Graduation Presentation Gijs Briët: Recognizing Synergetic Conditions for Cohabitation

7/31/2019 Graduation Presentation Gijs Brit: Recognizing Synergetic Conditions for Cohabitation

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symbolic

functional

interactive

participatory

necessary

optional

social

+ ++

+

intervisibility

constituted

typology of places

connectivity

permeability

quality of housing/services

quality of semi public space

appropriation possibilities

symbolism of appropriation

street visibility

orientation entrances

visual permeability determines movementover-localized decreases integration

connectivity drives movement density ieuse

go-to places, go-through placesby-product spaces

Recognizing Synergetic Conditions or Cohabitation

Proposing an Alternative Method or Acknowledging Local Level

Potentialities into the Municipal Decision-Making Process

P5 Presentation | Department Urbanism | Faculty o ArchitectureTU Delt | 26th June 2010

Author | Gijs Brit | 4031024

Supervisors: Dr. D.A. Seplveda, Pro. H. Bekker ing


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Social Structure

Peri-urban areas (surrounding the city center):

- high density o inhabitants

low percentage o employment

low percentage o high income

Income

24.600

24.900

23.200

22.500

24.700

26.000

24.400

24.400

23.400

23.700

26.90025.800

23.600

28.900

25.900

27.60025.500

28.900

24.300

23.300

30.200

25.500

35.200

34.100

26.000

25.500

33.400

24.800

29.600

23.500

26.000

26.700

25.500

35.700

34.300

60.800

25.700

32.500

25.800

29.900

21.700

23.800

26.600

29.300

50.800

21.500

40.600

57.700

26.600

34.700

30.000

32.100

44.100

27.800

50.300

26.900

42.500

45.400

high low

income

19629

inw/km2

17520

inw/km2

14014

inw/km2

19038

inw/km2

17984

inw/km2

17204

inw/km217183

inw/km2

17194

inw/km2

17032

inw/km2

16902

16697

inw/km2

16336

inw/km2

16271

inw/km2

15740

inw/km2

15651

inw/km2

15398

inw/km214646

inw/km2

14212

inw/km2

12475

inw/km2

12475

inw/km2

12419

inw/km2

11764

inw/km2

10947

inw/km2

10295

inw/km2

9780inw/km2

9756

inw/km2

8698

inw/km2

8605

inw/km2

8375

inw/km2

7943

inw/km2

19629

inw/km2

7273

inw/km2

7042

inw/km2

6408

inw/km2

6001

inw/km2

7053

inw/km2

5503

inw/km2

5877

inw/km2

4661

inw/km2

4885

inw/km2

4819

inw/km2

4938

inw/km2

4656

inw/km2

4386

inw/km2

6163

inw/km2

4302

inw/km2

3806

inw/km2

3590

inw/km2

3369

inw/km2

2825

inw/km2

3254

inw/km2

4054

inw/km2

2533

inw/km2

2763

inw/km22451

inw/km2

1198

inw/km2

1827

inw/km2

Density inh./sq km

high low

density

Employment percentage (15 - 65 yr)

48%

57%

61%

55%

57%

76%

59%

54%

54%

71%

65%59%

62%

68%

61%

63%66%

69%

56%

50%

70%

62%

61%

70%

61%

64%

74%

63%

68%

72%

68%

59%

59%

79%

74%

68%

64%

82%

65%

58%

62%

66%

72%

75%

62%

71%

71%

78%

77%

68%

70%

68%

67%

75%

74%

79%

high low

employment

Project Aim Problem Field Theoretical Framework Method Test Case Oude Westen Recommendation

Rotterdam

Peri-urban area


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Built Structure

Peri-urban areas (surrounding the city center):

- high concentration o social housing

- high concentration o small residences

- vulnerable housing quality


ownership situation

housingassociation

privaterentowner occupied

dwelling surace

vulnerable housingstock

Rotterdam

ownership situation

dwelling surace vulnerable housing stock

Peri-urban area


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Urban Regeneration Approach

Attractive residential city:

balanced composition o the population

Strong economy:more employment opportunities

Through a gentrication strategy:

- diversication the housing stock

- diversication o population


gentrication peri-urban neighborhoods

large urban development areas

Rotterdam


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Gentrication: provides

- Improvement o quality (housing and

public space)

- Role model unction o auent residents


-

+

+ =

+

Regeneration Approach

+

Source: Atkinson, 2003


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Gentrication: runs the risk o

- Displacement o less auent

- Perieral pressure (displacing social issues)

- Efects displacement:

less job opportunitydecrease in mobility -> increase travel time


+

+

?

-

+

+

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

Source: Kleinhans, 2003

Source: Atkinson, 2003

Regeneration Approach

displacement locations

employment opportuntieswithin 45 minpublic transport


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10/50Project Aim Problem Field Theoretical Framework Method Test Case Oude Westen Recommendation

Oude Westen

sloop/nieuwbouw

opknappen

renovatie/samenvoegen

binnenterreinen

energie/groot onderhoud

studie

wijkeconomie

Projecten in

het OudeWesten

2010-2018

W

Z

O

N

Masterplan Housing Association

- In 8 years time 650 o the 3100 social housing unitswill be redeveloped into 400 owner occupied dwellings

- 20% decrease in social housing 3100 -> 2450- 40% increase in owner occupied 650 -> 1050- - 3.5% total housing stock 4300 -> 4065

Present social housing

Urban Regeneration Vision Rotterdam

- Reduce social-economic issues

- Reduce poor housing quality

- Reduce poor spatial quality

Masterplan Housing Association Oude Westen

Through a social mixing strategy

- Diversication o population

- Diversication o building typology

- Reducing number o social housing

- Increase social cohesion

Masterplan housing association

Location Oude westen


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Oude Westen

-

geographically larger social and spatialnetwork

mobility and activity pattern less limitedto local scale

geographically more locally bound

mobility and activity pattern limited byproximity

+

social spatial network

mobility ows

social spatial network

mobility ows

Source: Reijdorp, 2004

Urban Regeneration Vision Rotterdam

- Reduce social-economic issues

- Reduce poor housing quality

- Reduce poor spatial quality

Masterplan Housing Association Oude Westen

Through a social mixing strategy

- Diversication o population

- Diversication o building typology

- Reducing number o social housing

- Increase social cohesion

Focus on built orm and population ignoresdiferent user characteristics andimportance and potential o public space inrelation to cohesion.


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44

4

+

-

-

Socio-Spatial Fragmentation

The urban regeneration approach or central areas o the city

creates a distortion on the local neighborhood level o the Oude

Westen. A distortion that does not provide synergeticcohabitation conditions or dierent income groups.


problem denition


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public space network

public spaceImportance and potential


potential o being part o anetwork providing conditionsor territorial cohesion

Mobility/accessibility/connectivity: Promoting the existingnetwork o ows.

Land uses/activities: Mixed uses with respect to the socio-economic dynamics

Social Dynamics: Public space promoting the activities o diferentsocial groups minimizing social exclusion and marginalization.

Comort/saety: Saety and security through movement withinthe urban network.

physical

social

cultural

economic

symbolic

participatory

source: Janchez & Sepulveda, 2010, Pinto et al., 2010


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dimensions

public space


Mobility Connectivity

Activities

Social Dynamics

Saety

potential o connecting to largernetwork providing conditions orterritorial cohesion

synergetic

conditions or

cohabitation

.

functional

+ ++

.

interactive

.

participatory


potential in providing an alternativeapproach to re-qualiy disarticulatedareas, diminishing the need orextensive social mixing/upgrading


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18/50P j Ai P bl Fi ld Th i l F k M h d T C O d W R d i


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dimensions activities

public spacepotential in providing an alternativeapproach to re-qualiy disarticulatedareas, diminishing the need orextensive social mixing/upgrading



Activities

Social Dynamics

Saety


synergetic

conditions or

cohabitation

.

functional

+ ++

.

interactive

.

participatory

.

necessary

.

optional

.

social

+


saety

.

intervisibility

.

constituted


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dimensions activities

ows

saety

economic

social

public spacepotential in providing an alternativeapproach to re-qualiy disarticulatedareas, diminishing the need orextensive social mixing/upgrading



Activities

Social Dynamics

Saety


synergetic

conditions or

cohabitation

.

functional

+ ++

.

interactive

.

participatory

.

necessary

.

optional

.

social

+

typology ofplaces

.

connectivity

.

permeability

.

intervisibility

.

constituted

visiblecollective

workspace



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connected to center connecting to center and global grid


Assessment

Residential area activated through more accessibility,resulting in more pedestrian ows and potential ordivers program. Resulting in establishing Go-To placesor diferent social groups.

RiskOver-accessibility disrupts the local identity o theneighborhood

(C r n , , nn r r, ) (G l, ) ( ill r, ) ( v. L

i n i n f li

t i i t i i n t h l i l f

y li

u n i n l

i n r i v

r ii ry

n ry

i nl

il

u a l i ty o fh o usi / ser i c es

uality ofsemi ulic sace

a r o r i a t i o o ssi i l i ti es

sy m o l i sm o fa r o r i a t io

street

orietatio

i n r v

n

typology ofplaces

n n i v i y

r m i li y

v i u l r m i li y r m i n m v m nv rl li r in r i n

n n i v i y r i v m v m n n i y i u

l , h r u h l y r u

(C r n, , nn r r, ) (G l, ) ( ill r, ) ( v. L

i n i n f li

t i i t i i n t h l i l

y li

u n i n l

i n r i v

r ii ry

n ry

i nl

il

uality ofhousi /serices


a r o r i a t i o o ssi i l i ti es


street

orietatio

i n r v

n

y l y l

connectivity

r m i l i y

v i u l r m i l i y r mi n m v m nv rl li r in r i n


l , h r u h l y r u

(C r n , , nn r r, ) (G l, ) ( ill r, ) ( v. L

i n i n f li

t i i t i i n t h l i l f

y li

u n i n l

i n r i v

r ii ry

n ry

i nl

il

u a l i ty o fh o usi / ser i c es


a r o r i a t i o o ssi i l i t ies


street is

o r i et a t i oe

i n r v i i

n i

y l y l

n n i v i y

permeability

visualpermeability determinesmovementv rl li r in r i n


l , h r u h l y r u

go-to places, go-through placesby-product spaces

over-connectivity reduces the sense of owner-

ship and place

Residential Go-To Places

integration value

low high

integration value

low high

new connection new connection



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/

Cohabitation Conditions

Spatial Relation

necessary child related activityfunctional dimension optional activity social ac tivityparticipatory dimension t ypo lo gy o f pl ac es c on nec ti vi ty v isi bl e co lle ct ive w ork spa ce

+

interactive dimension

+ +

user intensity

highlow

green structure

j

Conclusions Assessment

city center

Oude Westen

Museum Park

Public Space

The main activities o the public space orientedtowards one single user group

-> Other user groups seek their optional

or social activities elsewhere

Saety

Narrow street structure and lack o intervisibility

-> Meaning unsae and low sociallycontrolled spaces

Connectivity

Residential core poorly integrated into the area

-> Meaning less potential or pedestrianows and diferentiated program



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j

Scenarios

current situation with the introduction o auent residents

Business as

Usual

Extreme Pedestrian

Flows

Following

Masterplan

Following

Societal Trends



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Variables o Scenarios

Variables o the scenarios

connectivity/permeability/pedestrianows

appropriability unctional dimension/necessaryactivity

connections parking spaces program

permeability

connectivity

participatory

interactive

self employed

entrepreneurs

daily system: desire close proximity

workspace: thirdspace environment

environment: exible spaces, interaction

with clients and peers



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Variables o the scenarios in relation to public space network

connectivity/permeability/pedestrianows

unctional dimension/necessaryactivity

permeability

connectivity

self employed

entrepreneurs

daily system: desire close proximity

workspace: thirdspace environment

environment: exible spaces, interaction

with clients and peers

spatially/programmatically integration into thelarger network.

using the potential ows rom the networkconnectivity

Variables o Scenarios



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Scenario: Following Masterplan

Scenarios

Spatial

Intervention

- Pedestrian ow rom/to the citycenter

- Intensication/diversication oprogram as a result o new

connection

- Multiple public spacedimensions acilitate diferentactivities or diferent liestylescreating more interaction

- Removal o parking spacesincreases appropiable space,social surveillance and visibility

- Introduction o auent securespatial quality in western area oresidential neighborhood

- Possible ragmentation iprogram and network o spacesdo not attract both groups ousers

Efects

Risks



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user intensity

highlow

green structure

Role in the Public Space Network

Spatial Relation

Cohabitation Conditions

necessary child related activityfunctional dimension optional ac tivity social activityparticipatory dimension t yp ol og y o f p la ce s c on ne ct iv it y v is ib le c ol le ct iv e w or ks pa ce

+

interactive dimension

+ +

city center

Oude Westen

Museum Park

Scenarios



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clear visual connectionbetween spaces

visual connectionaccentuates the publicspace network

spaces and programstimulates use by allresidents

divers program invitesinteraction

P

P

P

computer repairshop

studio

community cafe

restaurant

neighborhood libraryprimary school

adult education

collective workspace

playground

greenspaceleisure space

meeting place

community center

neighborhood parksocial entrepreneurship center

green spaceleisure space

cafetailor

designer

hairdresser

meeting place

accentuate diferent levelso operation with regardto high street and centralaxis

ocus central axis shouldbe on local level

appropriatory spaceevenly distributed

accentuate diferent typesand hierarchies in publicspaces

increase in intensity o usetowards East

Design Guidelines



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Design Guidelines

Design Guidelines: Network Conditions

creating pedestrianconnectivity towardscenter o theneighborhood

limited connectivity tosecure local identity andsense o ownership

gradual increase inprogram towards citycenter

creating visitor ows thatexplore but do not invade



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New connections and ow intensity (Following Masterplan)

Design

M

C

200

100

50

20

0

user intensity

highlow

green structure

Connection to city center and museum park. in-crease pedestrian ows through park and towardsGerrit Sterkmanplein.

Decreased pedestrain intensity in west o residentialarea acilitating the urban in the lee environment



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P

P

P

Design

Removed parking spaces

Parking spacesMixed Program locations

200

100

50

20

0

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200

100

50

20

0

current built orm

housing or auent

mixed program

playground only

multiple activity place

basketball court

public space paving

leisure space (park)

terrace community center

leisure space nursing home

quay Westersingel

tramlane

parking spaces

Design


D i


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30.8

. 10.6 10.6

8 1.5 18 5 15 6 269.5

9.5 5 27 5 10 269.5

Current situation

Potential situation

Principle

meeting o diferent worldsneighborhood center as landmark

optional -> social activitynecessary activity

Design

Section Park


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D i


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8.2 1 .7 1 .5 3.5 1 .5 1 .7 10.2

8.2 3.2 5.2 3.2 10.2

Principle

extension o center on local scale

social spacenecessary space

Design

Section Gafeldwarsstraat

- connection to city center createsGo-Through place with

By-Product places

- lower priced program location or localentrepreneurship

- Removal o parking spaces orappropriation o space

- Pavement indication o public spacenetwork

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Design


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Section Gerrit Sterkmanplein

1.5 3.5 1.5 1.8 9.51.52.6 3.5 1.59

3.5 3.3 9.5 14.1 3.59 3.53.5

Design

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PolicyScheme


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Public: Municipality Rotterdam,Province Zuid Holland,

Private: Prorail, NS, RET, HarborIndustry, Private Developers,

Education/Medical/R&D Institutes

Public: Municipality Rotterdam,Private: Prorail, NS, RET, Private

Developers (ocies, companies),creative industry, local

entrepreneurs

Public: Municipality Rotterdam,Private: Woonstad (HA), localentrepreneurs, Education/

Medical acilitiesResidents: Action Groups Oude

Westen, local residents

Masterplan Oude WestenImprove leisure, commercial,

residential diferentiation,

Neighborhood Vision

Bind & Seduceincrease saety, social

acilities, vitality, living, publicspace, entrepreneurship

-> gentrication -> spatial,economic, social and saety

interventions

Urban Vision 2030Strengthen economy & residential

attractivity. Gentriy, increasecreative industry in peri-urban

neighborhoods

Residential VisionRise in home-ownership, improvedwelling, residential environment

and acilities

Work Locations

Two Zones: Knowledge& Servicezone /Harbor &

Industrialzone.Increase EMC Hoboken.

Trafc Plan Rotterdam- connected city: growth train and

car trac(concentrated in mainroutes)

- Stimulate cycling and PT useinside city

City LoungeImprove leisure, commercial,

pedestrian quality o inner city.- smart economy - central living

- connected city - culture andleisure

Trafc Plan Inner City- Increase parking space (price

increase to city centerP+R outside center. Residents

parking close to home (garage/street)

Municipality(Rotterdam)

District(Central District)

Neighborhood(Oude Westen)

Visions

Scale

Actors

Transormation vision established rom the perspective o intervening inthe built structure, changing housing typologies

Without a participatory planning approach where stakeholders romdiferent scales are recognized and without the recognition o the

potential o intervening in the public domain in relation to its users,risk o ragmentation will be sustained.

Policy Scheme


Revising Current Decision-Making Process


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Public: Municipality Rotterdam,Province Zuid Holland,

Private: Prorail, NS, RET, HarborIndustry, Private Developers,

Education/Medical/R&D Institutes

Public: Province Zuid Holland,Municipalities

Private: Prorail, NS,

Public: Ministries, Province ZuidHolland,

Private: Prorail, NS,

Public: Municipality Rotterdam,Private: Prorail, NS, RET, Private

Developers (ocies, companies),creative industry, local

entrepreneurs

Public: Municipality Rotterdam,Private: Woonstad (HA), localentrepreneurs, Education/

Medical acilitiesResidents: Action Groups Oude

Westen, local residents

Actors

Mem. SpaceMem. Mobility

Randstad UrgentRandstad 2040

Urban Vision 2030Residential Vision

Work LocationsTrac Plan Rotterdam

City LoungeTrac Plan Inner City

Masterplan Oude WestenNeighborhood Vision

Bind & Seduce

Vision Zuid-HollandProvincial Interest

Municipality(Rotterdam)

Provincial(South-Holland)

National(Netherlands)

District(Central District)

Neighborhood(Oude Westen)

Visions

Scale

Community Action Plan

1. Establishing a partnership between local stakeholders and thelocal authority

2. Establishing the goals3. Doing an analysis o the project area (through the use o the

conditions or cohabitation.4. Creating the vision or the project area5. Followup o the vision

Revising Current Decision Making Process



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Evaluation:

- The Urban Regeneration Approach o the Municipality too limited

- Not recognizing the potentials o the uses and users o the public space

- Method or assessment o the public space (network) and adaptation in relation to the needs o

the residents

- Recommendation to incorporate method in the current decision-making process

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Thank you

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Questions?

Graduation Presentation Gijs Briët: Recognizing Synergetic Conditions for Cohabitation

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