internal Hard disc is divided in 3 parts.

Internal HDD External HDD

a) PATA HDDIts capacity is 40 – 80 GB, and its platter turning speed is 3600 – 7200 GHZ per second.

b) SATA HDD

Its capacity is 40 – 250 GB, and its platter turning speed is 8000 – 12000 GHZ per second.

C) Scazi HDDIts capacity is 40 – 2000 GB, and its platter turning speed is 15000 – 21000 GHZ per second.And it is mostly used for the Server computers.

RAM

SD Ram DDR Ram

DDR1 DDR2 DDR3

RD Ram

4) RAM(Random Acces Memory)

a) SD RAM

b) RD RAM

C) DDR RAM

DDR1

DDR2

DDR3

5) Floppy and Floppy Drive

Floppy diskFloppy room

Flashes are the new and modern type of memories that store a specific amount of data.

6) USB Flash

7) CD( Campact disc) and DVD(Digital video disc) Room

8) Monitor

Monitor

LCD CRT

Simple Flat Flatron

a) LCD(liquid Crystal Display)Monitors

b) CRT( Cathod Ray Tube ) monitor

9) Keyboard Simple keyboards

Multimedia keyboards

Wireless keyboards

10) Mouse

11) Printer

12) Scanner

13) Webcame

14) Modem

External modem

Internal modem

15) LAN(Local Area Network) Card

We use LAN card to connect Two or more computers together. (networking)

16) Sound Card

We use this for the programs that mostly need sound like media players.

17) TV CardWe use TV Card to have the TV channels in our computer and also we can Record the TV programs from the TV card.

18) Capture Card

Capture Card is to change the DVD and MP4 clips to CD.

20) Case

19) Power Supply

Power Supply is the electricity main source which get the 220V electricity and change it to 12V and send it other devices.

THANK YOU VERY MUCH FOR LISTENING!!!

Spring (1390 – 2011)