Implementation of ADS-B in AustraliaASAS-TN WorkshopMalmo, October 2003

Implementation of ADS-B in AustraliaASAS-TN WorkshopMalmo, October 2003 Bob Peake

Manager Technology DevelopmentAirservices Australia

Bob PeakeManager Technology Development

Airservices Australia

• Package 1 is an initial set of ADS-B applications• Agreed between US and Europe• Consistent with “ADS-B Concept of Use” developed by

the ICAO Oplink panel• Accepted by ICAO at ANC 11

• Package 1 consists of• Five ground surveillance applications, and• Seven airborne surveillance applications

ADS-B “Package 1”ADS-B “Package 1”

1. ATC surveillance for en-route airspace

2. ATC surveillance in terminal areas

3. ATC surveillance in non radar areas

4. Airport surface surveillance

5. Aircraft derived data for ground tools

ADS-B Package 1 – Ground Surveillance ApplicationsADS-B Package 1 – Ground Surveillance Applications

1. Enhanced traffic situational awareness on the airport surface

2. Enhanced traffic situational awareness during flight operations

3. Enhanced visual acquisition for see and avoid

4. Enhanced successive visual approaches

5. Enhanced sequencing and merging operations

6. In trail procedure in oceanic airspace

7. Enhanced crossing and passing operations

ADS-B Package 1 – Airborne Surveillance ApplicationsADS-B Package 1 – Airborne Surveillance Applications

Why is Australia interested in ADS-B for ATC surveillance in

non radar areas?

FAA Radar Coverage – FL 200FAA Radar Coverage – FL 200

European Mode S RadarsEuropean Mode S Radars

75E

2S

163E

Australian Radar CoverageAustralian Radar Coverage

Australia compared to EuropeAustralia compared to Europe

International Routes to and from AustraliaInternational Routes to and from Australia

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(1)

2S

163E

ATC Environments

(1) Radar control• Radar + VHF

(2) Non radar continental• ADS-C(FANS1/A) + VHF• CPDLC(FANS1/A)• Pilot reports

(3) Oceanic• ADS + CPDLC(FANS1/A)• Pilot reports + HF

TAAATS integrates Radar, ADS-C and Flight Plan Tracks to provide a common ATC system for all environments - FANS 1 is available everywhere

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(3)(3)

Australian ATC EnvironmentsAustralian ATC Environments

The Australian Operational Trial of ADS-B for ATC Ground Surveillance

Burnett Basin ADS-B Trial

ADS-B trials are underway in Queensland’s Burnett Basin

…paving the way for national implementation.

Traffic environment• Less than 20 aircraft account for a high

% of local flights• RPT : Bundaberg, Maryborough, Hervey

Bay & overflight to Gladstone & Rockhampton

• Charters off the coast, RFDS, parachuting and other GA

Aircraft types• Dash 8, Beech 200,General aviation,

Energex Rescue Helicopter

Limited Radar (SSR) coverage• above FL120 onlySYDNEY

BRISBANE

BURNETTBASIN

Australian ADS-B Operational Trial – Burnett BasinAustralian ADS-B Operational Trial – Burnett Basin

• Deploy an operational “pilot” or trial system • Avionics

• Ground station

• ATC processing & display system (TAAATS) software changes

• Develop procedures & commission for air traffic control• to provide customer/ATC benefit

• to learn lessons from real operational use

• Report on possible wide-scale deployment• Examine minimum cost GA solutions & strategies

• Prepare Cost/Benefit for wide scale deployment

• Make the Australian Aviation community aware of ADS-B

Australian ADS-B Operational Trial - OjectivesAustralian ADS-B Operational Trial - Ojectives

AircraftStateRS-232

AltitudeGillhamA-429

RS-232

GPS Navigator

Mode S Transponder

ANTENNAANTENNA ANTENNAANTENNA

ALTIMETERALTIMETER

Non-TCAS Equipped Aircraft

EXISTINGEXISTING

NEWNEW

DF 17

Australian ADS-B Operational Trial - AvionicsAustralian ADS-B Operational Trial - Avionics

TCAS Equipped Aircraft

ANTENNAANTENNA

ALTIMETERALTIMETER

EXISTINGEXISTING

L-BAND SUPPRESSION BUSL-BAND SUPPRESSION BUS

AircraftStateRS-232

AltitudeGillhamA-429

RS-232

ANTENNAANTENNA ANTENNAANTENNA

GPSNAVIGATOR

GPSNAVIGATOR

DIVERSITYTRANSPONDER

DIVERSITYTRANSPONDERTCASTCASDISPLAYDISPLAY NEWNEW

DF 18

GPS Navigator

Mode S Transponder

Australian ADS-B Operational Trial - AvionicsAustralian ADS-B Operational Trial - Avionics

• Duplicated Receive Only Ground stations • ADS-B receivers• Antennas (DME type)• UPSs

• Duplicated Tracking Processors• located at the control centre• ASTERIX format ADS-B tracks out

• Maintenance support• Spares• LRU exchange• Training, etc

Australian ADS-B Operational Trial – Ground StationAustralian ADS-B Operational Trial – Ground Station

...

ADS–BTracks

Flight Plan Tracks

RadarTracks

ADS- C Tracks

NEW SYMBOL

• Receives ASTERIX format ADS-B tracks

• Tracks linked to FDP by 24 bit code (CODE/)

• Extension to TAAATS display priority scheme

• Includes Safety Net alerts (MSAW etc)

• Updates to training simulators

• Updates to recording and analysis tools

Integration of ADS-B on Operational ATC DisplaysIntegration of ADS-B on Operational ATC Displays

ATC safety alerting functions will be provided

ADS-B Benefits

Conflict Alert Low Altitude AlertAltitude

Conformance Warning

Route Conformance

Warning

• Operating Concepts and Procedures• TAAATS already has operating concepts and procedures for Radar, ADS-C and Flight

Plan Tracks on the one display

• Adding ADS-B as another category of data did not alter op. concept

• ADS-B being validated as equal to or better than radar

• Radar procedures and sep standards (5nm) then used with minimal changes for ADS-B

• 24 bit code in Flight Plan used for track to plan correlation

• ADS-B data not fused with radar for this implementation• Avoids need to revalidate a fused tracking system

• Quality of ADS-B data • HPL in Navigator -> NUC in Extended Squitter -> FOM in ASTERIX

• Data suppressed from display if FOM poor

• Site monitor transponder reports FOM from the site

• RAIM prediction service alerts controllers of possible periods of inadequate satellite coverage – managed like a scheduled radar outage

Safety Case issues for ADS-B TrialSafety Case issues for ADS-B Trial

Australian ADS-B Operational Trial - PerformanceAustralian ADS-B Operational Trial - Performance

• 4 Dash 8 Aircraft

• 2 Helicopters

• 2 RFDS B200

B200 Aircraft at Maryborough ~60Nm from ground station down to 100 feet

Australian ADS-B Operational Trial - Performance

Radar (black) decoupled from ADS-B (green) to demonstrate

performance

Scale marker = 1 Nm

Australian ADS-B Operational Trial - PerformanceAustralian ADS-B Operational Trial - Performance

Australian ADS-B Operational Trial - PerformanceAustralian ADS-B Operational Trial - Performance

UPS B767freighter en-route Sydney to Philippines

ADS-BEquipped

Not part of Australian “trial” fleet

225 Nm

235

Nm

ADS-BSeparation Standards

• FAA has approved 5nm in Alaska• based on comparison with radar

• Airservices working with Regulator• using the same approach• plan 5 nm, and radar procedures for the

operational trial

• ICAO SASP well advanced on ADS-B• ICAO ADS-B separation standards

expected available end 2004

ADS-B Separation StandardsADS-B Separation Standards

Project to Implement ADS-Bin

Australia’s Upper Airspace

Australian ADS-B Upper Airspace ProjectAustralian ADS-B Upper Airspace Project

• Continent wide surveillance above FL300• ADS-B surveillance for ATC in non radar airspace• Requires 20 – 25 ADS-B receiver sites• Co-locate with existing VHF sites

• Status of project• Project approved• Tenders called• Contracts expected Q1 2004

• Schedule • Complete by end 2005• Follows European mandate for Enhanced Surveillance

(Aircraft get ADS-B as part of the Enhanced Surveillance upgrade)

Existing Radar Coverage

ADS-B Upper Airspace Program

Approximately 20 ADS-B ground stations will be deployed in remote regions of Australia by the end of 2005

…expanding high level air traffic surveillance capability to over 97% of the Australian continent.

Radar + ADS-B Coverage

ADS-B will enhance safety and increase operational flexibility for suitably equipped aircraft.

• ATC safety alerting will be provided− route and altitude monitoring− short term conflict detection

• Radar-like separation standards will apply

• Opens the possibility for “enhanced see and avoid” operating concepts

• More details : ANC11/WP127, ICAO website

ADS-B Benefits

Safety Issues inAustralia’s Upper Airspace

Safety Incident Analysis : ADS-B Impact

ADS-B AvionicsExpected Aircraft Fitment in

Australia Airspace

• SSR Mode S Enhanced Surveillance• Mandatory in parts of Europe from March 2005• Requires upgrades to SSR transponders• Manufacturers have decided to include ADS-B extended squitter in

the same transponder upgrade

• Australian & Asian airlines will be upgrading their aircraft that fly to Europe

• Result will be many ADS-B equipped aircraft over Australia

• New aircraft now being delivered with ADS-B• QANTAS A330, Air New Zealand A320 etc.

• UPS Freight aircraft also being upgraded• Entire fleet of 103 B757 and B767 by end of 2003• These aircraft already being tracked on ADS-B in Australia

Future ADS-B Avionics FitmentFuture ADS-B Avionics Fitment

• Provides ATC surveillance where there is none today• Using existing VHF sites & communication networks keeps

costs low

• Provides significant safety benefits immediately• Enables increased airline operating flexibility• Airlines get added value from transponder

investments for European Enhanced Surveillance• Don’t need to wait for GA fitment• Don’t need to wait for more advanced aspects (CDTI)• Strategic push towards widescale deployment in

Asia Pacific• Asia Pacific expected to lead the way for ground surveillance• USA/Europe already have adequate radar based ground

surveillance, and do not need this ADS-B application

Benefits from ADS-B in Upper AirspaceBenefits from ADS-B in Upper Airspace

ICAO’sAsia Pacific Regional Plan

forADS-B Implementation

• APANPIRG ADS-B Task force• Australia, China, Hong Kong, Fiji, India, Japan,

New Zealand, Pakistan, Singapore, Thailand, USA + IATA, SITA, IFALPA

• APANPIRG Resolutions• Mode S extended squitter to be used for ATC

ground surveillance application in AsiaPac• Jan 2006 set as the target date for introduction of

ground based surveillance services based on ADS-B

• More details : ANC11/WP128 from ICAO website

ICAO Asia Pacific Regional Planning for ADS-BICAO Asia Pacific Regional Planning for ADS-B

Research and DevelopmentProjects

• Addition of ADS-B extended squitter capability (DF18) to an existing Microair T2000 Mode A/C transponder

• Low cost, size and weight

Current T2000 product:61mm x 61mm x 160mm600 grams400mA @ 12V

ADS-B R & D : Low Cost TransponderADS-B R & D : Low Cost Transponder

• Cost Effective• Compliant• Flexible

as proposed by

Control Vision Corp.

makers of the

AnywhereMap™ and AnywhereWx™

Moving Map GPS systems

ADS-B R & D : CDTI for General AviationADS-B R & D : CDTI for General Aviation

• ADS-B in Upper Airspace• First - ground surveillance in non radar areas

• Need identity, position and velocity

• Later – User Preferred Routes / Trajectories• Intent could be valuable for ATC• CDTI may facilitate ASAS crossing, passing etc?

• ADS-B in Lower Airspace• Ground surveillance in non radar areas• CDTI for situational awareness in Class E & G

• IFR + VFR in same airspace – regional airports

• ADS-B on Airports• ADS-B + multilateration? • CDTI with moving map?

A Progression Towards ASAS?

http://www.airservicesaustralia.com

Click on “ADS-B”

for

further information and progress reports

Australian ADS-B WebsiteAustralian ADS-B Website

EXTRA SLIDES

Australian ADS-B TrialAustralian ADS-B Trial

Energex Rescue 2.exe

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ATC Environments

(1) Radar control• radar + VHF• ADS-B in lieu of enroute SSR?

(2) Non radar continental• ADS-B + VHF comms• FANS1 ADS + VHF• FANS1 CPDLC• Pilot reports

(3) Oceanic• FANS1 ADS + CPDLC• Pilot reports + HF

TAAATS integrates Radar, ADS-B, ADS-C and Flight Plan Tracks to provide a common ATC system for all environments

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Future Australian ATC Environments with ADS-BFuture Australian ATC Environments with ADS-B

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