Improvement in Monitoring of USOF...

Workshop on Impact Assessment Study on USOF Wireline Broadband

Improvement in Monitoring of USOF

Wireline Broadband Scheme and Impact

Assessment

Prof Rekha JainIIMA IDEA Telecom Centre of Excellence,

IIM, Ahmedabad, [email protected]


Background

� Universal Service Obligation (USO) is defined as access to telegraph services to people in rural and remote areas at affordable and reasonable prices (Indian Telegraph Act 1885, as amended in 2003 and 2006).

� The USO Fund (USOF) entered into an agreement with BSNL for provision of Wireline Broadband connectivity in rural and remote areas of the country from the existing rural wireline exchanges of BSNL(January, 2009).

� Under this scheme about 8.6 lakh Wireline Broadband connections will be provided to individual users and government Institutions from nearly 28,000 DSLAMs

Background-Contd.

From each exchange a maximum of 31 individual/govt. institutional connections by USOF

Connection with a speed of at least 512 Kbps always on

Two special USOF tariff plans of Rs. 99/- and Rs. 150/- per month

No charges towards installation, registration and security deposit for connections on USOF


One kiosk shall be subsidised by USOF

Background-Contd.

Rebate for downtime in connection as per TRAI guidelines.

At least one connection to Women’s SHG

Facilities of internet browsing, taking printouts ,scanning of documents etc. and support of other broadband applications such as video chat etc.

The hourly internet browsing charges at Kiosks shall not exceed Rs 5/- per hour


USOF stickers and website link in bills

USOF Tariff plan.Tariff Plan

Minim

um Speed of

the Broadband

connection

Free Download

Rate per MB for

extra usage (Rs)

Monthly charges

(Rs)

Registration Security,

and installation

charges(Rs)

CPE rental (for Type I

(ADSL Modem) (Rs)

1 512 kbps 400

MB

0.4 99/- Nil Nil

2 512 kbps 1GB 0.4 150/- Nil Nil


Source: http://www.usof.gov.in/usof-cms/usof_agreement_XI.html, accessed on 16th March, 2012

Total Disbursement by USOF across different

schemes as of 29-2-2012


Source:http://www.usof.gov.in/usof-cms/usof_currentnew.htm, accessed on 19th

March, 2011

CCAGrand Total (Rs. Crores)

A&N 4.23

ANDHRA PRADESH 743.38

ASSAM 180.09

BIHAR 395.41

CHATTISGARH 265.07

DoT HQ 6000.00

GUJRAT 661.54

HARYANA 180.58

HIMACHAL PRADESH 258.65

J&K 88.72

JHARKHAND 77.68

KARNATAKA 623.60

KERALA 508.53

MAHARASHTRA 1296.99

MP 766.09

NE-I 84.20

NE-II 64.49

ORISSA 368.71

PUNJAB 297.66

RAJASTHAN 774.23

TAMIL NADU 319.10

UP(E) 547.57

UP(W) 247.98

UTTARANCHAL 149.24

WEST BENGAL 165.61

Grand Total 15069.36

Subsidy Disbursement by USOF as of March

2012 for Wireline BB Scheme

DISBURSEMENT ACROSS DIFFERENT FINANCIAL YEARS AS ON 31-01-2012 (in Rs. Crores)

2009-10 2010-11 2011-12Grand Total

Wireline-BB

42.57 64.82 63.96 171.36


Source:http://www.usof.gov.in/usof-cms/usof_currentnew.htm, accessed on 19th

March, 2011

CCAWIRELINE-BB

ANDHRA PRADESH 19.23

KERALA 18.81

RAJASTHAN 16.19

MAHARASHTRA 15.99

PUNJAB 15.08

KARNATAKA 14.35

TAMIL NADU 14.31

GUJRAT 9.11

UP(E) 7.29

ORISSA 6.98

HARYANA 6.67

WEST BENGAL 4.60

HIMACHAL PRADESH 4.52

BIHAR 3.69

CHATTISGARH 2.83

UP(W) 2.54

ASSAM 2.43

MP 2.36

JHARKHAND 1.47

UTTARANCHAL 1.27

J&K 0.64

NE-II 0.56

NE-I 0.29

A&N 0.15

Grand Total 171.36

Objective of this Study


To achieve an improvement in the monitoring mechanism for the USOF Wireline Broadband scheme.

To carry out an impact assessment

To give recommendations on the basis of the duly analyzed findings for enhancing the effectiveness of the scheme

Outcomes of the impact assessment to help in designing tools and mechanism for monitoring the scheme in an effective and efficient manner.

Sampling Methodology

� The sample frame taken for the survey is the CCA list and Circle List made available to us by the office of USOF.

� Multistage stratified proportional random sampling is used.

� At 95% Confidence Level and Confidence interval of 5, the minimum required sample size is 384 (say 440) at the exchange level.

� The sample of 440 is arrived at taking into account the number of missing values and unfinished questionnaires.


Sampling Methodology- Contd.

� For proportional sampling the proportion of the number of exchanges in a circle and number of connections working and closed were used.

� The list of the exchanges in a circle was considered a circular list.

� For Example- The total exchanges in all the 22 circles were 22834 and total exchanges in Rajasthan were 1952, so out of the total exchanges, the proportional representation of Rajasthan is = ((1952)/22834)x 100 =8.55 %

� So out of the sample size of 440 the number of exchanges to be chosen from Rajasthan are- 8.55% of 440 = 37.62 or 38.

� Similar method was applied to arrive at the numbers for different questionnaires.



� Random sampling methodology was used to arrive at the exact numbers at different exchanges.

� A random number generator was used to arrive at the first number of the list of exchanges in a circle.

� Then every nth exchange was picked up to arrive at the sample size for a particular circle. The ‘n’ was taken to be 3,5,7,9 etc. depending on the size of the data. Bigger the data bigger the ‘n’.

� Once the exchanges were selected the individual beneficiary working connection, closed connections, govt connections, and kiosk connections were selected automatically if the said exchange had the respective data.



� In case were there was no data for closed connection, govt connection and or kiosk further random sampling was done till an exchange with relevant data was selected.

� This process was followed till the sample size of all the questionnaires was arrived at.

� We take an example of Chhattisgarh were the sample size for various questionnaire were as follows-1. Telephone Exchange, Sarpanch, Never user- 6 each

2. Individual Beneficiary-15

3. Govt Institution- 7

4. Current non users-0

5. Kiosk and kiosk users- 6 each



Sl No. Name of SDCAName of Exchange

Individual Beneficiary Questionnaires

Current Non Users Questionnaires

Beneficiary-Govt Institutions

Questionnaires

Questionnaire for Kiosk

User of Kiosks Questionnaires

Sarpanch Questionnaire

Questionnaire for Telephone Exchange

Questionnaire for People w

ho have

never used the Broadband/Internet

1Bilaspur Dagori 2 0 0 0 0 1 1 1

2Bilaspur Koni 3 0 2 0 0 1 1 1

3Bilaspur Sakri 2 0 2 0 0 1 1 1

4DabharaChandarpur 2 0 2 0 0 1 1 1

5Dallirajhra Deori 3 0 0 1 1 1 1 1

6Dhamtari Dhamtari 3 0 1 1 1 1

Total 15 0 7 1 1 6 6 6

Number required 15 0 7 6 6 6 6 6

Deficit 0 0 0 5 5 0 0 0

Six exchanges picked up randomly

with the relevant data and made

this table.

Total of different connections were as below

Number required as per sample size was this


S.NoName of SDCA

Name of Exchange

Individual

Beneficiary

Questionnaires

Current Non Users

Questionnaires

Beneficiary-G

ovt

Institutions

Questionnaires

Questionnaire for

Kiosk

1Dhamtari Kukrel 0 0 0 1

2Dhamtari Kurud 0 0 0 1

3Balodabazar Lawang 0 0 0 1

4Nagri Nagri 0 0 0 1

5Nayapara Nayapara 0 0 0 1

Total 5

For the five exchanges we randomized till these exchanges

were picked for fulfilling the deficit of 5 kiosk connections

Regional International Telecommunications Society India Conference 2012

February 22-24

Start

Generate a random number and pick the exchange with the relevant data for connections

Is the sample size for

Individual

Beneficiary, Govt,

,closed connection

and kiosk achieved?

NoYes

End

Flow chart for sample size generation through randomization

In case of deficit use combination

The Questionnaires for the study

� All The Questionnaires for the study were finalized after rigorous

discussions with USOF office with 6-8 iterations including changes

in the questionnaire after the pilot survey.

� The monitoring related questions were suggested by USOF office.


Regional International Telecommunications Society India Conference 2012

February 22-24

Circle/Corporate Office- 22

Telephone exchanges-440

Kiosks- 440Individual Beneficiary-3 x 440

GovtInstitutions- 440

Current Non Users-440

People who have never used broadband-440

Sarpanch-440

Users of Kiosks-440

Questionnaire wise sample size

Sample Size

Overall Sample Size

S.No

Level Unit Sample Size

1 Number of CCAs22

2 Number of effective Circles

223 Rural Exchanges

4404 Individual beneficiaries

13205 Current Non-Users of

Broadband 4406 Govt. Organization

beneficiaries 4407 Women’s SHG 4408 Kiosks 4409 People who have never used

the broadband 440

10

Surpanch (Village Head)

440


Since data about

Women’s SHG is not

available, the exchange-

wise distribution is not

derived. In case the

selected exchange has a

Women’s SHG, it can

be selected for

interview.

Sample Size-contd.

� The exchange wise sample size for each type of questionnaire has been derived and provided in the ‘Final Sheet’ of the file.

� The CCAs should select the respondents (individual beneficiaries, kiosks, govt organizations, and current non users) from the list of the subsidy claim.

� The questionnaires for ‘people who have never used the broadband/internet’ should be administered to people who have a telephone line but no broadband connection. This would enable us to understand the profile of ‘potential users for broadband’.


Pilot Study for Impact Assessment

� At Sawa (Chhittourgarh, Rajasthan) on 16th August, 2011

� At Deodhar (Palanpur, Gujarat) on 16th September, 2011


Issues found during the pilot study

� Influence of the BSNL personnel on the respondents.

� Reluctance of the respondents to speak out before the BSNL representatives.

� Kiosks owners and kiosks users trained to give certain answers.

� Such Individual beneficiaries chosen who would answer in a favorable way.

� Identification of type of modem was an issue.


Suggestions to solve the issues

� Individual beneficiaries should be chosen by the DoT representatives from the subsidy claim list.

� The BSNL representative should only help to identify the household but should leave before the interview starts.

� DoT representatives should randomly cross question kiosk owners and kiosk users to check if they have been trained.

� DoT representatives should know how to identify the type of modem.


Questions if any?



Thank You

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