Discussion

• What do you know about Adolf Hitler and Nazism?

Fascism Rises in Europe• Fascism is loyalty to the state and obedience to its leader• Pushed for extreme nationalism• Peaceful states needed to be conquered• Fascist wore uniforms of certain colors, used special salutes

and held mass rallies• Unlike communism, they believed that classes had place in

society• Fascist were nationalists, communists were

internationalists

Mussolini Takes Control of Italy

• Italy not getting territory in the 1919 Paris Peace Conference and high unemployment, Italy sees social unrest

• Italy wanted a leader to take action

• Local newspapers and politicians wanted Benito Mussolini

• Founded Fascist Party in 1919

Mussolini

• Publicly criticized the Italian govt.• Fascist wearing black shirts

attacked Communists & Socialists on the streets

• Got support from middle class, the aristocracy and industrial leaders

• October 1922, 30,000 Fascists marched on Rome demanding that Mussolini take control

• Mussolini becomes il Duce’s

Mussolini

• Abolished democracy and outlawed all other political parties

• Government censors• Allied with industrialists and large

landowners to control the economy

• Never had total control like Stalin did in Russia or Hitler in Germany

Hitler Rises to Power• Hitler volunteered in the German

Army during WWI• Won the Iron Cross twice for

bravery• Hitler was a high school drop out• Hitler was very close to his

mother• His grandfather suspected of

being Jewish• He was rejected from Art School

Hitler’s Artwork

Hitler’s Artwork

Hitler’s Artwork

Hitler Rises to Power• After WWI, he joined a right

wing political group• National Socialists German

Workers Party (Nazi)• He set up a private militia (storm

troopers or Brown Shirts)• His success as organizer and

speaker led him to be chosen der Fuhrer

• Plots to seize power of Germany

Swastika

Hitler Rises to Power• Hitler is arrested for his plot• While in prison Hitler writes

the book Mein Kampf• Sets the goals and beliefs for

Germany• Germans as the master race• Jews, Slavs, & Gypsies were

inferior• Declared Germany was

overcrowded & needs more space

Hitler Rises to Power• To gain space, he promises

Germany that he will conquer Eastern Europe and Russia

• In 1924 he revives the Nazi Party after leaving prison

• Most Germans did not like him• After the Great Depression

started and U.S. money stop, Germans turned to Hitler