HISTORY CHAPTER3: NAZISM AND THE RISE OF HITLER …

GRADE : IX SUBJECT : SOCIAL SCIENCE ASSIGNMENT : 1

G9_SOCIAL SCIENCE POST MID TERM_ASSIGNMENT_2021-22 of 12

HISTORY

CHAPTER3: NAZISM AND THE RISE OF HITLER

ENRICHMENT SHEET

IMPORTANT KEY TERMS

Genocidal: Killing on a large scale leading to destruction of large sections of people.

Gypsies: The groups that were classified as ‘gypsy’ had their own community identity.

e.g. Sinti and Roma, many of them traced their origin to India.

Nazis: Short form of National Socialist German Worker party members.

Propaganda: Specific type of message directly aimed at influencing the opinion of people

using various media.

Allies: The Allies powers were initially led by UK and France. In 1941, they were joined

by the USSR and the USA. They fought against Axis Powers, named Germany, Italy and

Japan.

Reichstag: The name given to the German Parliament.

Reparations: Make up for a wrong done.

Hyperinflations: Inflations of prices occurring at a very high rate.

Proletarianisation: To become impoverished to the level of the working class.

Decree: An official order forced by law.

NAZISM AND THE RISE OF HITLER

Nazism was a system and a structure of ideas about the world and politics. Under the

shadow of the World War II, Germany had started a genocidal war which resulted in the

mass murder of selected groups of innocent Europeans. The number of people killed

included 6 million Jews, 200, 000 Gypsies, 1 million Polish civilians and 70,000 Germans.

Nazis devised an unprecedented means of killing people, that is, by gassing them in

various killing centres like Auschwitz etc.

Hitler, his Propaganda Minister Goebbels and his entire family committed suicide

collectively in April 1945 in his Berlin bunker. In May 1945, Germany surrendered to the

allies.



Many of the other important officials under Nazi Administration committed suicide like

Helmuth’s father who was a prominent doctor and was scared that after the end of the

war, what would happen to him and his family.

An International Military Tribunal at Nuremberg prosecuted Nazi War criminals for

Crimes against Peace, for War Crimes and Crimes against Humanity. The Nuremberg

Tribunal sentenced only eleven leading Nazis to death. Many others were imprisoned for

life. The Allies did not want to be as harsh on defeated Germany as they had been after

the First World War (begun on June 28, 1914).

BIRTH OF THE WEIMAR REPUBLIC

Germany fought the First World War (1914–1918) along with the Austrian empire and

against the Allies (England, France and Russia).

Germany initially made gains by occupying France and Belgium. However, the Allies

won defeating Germany and the Central Powers in 1918.

The defeat of the Imperial Germany and the abdication of the emperor gave an

opportunity to parliamentary parties to recast German polity.

A National Assembly met at Weimer and established a democratic constitution with a

federal structure.

The republic, however, was not received well by its own people largely because of the

terms it was forced to accept after Germany’s defeat at the end of the First World War.

Many Germans held the new Weimer Republic responsible for not only the defeat in the

war but the disgrace at Versailles.

ASSIGNMENT

Very short answer type questions:

1. What was the profession of Helmuth’s father?

2. Name the propaganda minister under Hitler’s regime.

3. Name the countries under Allies power.

4. Which were the countries under the Central Power?

5. Describe the term ‘Genocide’.



Short answer type questions:

6. What was Auschwitz famous for?

7. Why did Helmuth’s father suicide?

8. When did World War I start?

Long answer type question:

9. Write a brief story of Helmuth.

10. Explain the aftermath of Genocidal War in Germany under the shadow of World War II.

CIVICS

CHAPTER 4: ELECTORAL POLITICS

ENRICHMENT SHEET

IMPORTANT KEY TERMS

Factionalism: It refers to splitting up of a group in small fractions. In the political

concept, a group of persons from s minority in a larger group.

Booth Capturing: Supporters or hired musclemen of party or a candidate gain physical

control of a polling booth and caste false votes by threatening everyone or by preventing

genuine voters from reaching the polling booth.

By-election: If a representative from a constituency dies while in office or if the office

falls vacant because of reasons like resignation, fresh elections are held in that particular

constituency.

Constituency: Voters in a geographical area who elect a representative to the Legislative

bodies.

Electoral Roll: It is the voters’ list prepared by a door to door survey to include only

bonafide voters and minimize role of bogus voters.

Universal Adult Franchise: Every Indian citizen of 18 years and above has the right to

vote irrespective of caste, creed and gender.

Electorate: It refers to the entire body of people who are qualified to vote in the elections

for the legislatures or local bodies.



Print Media: Means of public information which consists of newspapers, periodicals and

magazines.

Election Manifesto: A document published by each political party before containing the

policies and programs of the party.

Code of Conduct: A set of norms and guidelines to be followed by political parties and

contesting candidates during election time.

INTRODUCTION

Electoral politics is all about understanding election of representatives, need of elections

and how to make election democratic. It also involves examining the role of the Election

Commission in ensuring free and fair elections.

In a democracy, people do not govern directly. They govern through the elected

representatives is the most common form of democracy.

ELECTION:

The procedure by which people choose their representatives

PROCEDURE OF ELECTIONS:

The procedure of election can be understood by the real example of Haryana Assembly

Elections. It will show how candidates standing in election become representatives and how

power can be removed from their hands.

ASSEMBLY ELECTION IN HARYANA

Formation of New Party ‘Lok Dal’: Haryana had been ruled by Congress Party since

1982. At that time, Chaudhary Devi Lal was an opposition leader. Previously he was the

chief of Haryana Sangharsh Samiti. He led movement called NyayaYudh (Struggle for

Justice) and formed new party ‘Lok Dal’.

In election campaign of 1987 Assembly Election, Devi Lal promised voters that if his

party wins, he would waive the loans of farmers and small businessmen.

As people were unhappy with existing government, they were attracted by Devi Lal’s

promise. They voted in favour. Total 76 seats out of 90 were won by Lok Dal Party along

with its partners. Lok Dal Party alone won 60 seats. The party with the clear majority was

invited by the Governor to form the government and Devi Lal was chosen as the Chief



Minister of Haryana. Lok Dal ruled the state for 4 years. In 1991 election, party did not

win people’s support.

NEED OF ELECTION:

The elections are needed for various reasons like:

They solve problem of assessing people on the basis of education, knowledge or

experience.

They help in analyzing that the people like their representatives or not.

They ensure that the representatives rule as per the wishes of the people and make sure

that those who are not working for the people do not remain their representatives.

ASSIGNMENT

Very short answer type questions:

1. Who was Chaudhary Devi Lal?

2. Name the movement launched by Chaudhary Devi Lal.

3. Name the political party led by Devi Lal.

4. How many seats were won by Lok Dal Party?

5. What were the promises made by Lok Dal Party during election campaign?

Short answer type questions:

6. What is election?

7. Why do we need election?

8. What was the previous name of Lok Dal Party?

Long answer type question:

9. Write few lines about Chaudhary Devi Lal.

10. Write about the measures taken by Chaudhary Devi Lal after winning the Assembly

elections of Haryana.



GEOGRAPHY

CHAPTER 4: CLIMATE

ENRICHMENT SHEET

Every one of us from farmers to businessmen/officials is very eager to know why today it is

very hot. When there will be rainfall? Why there is too much of rainfall? To know about this

entire phenomenon, we need to know about climate. It is a complex phenomenon. First we will

study weather and then season.

Weather: It is average condition of temperature and moisture over an area at any point of time

(24 hours maximum).

Weather conditions fluctuate very often within a day, but there is some common pattern for a

week or month as perhaps you must have observed in these days. The days may have cool or

hot weather; wet or dry weather; cloudy or bright weather etc.

Season: It is average condition of temperature and moisture over an area for 3 to 4 months.

Climate: It is average condition of temperature and moisture over a large area for a longer

period of time (more than 30 years).

Temperature: The degree of internal heat of a body.

Atmospheric pressure: The pressure exerted by the weight of the atmosphere in a unit area of

the surface. It is also known as barometric pressure.

Wind: A natural movement of air of any velocity in any area.

Humidity: A quantity representing the amount of water vapour in the atmosphere.

Precipitation: Shedding of condensed water from atmosphere either in liquid or solid form on

the surface of the earth.

The world has been divided into number of climatic regions. Fortunately India lies in monsoon

climatic region. So we have to study about monsoon as climate of India. Monsoon type of

climate is found in South, South East and Eastern Asia.



CLIMATE OF INDIA:

India is the land of climatic diversity. It is said due to the following reasons:

a. Western Rajasthan has maximum diurnal range of temperature while coastal region has

minimum.

b. Rajasthan has dry weather while coastal area has wet weather.

c. Rajasthan desert records maximum temperature (55oC) while Leh and Ladakh region

records minimum temperature (- 50oC).

d. Rajasthan desert receives minimum rainfall while western coastal plains and Meghalaya

receives maximum rainfall.

FACTORS THAT INFLUENCE THE CLIMATE:

a. Latitude (L): Due to curvature of the earth, the amount of solar energy received varies

according to latitude.

b. Altitude (A): Atmosphere becomes less dense and temperature decreases as we go

towards higher altitude.

c. Nearness of sea (N): Near the sea equable climate is found (neither too hot nor too cold).

d. Distance from sea (D): The places away from sea used to have extreme type of climate

(high temperature during day and low temperature during night).

e. Forest (F): Forested area and nearby area have moderate climate in comparison to

unforested area.

f. Ocean current (O): Hot ocean current increases the temperature while cold ocean

current decreases the temperature.

g. Rainfall (R): Rainfall influences the climate by reducing the temperature.

h. Mountain (M): Mountain influences the climate by checking the wind. Example:

Himalayas and Western Ghat Mountains.

i. Soil (S): In sandy soil region hot climate is found in comparison to clay soil region.



ASSIGNMENT

Answer the following questions:

1. Define the term climate.

2. What is atmospheric pressure?

3. Write any one feature of weather?

4. Write the hottest and coldest place in India.

5. Define Temperature and humidity.

6. Write any three differences between season and climate.

7. Write any three effects of climate on our daily life.

8. How latitude and altitude affect the climate of a place? Explain.

9. “Indian climate is diverse.” Write any five reasons to support your answer.

10. Explain the factors that influence the climate of a place.



ECONOMICS

CHAPTER 3: POVERTY AS A CHALLENGE

ENRICHMENT SHEET

INTRODUCTION

Poverty is the most difficult challenge faced by independent India. Poverty is a condition in

which a person lacks the financial resources and essentials things to enjoy minimum standards

of life. Poor people can be landless labourers in villages, jhuggi and slum dwellers in cities and

towns, daily wage workers at construction sites, child workers in dhabas or even beggars. India

has the largest single concentration of the poor in the world, where every fourth person is poor.

DEFINITION AND MEANING OF POVERTY

Poverty refers to a situation in which a person is not able to get the minimum basic necessities

of life e.g. food, clothing, shelter, education and medical facilities.

It is a state or condition in which a person or community lacks the financial resources and

essentials for a minimum standard of living.



TWO TYPICAL CASES OF POVERTY

The following two cases show many dimensions of poverty, including lack of proper

food, shelter, healthcare, education as well as clean water and sanitation. They also show

lack of a regular means of livelihood.

(i) URBAN CASE

Ram Saran is a daily wage labourer in a flour mill near Ranchi in Jharkhand. He earns

around Rs. 1500 per month when employed. He supports his family of 6 persons, besides

sending some money to his elderly parents. His wife and son also work, but none of his 4

children can attend school. The family lives in a one-room rented house on the outer

areas of the city; the children are undernourished, have very few clothes or footwear and

no access to healthcare.



(ii) RURAL CASE

Lakha Singh is a landless labourer in a small village near Meerut in Uttar Pradesh. By

doing odd jobs for farmers, he earns Rs. 50 per day. Sometimes, he gets some food grain

or other items instead of cash. He is not literate and his family of 8 people lives in a

kuchha hut near the edge of the village. They have no access to healthcare, cannot afford

new clothes or even soap or oil.

POVERTY AS SEEN BY SOCIAL SCIENTISTS

Social scientists measure poverty using many indicators like the levels of income and

consumption, illiteracy level, lack of general resistance due to malnutrition, lack of access to

healthcare, lack of job opportunities, lack of access to safe drinking water, sanitation etc.

SOCIAL EXCLUSION

Social exclusion is a process in which group of people are barred from enjoying certain basic

facilities, benefits and opportunities that the rich enjoy.

Examples: SCs, STs, poor people, etc.



VULNERABILITY

Vulnerability describes the increasing probability of certain backward communities or

individuals of becoming or remaining poor in coming years.

Example: Members of Backward Caste, SCs, STs, widow, handicapped, old age people, etc.

ASSIGNMENT

Answer the following questions:

1. What is the most difficult challenge faced by the independent India?

2. What is poverty?

3. Define social exclusion.

4. What do you mean by vulnerability?

5. Give few examples of vulnerable people.

6. How is poverty seen by social scientist?

7. Poverty is multi dimensional problem. Discuss

8. Enlist the causes of poverty in your own words.

9. Enlist the causes of poverty in your own words.

10. Explain how rural case of poverty is different from urban case of poverty.

HISTORY CHAPTER3: NAZISM AND THE RISE OF HITLER …

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