IAY Vigyan Bhavan PPT 6052010
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Transcript of IAY Vigyan Bhavan PPT 6052010
Study on ‘Revision of Unit Cost under Indira Awaas Yojana (IAY) in various Geo-Climatic Zones of the
Country’
Sponsored byMinistry of Rural Development, Government of India
Rural Housing Division, New Delhi
R.K.Garg Head (Architecture & Planning, Efficiency of Buildings Division)
Central Building Research Institute, Roorkee(A constituent establishment of CSIR)
Study on ‘Revision of Unit Cost under Indira Awaas Yojana (IAY) in various Geo-Climatic Zones of the Country’
Sponsored by
Hot and DryThe hot and dry zone lies in the western and the central part of India; Rajasthan, Madhya Pradesh and Gujarat are some of the states that experience this type of climate.Warm and HumidThe warm and humid zone covers the coastal parts of the country. Some states that fall under this zone are Karnataka, Kerala, Maharashtra, Goa, A.P., Tamil Nadu, West Bengal and Orissa. The high humidity encourages abundant vegetation in these regions.TemperateMysore is the example of city that fall under this climatic zone. Areas having a moderate climate are generally located on hilly or high-plateau regions with fairly abundant vegetation.CompositeThe composite zone covers the central part of India. Some states that experience this type of climate are U.P., Haryana, Bihar, Punjab and M.P.Cold and CloudyGenerally, the northern part of India experiences this type of climate. Most cold and cloudy regions are situated at high altitudes. Himachal Pradesh, Uttarakhand, Sikkim and J&K are examples of places belonging to this climatic zone.
Study on ‘Revision of Unit Cost under Indira Awaas Yojana (IAY) in various Geo-Climatic Zones of the Country’
Sponsored by
IAY HOUSES: PRESENT SCENARIO
A detailed study was conducted in different parts of the country and information was collected though survey of more than 800 houses, to record typology, overall condition of the rural houses and changes in the past three to five years.
The detailed study of Thirty one districts viz. Jaipur, Jodhpur, Jaisalmer (Rajasthan); Shivpuri & Jabalpur (Madhya Pradesh); Thirvananthapuram (Kerala), Mahboobnagar & Ananthapuram (Andhra Pradesh); Hawarah & South 24 Parganas (West Bengal); Saharanpur & Basti (Uttar Pradesh); Samastipur / Muzaffrabad, Gaya & Madhubani (Bihar); Bathinda & Amirsar (Punjab); Pithoragarh (Uttarakhand); Kinnaur (Himachal Pradesh); Belgoam, Dharwad & Mysore (Karnataka) and E.K.Hills (Meghalaya), Yamunanagar & Rothak (Haryana), Pune, Aurangabad and Ahmadnagar (Maharastra), North Goa, Raipur (Chhattisgarh) was carried out covering all the five climatic zones of the country.
Study on ‘Revision of Unit Cost under Indira Awaas Yojana (IAY) in various Geo-Climatic Zones of the Country’
Sponsored by
The survey of more then 775 IAY houses through field survey on the basis of :Typology of housing;
Materials and construction technologies used in foundations, walls & roofs.
OBSERVATIONS
• IAY scheme has been more effective from last three years resulting into social up-liftment.
• Awareness towards better quality of life has increased among themasses.
• The present funding is insufficient to build an IAY house.
• Lack of technical support in house construction.
• RR Stone & bricks are predominantly used for foundations.
• Burnt bricks / stone are predominantly used for walling.
• Country made tiles, Factory made tiles, AC Sheets, CGI sheets, Stone patti, RBC and RCC are used as roofing material.
• Wooden frames, stone frames and prefabricated CC frames have been used for doors and windows.
Study on ‘Revision of Unit Cost under Indira Awaas Yojana (IAY) in various Geo-Climatic Zones of the Country’
Sponsored by
TABLE: TYPOLOGY OF FOUNDATION, WALLS, FLOORING & ROOFING IN IAY HOUSES IN DIFFERENT DISTRICTS.
District Name
Foundation Walls Flooring Roofing Special Features
Jaipur • Random Rubble (RR) Masonry
• Dressed Stone • Burnt Brick in
cement / mud mortar (23 cm thick)
• Mud • cement
floor
· RCC · Stone slab
Stone Jali
Jodhpur · Random Rubble Masonry (75 – 85cm. depth)
· Dressed Stone with cement mortar
· Mud· Cement
• Stone slab Stone JaliLocally available stone
Jaisalmer(Rajasthan)
· Random Rubble stone masonry
· Dressed stone with cement / mud mortar
· Mud· Cement
· Stone slab Stone JaliLocally available stone
Saharanpur (Uttar Pradesh)
· Random Rubble stone masonry
· Burnt brick (23 cm thick) with cement / mud mortar
· Mud· Cement
· RBC / RCC Cement Jali
Basti ·Random Rubble stone masonry
·Burnt brick (23 cm thick) with cement / mud mortar
·Mud· Cement
· RBC / RCC Cement Jali
Sponsored by
JAIPUR DISTRICT
Study on ‘Revision of Unit Cost under Indira Awaas Yojana (IAY) in various Geo-Climatic Zones of the Country’
Sponsored by
JAIPUR DISTRICT
Study on ‘Revision of Unit Cost under Indira Awaas Yojana (IAY) in various Geo-Climatic Zones of the Country’
Sponsored by
JAIPUR DISTRICT
Study on ‘Revision of Unit Cost under Indira Awaas Yojana (IAY) in various Geo-Climatic Zones of the Country’
Sponsored by
JODHPUR DISTRICT
Study on ‘Revision of Unit Cost under Indira Awaas Yojana (IAY) in various Geo-Climatic Zones of the Country’
Sponsored by
JODHPUR DISTRICT
Study on ‘Revision of Unit Cost under Indira Awaas Yojana (IAY) in various Geo-Climatic Zones of the Country’
Sponsored by
D / VD / V
GROUND FLOOR PLAN
BOUNDARY WALL
OPEN SPACE 29' -2" X 25'-0"
K U
T C
H C
H A
R
O
A
D
ROOM14'-0" x 9'-0"
ROOM14'-0" x 9'-0"
HOUSE OF SMT. HEROVILL. - LAWAN
BLOCK - SANKRA DISTT. - JAISALMER
Study on ‘Revision of Unit Cost under Indira Awaas Yojana (IAY) in various Geo-Climatic Zones of the Country’
Sponsored by
JODHPUR DISTRICT
JODHPUR DISTRICT
Sponsored by
Study on ‘Revision of Unit Cost under Indira Awaas Yojana (IAY) in various Geo-Climatic Zones of the Country’
DD
D
GROUND FLOOR PLAN
HOUSE OF SMT. SAMADAVILL. - LAWAN
BLOCK - SANKRA DISTT. - JAISALMER
GA
LLA
RY
4'-0
" W
IDE
UP
CHABUTRA4'-6" WIDE
CHABUTRA4'-6" WIDE
BOUNDARY WALL
OPEN SPACE36'-4" X 18'-0"
K A T C H C H A R O A D
DN
ROOM15'-0" x 9'-0"
ROOM15'-0" x 9'-0"
Jaisalmer District
Study on ‘Revision of Unit Cost under Indira Awaas Yojana (IAY) in various Geo-Climatic Zones of the Country’
Sponsored by
w
w
w
GROUND FLOOR PLAN
HOUSE OF SMT. DOLIVILL. - LAWAN
BLOCK- SANKRADISTT.- JAISALMER
KITCHEN
8'-0" x 9'-0"
D
D BOUNDARY WALL
OPEN SPACE 29' -6" X 25'-0"
K U T C H C H A R O A D
ROOM12'-0" x 9'-0"
ROOM12'-0" x 9'-0"
D D
Jaisalmer District
Study on ‘Revision of Unit Cost under Indira Awaas Yojana (IAY) in various Geo-Climatic Zones of the Country’
Sponsored by
TABLE: TYPOLOGY OF FOUNDATION, WALLS, FLOORING & ROOFING IN IAY HOUSES IN DIFFERENT DISTRICTS.
District Name
Foundation Walls Flooring Roofing Special Features
Ananthapur(A.P.)
•Random Rubble (RR) Masonry•Kaddappa stone
•Burnt Brick (23cm thick)•Cement Sand Block (20 cm thick)
•Bechutula stone•Rough & / Polished Kaddappa stone
·Kaddappa Stone on girder ( I –section) & Concrete on top·RCC
Locally available stone.
South 24 Parganas(West Bengal)
·Burnt Brick in Cement (75 – 85cm. depth)
·Burnt Brick in Cement (23 cm. thick)
·Mud·Cement
Concrete
•Factory made Tiles•Thatch•GI Sheet•AC Sheet •RCC
Locally available roofing tiles.
Howrah(West Bengal)
·Burnt Brick in Cement (60-80 cm. depth)
·Burnt Brick in Cement (23 cm. thick)·Mud / adobe / cob walls in cement mortar.
·Mud·Cement
Concrete·Brick on Edge
·Factory Made Tiles·RCC
Locally available roofing tiles.
TABLE: TYPOLOGY OF FOUNDATION, WALLS, FLOORING & ROOFING IN IAY HOUSES IN DIFFERENT DISTRICTS.
District Name
Foundation Walls Flooring Roofing Special Features
Shivpuri(M.P.)
•Shivpuri stone with mud.•Stone with cement mortar.•Brick in cement / mud mortar.
•Burnt Brick in cement / mud mortar, 23 cm thick.•Stone in
cement / mud mortar , 30 cm thick.
·Mud (Adobe/ Cob/ compressed earth
·Stone·Mud·Stone Slabs·Cement Concrete
·Shivpuri Stone + Concrete·Stone Patti + Cement concrete·GI sheet·Thatch / Grass (Temporary)
Locally available stone.
Jabalpur(M.P.)
•Stone with cement mortar.·Brick in cement / mud mortar.
•Burnt Brick in cement / mud mortar, 23 / 34.5 cm•Stone in cement / mud mortar , 30-35 cm thick.
·Mud·Cement
·RCC·Factory Made·Manglore Tiles ·AC Sheet·Hand made tiles (Round)
Locally available stone & roofing tiles.
Mehaboob-nagar(A.P.)
•Random Rubble (RR) Masonry•RCC + RR coloumn
·Burnt Brick (9”)· CS Block (8”)·Mud Brick
·Mud ·Cement·Marble·Shahbad Stone·Nappa Stone
·RC·Manglore Tile Tiles and Ac Sheet·RCC (flat)·Thatch
Locally available stone & roofing tiles.
TABLE: TYPOLOGY OF FOUNDATION, WALLS, FLOORING & ROOFING IN IAY HOUSES IN DIFFERENT DISTRICTS.
District Name
Foundation Walls Flooring Roofing Special Features
Kinnur (H.P.)
• Random Rubble Masonry
• Stone in mud mortar• Brick , CC Block• Stone block
· Mud· wooden Slabs
· GI sheet· Grass , RCC
Locally available stone / wood.
Muzaffarpur (Bihar)
· Brick in cement / mud mortar.
•Burnt Brick in cement / CC blocks
·Mud·Cement
· GI / AC sheet ·Manglore Tiles · Hand made tiles · thatch
Locally available roofing tiles.
Gaya (Bihar)
· Brick in cement / mud mortar.
•Burnt Brick in cement / CC blocks
·Mud·Cement
· GI / AC sheet ·Manglore Tiles · Hand made tiles · thatch
Locally available roofing tiles.
Madhuvani · Random Rubble masonry ·Brick in cement / mud mortar.
•Burnt Brick in cement / CC blocks
·Mud·Cement
· GI / AC sheet ·Manglore Tiles · Hand made tiles · thatch
Locally available roofing tiles.
TABLE: TYPOLOGY OF FOUNDATION, WALLS, FLOORING & ROOFING IN IAY HOUSES IN DIFFERENT DISTRICTS.
District Name
Foundation Walls Flooring Roofing Special Features
Meghalaya • Stone Masonry in mud mortar
• Hollow CC Block • Brick • Stone block
· Mud · GI sheet Locally available stone / wood.
Pune (Maharashtra)
· Stone RR Masonry / Brick in cement / mud mortar.
•Burnt Brick in cement
· Mud·Cement· Tiles / Stone
· GI sheet · Manglore Tiles · thatch · RCC
Locally available stone.
Aurangabad (Maharashtra)
· Stone RR Masonry in cement / mud mortar.
•Burnt Brick in cement
· Mud·Cement· Tiles / Stone
· GI sheet · Manglore Tiles · thatch · RCC
Locally available stone.
Amhadnagar Maharashtra)
· Stone Random Rubble masonry ·Brick in cement / mud mortar.
•Burnt Brick in cement
·Mud·Cement· Tiles / Stone
· GI sheet · Manglore Tiles · thatch · RCC
Locally available stone.
TABLE: TYPOLOGY OF FOUNDATION, WALLS, FLOORING & ROOFING IN IAY HOUSES IN DIFFERENT DISTRICTS.
District Name
Foundation Walls Flooring Roofing Special Features
Cuttak (Orrisa)
• Stone Masonry in mud mortar
• Stone • Brick
· Mud· Cement· Stone
· GI sheet· Thatch· RCC
Locally available stone .
Bhuwaneshwar (Orrisa)
• Stone Masonry in mud mortar
• Brick • Stone
· Mud· Cement· Stone
· GI sheet· Thatch· RCC
Locally available stone .
Amritsar(Punjab)
• Brick in cement / mud mortar.
• Brick · Mud· Cement
· Jack Arch Roof· RCC· Wooden sleepers
Locally available Brick
Yamunanagar (Haryana)
• Brick in cement / mud mortar.
• Brick · Mud· Cement
· Jack Arch Roof· RCC
Locally available Brick
Rohatak (Haryana)
• Brick in cement / mud mortar.
• Brick · Mud· Cement
· Jack Arch Roof· RCC
Locally available Brick
ORRISA-DISTT- CUTTUCK & BHUBANESWAR D
DUP
I.A.Y. ROOM 14'-0"X12'-0"
ROOM 14'-0"X12'-0"
OPEN AREA
28 HOUSE OF SH. SURENDRA SAHU
VILL. - SRIRAM BLOCK - CUTTUCK SADAR DISTT. - CUTTUCK (I.A.Y. HOUSE)
TABLE: TYPOLOGY OF FOUNDATION, WALLS, FLOORING & ROOFING IN IAY HOUSES IN DIFFERENT DISTRICTS.
District Name
Foundation Walls Flooring Roofing Special Features
Pithoragarh (UK)
• Stone Masonry in mud mortar
• Stone • Brick
· Mud· Cement· Wooden
· GI sheet· RCC
Locally available stone .
Bhuwaneshwar (Orrisa)
• Stone Masonry in mud mortar
• Brick • Stone
· Mud· Cement· Stone
· GI sheet· Thatch· RCC
Locally available stone .
Amritsar(Punjab)
• Brick in cement / mud mortar.
• Brick · Mud· Cement
· Jack Arch Roof· RCC· Wooden sleepers
Locally available Brick
Yamunanagar (Haryana)
• Brick in cement / mud mortar.
• Brick · Mud· Cement
· Jack Arch Roof· RCC
Locally available Brick
Rohatak (Haryana)
• Brick in cement / mud mortar.
• Brick · Mud· Cement
· Jack Arch Roof· RCC
Locally available Brick
HOUSE OF SH. GANESH RAM VILLAGE - GURANA BLOCK - BIN DISTT. - PITHORAGARH (U.K.)
+10'-0" +0'-0"
W
D
D
15' BED ROOM
15'-0"x13'-0"
UP
16'
VER
AN
DA
H
Pithoragarh District
Study on ‘Revision of Unit Cost under Indira Awaas Yojana (IAY) in various Geo-Climatic Zones of the Country’
Sponsored by
ROOF PROJ.
3'-0" W I D E
HOUSE OF SH. VISHNO JOSHI
VILLAGE - SINOLI
BLOCK - MUNAKOTE
DISTT. - PITHORAGARH (U.K.)
wW
DD
ROOM 15'X15'
I .A . Y . ROOM 15'X15'
Pithoragarh District
Study on ‘Revision of Unit Cost under Indira Awaas Yojana (IAY) in various Geo-Climatic Zones of the Country’
Sponsored by
I .A . Y . ROOM12'-6"X10'-3"
HOUSE OF SH.BHAWANI RAM VILLAGE - DADUKA BLOCK - BIN DISTT. - PITHORAGARH (U.K.)
OPEN SPACE
8'-3"
10'-
3"
12'-6"
15'
11'-
2"
D
W
D D
VERANDAH
BED ROOM 15'-0"x10'-3"
ROOM
D
Pithoragarh District
Study on ‘Revision of Unit Cost under Indira Awaas Yojana (IAY) in various Geo-Climatic Zones of the Country’
Sponsored by
TOILET
Mr. SHANKAR NANA SHINDE
W
STORAGE
BATH
W
Study on ‘Revision of Unit Cost under Indira Awaas Yojana (IAY) in various Geo-Climatic Zones of the Country’
Sponsored by
Pune District
A typical IAY House in Maharashtra
ROOM
254 x 333
300
23 254 2323
333
GROUND FLOOR PLAN
HOUSE OF ANJALI
379
23
150
150
VERANDAH-cum-KITCHEN
SOUTH 24 PARGANAS & HOWRAH
TABLE: TYPOLOGY OF FOUNDATION, WALLS, FLOORING & ROOFING IN IAY HOUSES IN DIFFERENT DISTRICTS.
District Name
Foundation Walls Flooring Roofing Special Features
Ananthapur(A.P.)
•Random Rubble (RR) Masonry•Kaddappa stone
•Burnt Brick (23cm thick)•Cement Sand Block (20 cm thick)
•Bechutula stone•Rough & / Polished Kaddappa stone
·Kaddappa Stone on girder ( I –section) & Concrete on top·RCC
Locally available stone.
South 24 Parganas(West Bengal)
·Burnt Brick in Cement (75 – 85cm. depth)
·Burnt Brick in Cement (23 cm. thick)
·Mud·Cement
Concrete
•Factory made Tiles•Thatch•GI Sheet•AC Sheet •RCC
Locally available roofing tiles.
Howrah(West Bengal)
·Burnt Brick in Cement (60-80 cm. depth)
·Burnt Brick in Cement (23 cm. thick)·Mud / adobe / cob walls in cement mortar.
·Mud·Cement
Concrete·Brick on Edge
·Factory Made Tiles·RCC
Locally available roofing tiles.
TABLE: TYPOLOGY OF FOUNDATION, WALLS, FLOORING & ROOFING IN IAY HOUSES IN DIFFERENT DISTRICTS.
District Name
Foundation Walls Flooring Roofing Special Features
Shivpuri(M.P.)
•Shivpuri stone with mud.•Stone with cement mortar.•Brick in cement / mud mortar.
•Burnt Brick in cement / mud mortar, 23 cm thick.•Stone in
cement / mud mortar , 30 cm thick.
·Mud (Adobe/ Cob/ compressed earth
·Stone·Mud·Stone Slabs·Cement Concrete
·Shivpuri Stone + Concrete·Stone Patti + Cement concrete·GI sheet·Thatch / Grass (Temporary)
Locally available stone.
Jabalpur(M.P.)
•Stone with cement mortar.·Brick in cement / mud mortar.
•Burnt Brick in cement / mud mortar, 23 / 34.5 cm•Stone in cement / mud mortar , 30-35 cm thick.
·Mud·Cement
·RCC·Factory Made·Manglore Tiles ·AC Sheet·Hand made tiles (Round)
Locally available stone & roofing tiles.
Mehaboob-nagar(A.P.)
•Random Rubble (RR) Masonry•RCC + RR coloumn
·Burnt Brick (9”)· CS Block (8”)·Mud Brick
·Mud ·Cement·Marble·Shahbad Stone·Nappa Stone
·RC·Manglore Tile Tiles and Ac Sheet·RCC (flat)·Thatch
Locally available stone & roofing tiles.
Study on ‘Revision of Unit Cost under Indira Awaas Yojana (IAY) in various Geo-Climatic Zones of the Country’
Sponsored by Ministry of Rural Development, Government of India, New Delhi
VARIETIES OF SOIL
1. Gravel: These are small pieces of stone with varied size. Soak a sample for 24 hours in a bucket of water. If it disintegrates, it is not gravel. It is not of much use for mud wall building, but if mixed with sandy clays or clayey sands, it is a good binding material.
2. Sand: It is similar to gravel and is the basic material for construction. It is ideal for wall building mixed with clay, sandy clays, clayey sands or cement.
Study on ‘Revision of Unit Cost under Indira Awaas Yojana (IAY) in various Geo-Climatic Zones of the Country’
Sponsored by Ministry of Rural Development, Government of India, New Delhi
3. Silt: It is very finely textured soil, so fine that the grains can not be seen. It is not suitable for building purpose.
4. Clay: It is a type of soil that sticks when wet. It becomes very hard when completely dry. Some clays shrink when they are dry and expand when wet, but there are also clays, which do not shrink at all. It is a very suitable material for rammed or compressed works of mud.
5. Black Cotton Soil: Known as week soil and is not good for construction. Pile foundation is recommended for areas having this type of soil.
Study on ‘Revision of Unit Cost under Indira Awaas Yojana (IAY) in various Geo-Climatic Zones of the Country’
Sponsored by Ministry of Rural Development, Government of India, New Delhi
6. Organic soil: It is the top layer of the earth, mainly composed of rotting and decomposing organic matters. It is spongy when wet and usually smells of decaying matter. It is dark in colour and damp and is not of any use in construction.
7. Mixture of soil: There are soil combinations available naturally which can be described as sandy clay, clayey sand, clayey gravel and so on. It is necessary to first find out which soils are combined in the mixture and then decide about the utility that depends on the proportion of the combination and their characteristics.
Study on ‘Revision of Unit Cost under Indira Awaas Yojana (IAY) in various Geo-Climatic Zones of the Country’
Sponsored by Ministry of Rural Development, Government of India, New Delhi
THE LIST OF STONES COMMONLY FOUND AND USED IN DIFFERENT PARTS OF THE COUNTRY
Granite – Rajasthan, Karnataka, Himachal Pradesh, Madhya Pradesh, Tamil Nadu, Andhra Pradesh, Bihar, Orrisa and Gujarat.
Marble – Madhya Pradesh, Rajasthan, Gujarat, Kashmir and Tamil Nadu, Andhra Pradesh etc.
Sandstone – Uttar Pradesh, Bengal, Assam, Madhya Pradesh, Karnataka, Tamil Nadu and Punjab.
Lime Stone – Maharashtra, Andhra Pradesh, Madhya Pradesh, Tamil Nadu and Punjab.
Slate – Himachal Pradesh, Rajashthan etc.
Study on ‘Revision of Unit Cost under Indira Awaas Yojana (IAY) in various Geo-Climatic Zones of the Country’
Sponsored by Ministry of Rural Development, Government of India, New Delhi
STABILIZED BLOCKS USING SOIL, RICE HUSK ASH, QUARRY DUST/SAND
Stabilized Soil Block using Rice Husk Ash and Quarry Dust and using rice ash and sand are less costly when compared to the burnt bricks. It costs about Rs. 6/- per block. Weight of the block is 7.88 kg and 230 blocks are required for 1 sqm. construction.
Study on ‘Revision of Unit Cost under Indira Awaas Yojana (IAY) in various Geo-Climatic Zones of the Country’
Sponsored by Ministry of Rural Development, Government of India, New Delhi
BASIC DATA ON COSTSThe cost of materials constitutes about 60 - 70% and labour 30- 40% of the total cost, which may be further sub divided as following percentages :
Materials : Bricks 25%; Cement 13%; steel 10%; and Timer 12%.Labour : Excavation 1%; Masons 25%; Carpenters
Costs for different items of works is roughly as follows:a. Excavation and concrete in foundation - 3% - 5%b. Brick work upto plinth - 5% - 8%c. Superstructure brickwork / stone work - 20% - 25%d. Roofing - 20% - 25%e. Flooring - 6% f. Woodwork - doors & windows - 10% - 15%g. Internal finishes - 6%h. External finishes - 3%I Water supply - 4%J Sanitary - 8%h. Electrification - 5%
Study on ‘Revision of Unit Cost under Indira Awaas Yojana (IAY) in various Geo-Climatic Zones of the Country’
Sponsored by Ministry of Rural Development, Government of India, New Delhi
MAKING CONSTRUCTION DISASTER RESISTANT
IN EARTHQUAKE PRONE AREAS
FoundationThe design and construction of foundation
depends on the characteristics of load bearing capacity of the soil / ground. In rocky areas, level the weathered, jointed and fissured rocks by chiseling, in steps of about 150 mm and stepped footing built on it, with the foundation width of 600 mm.
Remove small boulders and level the site but leave large boulders. If the rock is massive, chisel it to roughen the surface and build stepped strip footing.
Study on ‘Revision of Unit Cost under Indira Awaas Yojana (IAY) in various Geo-Climatic Zones of the Country’
Sponsored by Ministry of Rural Development, Government of India, New Delhi
MAKING CONSTRUCTION DISASTER RESISTANT
IN EARTHQUAKE PRONE AREAS
FoundationIn areas with Black Cotton soil, foundation should
not rest on soil. Take it deeper till harder strata are found. In case of very deep strata of black cotton soil, under- reamed piles foundation or RC pedestal type columns is recommended.
In cyclone and flood-prone areas , the plinth height is to be raised.
Study on ‘Revision of Unit Cost under Indira Awaas Yojana (IAY) in various Geo-Climatic Zones of the Country’
Sponsored by Ministry of Rural Development, Government of India, New Delhi
TREATMENT AT PLINTH LEVEL
In rocky ground, the seismic band at plinth is not required. Lay damp proof course on the strip foundation as usual. Use cement-sand mortar of 1:3 mix thick or 1 : 2 : 3 concrete 38 mm thick with damp proofing compound, whereas in case of other soils, use RC seismic band.
SEISMIC REINFORCING ELEMENTS IN WALLSThe walls should be reinforced with horizontal seismic
bands and vertical bars. Provide seismic bands at plinth, lintel, ceiling and eave levels and top of gable and ridge walls. All gable walls, whether internal or external, must have the gable band at the top and it should be made continuous with the eave level bands.
Study on ‘Revision of Unit Cost under Indira Awaas Yojana (IAY) in various Geo-Climatic Zones of the Country’
Sponsored by Ministry of Rural Development, Government of India, New Delhi
Hipped vs. Gable Sloping Roof
The four-sloped Hipped roofs are found to be safer than the two-sloped gable roofs in earthquakes as well as cyclones. The main reasons are:
• Four –slope roof is stiffer than two-sloped roof against lateral loads produced during earthquake and windstorms. The wind pressures and suctions are much less on flipped roofs than the gable roofs, hence are safer.
• The triangular gable ends are unstable, be vertical cantilevers, which are easily damaged under lateral are after.
Study on ‘Revision of Unit Cost under Indira Awaas Yojana (IAY) in various Geo-Climatic Zones of the Country’
Sponsored by Ministry of Rural Development, Government of India, New Delhi
CYCLONE SAFETY HOOKS
To make the roofs cyclone safe, the roof band, purlins, rafters, battens and tiles should be attached to each other with hooks made of GI wires to resist strong winds. The tiles thus fitted with hooks can resist the wind pressure of 180 to 200 km/hour. These hooks can be manufactured.
Study on ‘Revision of Unit Cost under Indira Awaas Yojana (IAY) in various Geo-Climatic Zones of the Country’
Sponsored by Ministry of Rural Development, Government of India, New Delhi
RECOMMENDATIONS
1. A methodology to prepare the BPL list to include the real beneficiary should be developed. The list may be cross checked by the officials of Zilla Panchayat / DRDAs before implementation.
2. The BPL list may be updated every after two years. There should also be a provision of including acute BPL beneficiary not included in the approved list.
3. A logo of the IAY along with beneficiary’s name and year of construction must be showcased to identify and popularize the IAY programme.
• Andhra Model may be adopted throughout the country for making the beneficiary’s profile uniform.
5. The cement should be made available at site on subsidized rates to encourage cement mortar / pucca construction instead of mud mortar.
Study on ‘Revision of Unit Cost under Indira Awaas Yojana (IAY) in various Geo-Climatic Zones of the Country’
Sponsored by Ministry of Rural Development, Government of India, New Delhi
Study on ‘Revision of Unit Cost under Indira Awaas Yojana (IAY) in various Geo-Climatic Zones of the Country’
Sponsored by Ministry of Rural Development, Government of India, New Delhi
6. The typology of houses is changing in different regions. This can be made uniform with Model type designs for different geo-climatic regions.
7. In majority of the places, the technical capacity is not available and people are using the traditional methods of construction and are not exposed to the innovative and improved methods of construction having inbuilt advantages. e.g. The provision of Disaster Resistant Features (e.g. cycles, landslides etc). This must be strengthened by providing training to labours involved in construction activity.
Study on ‘Revision of Unit Cost under Indira Awaas Yojana (IAY) in various Geo-Climatic Zones of the Country’
Sponsored by Ministry of Rural Development, Government of India, New Delhi
8. Water and lighting are important for all constructions and the careful planning of these is necessary – a perception that is now better understood than in the past.
9. Rainwater harvesting in a village also has a special significance, especially in areas of chronic water scarcity, accentuated by falling water tables. Roof water harvesting has emerged as an important and practical solution in the villages which can service the kitchen, baths, toilets – something which is rarely done.
Study on ‘Revision of Unit Cost under Indira Awaas Yojana (IAY) in various Geo-Climatic Zones of the Country’
Sponsored by Ministry of Rural Development, Government of India, New Delhi
10. Lighting is essential in all homes in the villages. But power supply is erratic in rural areas. In inaccessible locations like forest and tribal villages, or desert areas, electrification from the grid is both expensive and invariably not feasible.
11.Solar electrification in India, which has abundant sunshine, is clearly an alternative and has always been the practical option for such regions. Solar lanterns can be made available through rural technology parks.
Study on ‘Revision of Unit Cost under Indira Awaas Yojana (IAY) in various Geo-Climatic Zones of the Country’
Sponsored by Ministry of Rural Development, Government of India, New Delhi
12.The lack of sanitation facilities in the villages has been a serious concern and the provision of toilets with dwelling units is now accepted as essential. The cost, the design and the availability of the water are factors which determine the construction and equally important, the utilization of the toilets.
13.The Building Centers must showcase various models of sanitary latrines and soak pits or sumps developed by CBRI and other institutions. These include some which use virtually no water and designs which are relevant for different parts of India.
Study on ‘Revision of Unit Cost under Indira Awaas Yojana (IAY) in various Geo-Climatic Zones of the Country’
Sponsored by Ministry of Rural Development, Government of India, New Delhi
RECOMMENDATIONS
Proposed recommendations for the construction of IAY houses:
Mandatory Requirements
• The houses should be structurally safe to withstand natural disasters such as earthquakes, cyclones and floods etc.
• The masses should be made aware about the techniques, which make the houses safer in the event of natural disasters. Awareness about sanitation facility should also be made.
• The additional fund required in making the houses safer may be partially subsidized and partially be made available in the form of long term loans by the financial institutions.
• To ensure the quality of the construction and adequate utilization of funds, there should be a monitoring system through which the construction work should be monitored by a technical person at block/ district level.
• At village level, accessibility and drainage work should be carried out in a phased manner and not arbitrarily, for proper utilization of the government funds. Also selection of Below Poverty Line (BPL) people should be updated.
• For IAY, building materials may be provided at specific locations in the block, to provide construction materials through fair price outlets. Traditional construction technology and locally available materials should be used in IAY houses.
• Interlinking of various government schemes with IAY for better and sustainable living condition of the rural households such as NREGA, TSC, etc.
Study on ‘Revision of Unit Cost under Indira Awaas Yojana (IAY) in various Geo-Climatic Zones of the Country’
Desirable RequirementsDesirable Requirements
ØØ Considering the scarcity of water, rain water harvesting system Considering the scarcity of water, rain water harvesting system should should be encouraged. The system may be demonstrated at panchayat / blobe encouraged. The system may be demonstrated at panchayat / block ck level.level.
ØØ Higher plinth level is recommended for the houses, having no draHigher plinth level is recommended for the houses, having no drainage inage system and areas prone to water logging and flooding.system and areas prone to water logging and flooding.
ØØ Smokeless chullah, renewable energy sources, bioSmokeless chullah, renewable energy sources, bio--gas etc. should be gas etc. should be made integral part of the scheme for the environmental improvememade integral part of the scheme for the environmental improvement of nt of the rural areas.the rural areas.
ØØ Considering the cost constraint for IAY, prevailing local roofinConsidering the cost constraint for IAY, prevailing local roofing system g system such as roofing tiles, stone patti, GI Sheets etc. may be acceptsuch as roofing tiles, stone patti, GI Sheets etc. may be acceptable for able for the construction of IAY housesthe construction of IAY houses..
ØØ Private entrepreneurs should be encouraged to participate in thePrivate entrepreneurs should be encouraged to participate in the rural rural development schemes.development schemes.
ØØ Dissemination of appropriate LowDissemination of appropriate Low--cost construction technology and cost construction technology and disaster resistance techniques through building centre at block disaster resistance techniques through building centre at block level / level / district level.district level.
ØØ Proper training to skilled, semi skilled manpower related to varProper training to skilled, semi skilled manpower related to various ious building construction technologies.building construction technologies.
STUDY ON REVISION OF UNIT COST UNDER INDIRA AVAS YOJANA (IAY)PROFORMA FOR COLLECTING DATA OF HOUSES
IDENTIFICATION DATA (HOUSE WISE)code1.0Climatic Zone --------------------------------------------1.1State : -----------------------------------------------------1.2District:------------------------------------------------------1.3Block:--------------------------------------------------------1.4Village:------------------------------------------------------1.5Year of Construction:------------------------------------1.6Upgraded / New Construction ------------------------
2. DETAILS OF OCCUPANTS
Name of the beneficiary & family members
Age Sex M / F
Caste (SC-1/ ST-2/ other 3)
BPL1/ Physically Challenged 2)
Occupation Income Monthly in Rs.
Central Building Research Institute, Roorkee- 247667
3. SOIL TYPE & BUILDING MATERIALSType of Soil : --------------------------Locally available building materials & ratesFoundation : ----------------------------Walling : ----------------------------Roofing : ----------------------------Finishing materials: ----------------------------4. ACCESSIBILITY & SERVICESRoad ( Kutcha / Kandanja / WBM/ Tar coal / RCC / Any other) ---------------Drainage (Pucca / Kuttcha / Road side / No Drain) -------------------------------Sanitation ( Septic tank/ sewer line / any other) ------------------------------------Water Supply ( Tap / Hand pump / Well / Pond/ other) --------------------------Electrical connection ( Available / Not available) ----------------------------------5. MATERIALS, STRUCTURAL & CONSTRUCTIONAL ASPECTSFoundationType of Foundation : ----------------------------Depth of Foundation : ----------------------------Material used Foundation & Plinth : ----------------------------DPC - Yes/No., if yes, Material & thickness----------------------------
WallsType of wall (Mud/ Brick / Hollow conc. block / stone/ Blocks etc.)Walls : Material -----------------Thickness----------
Central Building Research Institute, Roorkee- 247667
Columns : Material-----------------Size-----------------------Floor Finish : Kachha/Cement/Brick/Stone/Any Other-----RoofPitched : Thatch MP Tiles Slates GS/AC Sheets
Any other………………………………………………………Flat : RBC RCC Wooden Stone slab
Any other…………………………….Doors
Framed Unframed Any other……………….Type of materials Steel Precast Wooden Any other………
WindowsFramed Unframed Any other……. Type of materials Steel Precast Wooden Any other………
VentilatorsNumber ___________ Size ___________
Finishing materialsRendering on walls : External yes / no , specify if yes ____________
Internal: yes / no , specify if yes _______________ Ceiling Plaster : Yes/No, if yes, material used & thickness_____Roof Terracing : Lime Concrete with tiles
Mud Phuska with tilesAny other
Manpower Charges: Skilled_______ / Unskilled_________
Central Building Research Institute, Roorkee- 247667
6. SPACE ORGANISATION & FUNCTIONAL PERFORMANCE a) Plot Size _______________b) Set Backs : Front_______Back ________ Sides _______________c) Approximate percentage of covered Area _______________d) Indoor space activities
Size S. No
Space Type Length Width Height
No of Doors / Windows
Light / Ventilation
1 Room 1 2 Room 2 3 Kitchen 4 Verandah 5 Store 6 Cattle shed 7 Any Other
e) W.C. Yes/No, if yes type covered/ open/attached/away from house.Size -------------------------------------------f) Bath, yes/No, if yes, type- covered/open/Attached/ away from housesize--------------------
7. OTHER SPACESOutdoor space available / Not available, if available, Specify use……………..
Central Building Research Institute, Roorkee- 247667
12. Sketch Plan of the House
Note: The orientation, North point, position with dimensions of door, window, ventilator etc. should be marked in the sketch plan.
Central Building Research Institute, Roorkee- 247667
23 23 210 23
549
ROOM270x375
ROOM210x220
PLATFORM 210x155
23
375
234
21
270
RIGHT SIDE ELEVATION
CENTRAL BUILDING RESEARCH INSTITUTE, ROORKEE.
PROPOSED MODEL HOUSE FORINDIRA AVAS YOJNA (I. A. Y.)
PROJECT TEAM :
(ALTERNATIVE - 2)
S. K. NEGI
ASHOK KUMAR
NEETA MITTAL
PROF.S. K. BHATTACHARYYAR. K. GARG
DIRECTOR
SCALE: DATE : 10.11.09
45
90120
SECTION AT A-AC. C.FLOORING
30
10
15
20 R.C.C. SLAB 10cm.Thk.PARAPET
D. P. C.
GROUND FLOOR PLAN (plinth area=20sq.m.)
A
A
G. L.
280
REVISIONS :
30
100
23
220
23100
100
G. L.
100
100
80
MINISTRY OF RURAL DEVELOPMENT(RURAL HOUSING DIVISION)
GOVERNMENT OF INDIA
NOTES:1. ALL DIMENSIONS ARE IN CENTIMETERS.2. ONLY WRITTEN DIMENSIONS SHALL BE FOLLOWED.3. FOR ALL R.C.C. WORK, M-20 GRADE CONC. (MIN. 1:1.5:3) SHALL BE USED.4. ALL THE WALLS SHALL BE BUILT IN 1:6 C.M.5. THE FLOORING SHALL BE OF PLAIN CEMENT CONCRETE.
SCHEDULE OF DOORS, WINDOWS & VENTILATORS
TYPESIZESILL HT.R E M A R K SD1100 x 210- - -W190GLAZED WINDOW100 x 120D280 x 210- - - FLUSH DOOR FLUSH DOOR
DRAWN: SHARADCHECKED :
100
800
700
145
421
134
106.5
PLATFORM
P. L.
V1165JALLI45 x 45
W1
W1W1
D1D2
W.C. 110 x 90
BATH110 x 120
V1D2D2PLA
TFO
RM
Roof Projection
ROOM360x285
VER.406x169
23
285
23
146
235
00
23 23 23
406 168.5
GROUND FLOOR PLAN (plinth area=20sq.m.)
45 100
100
75
120
AA
120Bk. Col. 23x23
30
CENTRAL BUILDING RESEARCH INSTITUTE, ROORKEE.
PROPOSED MODEL HOUSE FORINDIRA AVAS YOJNA (I. A. Y.)
PROJECT TEAM :
(ALTERNATIVE - 3)
S. K. NEGI
ASHOK KUMAR
NEETA MITTAL
PROF.S. K. BHATTACHARYYAR. K. GARG
DIRECTOR
SCALE: DATE : 10.11.09
REVISIONS :
MINISTRY OF RURAL DEVELOPMENT(RURAL HOUSING DIVISION)
GOVERNMENT OF INDIA
NOTES:1. ALL DIMENSIONS ARE IN CENTIMETERS.2. ONLY WRITTEN DIMENSIONS SHALL BE FOLLOWED.3. FOR ALL R.C.C. WORK, M-20 GRADE CONC. (MIN. 1:1.5:3) SHALL BE USED.4. ALL THE WALLS SHALL BE BUILT IN 1:6 C.M.5. THE FLOORING SHALL BE OF PLAIN CEMENT CONCRETE.
SCHEDULE OF DOORS, WINDOWS & VENTILATORS
TYPESIZESILL HT.R E M A R K SD1100 x 210- - -W190GLAZED WINDOW100 x 120D280 x 210- - - FLUSH DOOR FLUSH DOOR
DRAWN: SHARADCHECKED :
V1165JALLI45 x 45RIGHT SIDE ELEVATION4
590120
SECTION AT A-A
C. C.
FLOORING
30
10
15
20R.C.C. SLAB 10cm.TH.PARAPET
D. P. C.P. L.G. L.
ROAD
SITE PLAN
144
.5
W
.C.
11
0 x
90
B
AT
H1
10
x 1
20
D2
D2
PLATFORM85.5
850
ROAD
SITE PLAN
CENTRAL BUILDING RESEARCH INSTITUTE, ROORKEE.
PROPOSED MODEL HOUSE FORINDIRA AVAS YOJNA (I. A. Y.)
PROJECT TEAM :
(ALTERNATIVE - 1)
S. K. NEGI
ASHOK KUMAR
NEETA MITTAL
PROF.S. K. BHATTACHARYYAR. K. GARG
DIRECTOR
SCALE: DATE : 10.11.09
REVISIONS :
MINISTRY OF RURAL DEVELOPMENT(RURAL HOUSING DIVISION)
GOVERNMENT OF INDIA
NOTES:1. ALL DIMENSIONS ARE IN CENTIMETERS.2. ONLY WRITTEN DIMENSIONS SHALL BE FOLLOWED.3. FOR ALL R.C.C. WORK, M-20 GRADE CONC. (MIN. 1:1.5:3) SHALL BE USED.4. ALL THE WALLS SHALL BE BUILT IN 1:6 C.M.5. THE FLOORING SHALL BE OF PLAIN CEMENT CONCRETE.
SCHEDULE OF DOORS, WINDOWS & VENTILATORS
TYPESIZESILL HT.R E M A R K SD1100 x 210- - -W190GLAZED WINDOW100 x 120D280 x 210- - - FLUSH DOOR FLUSH DOOR
DRAWN: SHARADCHECKED :
GROUND FLOOR PLAN (Plinth Area = 20.0 sq.m.)
ROOM375x270
ROOM220x210 PLATFORM
155X210
23
23
23
210
235
49
4590120
SECTION AT A-A
C. C.
FLOORING
30
10
30
20R.C.C. SLAB 10cm.TH.PARAPET
D. P. C.G. L.
FRONT ELEVATION
AA2
80
23 220 23 155
421
100
30
V1
165JALLI45 x 45
600
900
120
144
.5
W.C
. 1
10
x 9
0
BA
TH
11
0 x
12
0D
2D
2
PLATFORM
86.5
PLATFORM