GOFC-GOLD Land Cover Project Office - EEA plans and ......WP 7 Project management 9 Use of expertise...

GOFC-GOLD Workshop, 15.10.08

EEA plans and global activity plansEEA plans and global activity plans

Markus ErhardMarkus Erhard


LC/LU data in EEA’s new strategy (1)• Kopernikus (ex GMES) land monitoring services

support the development of core servicescoordinate in-situ component – facilitate data procurement

• CORINE 2006 and high resolution soil sealinganalysis of land-cover/-use changes and environmental impacts (e.g. fragmentation)

• GEO-GEOSS, GlobCover, GlobCorineEuropean – global interaction, environmental change, Conventions (UNFCCC, CBD,…), ‘beyond GDP’, ‘ecological footprint’

• Water and ecosystem accountsGlobal standards for UN-Environmental Accounting framework (UN, ESTAT, national statistical offices) – focus on land


Kopernikus Land Monitoring ServiceFTSP product portfolio

1. European snapshot based on ortho-rectified satellite imagery (referred to as IMAGE2006);

2. Corine land cover changes 2000-2006;3. Corine land cover map 2006 (referred to as

CLC2006);4. High resolution built-up areas including degree of

soil sealing 2006;5. High resolution forest layer 2006.


Downstream information needsEU Policy and legal framework information requirement

Water Framework directive Characterization of river catchment areas, prevention of groundwater pollution from diffuse and local soil contamination

Community Biodiversity Strategy, Habitats directive, 2010 target, environmental accounting

Designated areas and habitats, change in ecosystems, fragmentation

Common Agriculture Policy (agri-environmental Regulation; CAP evaluations)

Landscape diversity and management, agriculture habitats, mapping rural area

Community Structural Policies (European Spatial Development Perspective –Territorial Cohesion)

Natural assets, land use conflicts, physical planning, territorial development

European Thematic Strategies on Urban Environment and sustainable land use, Soil protection

Urban sprawl, rural-urban relationships, soil sealing, soil erosion,

… …


‘‘The The ChangingChanging Face of EuropeFace of Europe’’


first set of core land cover data products

CLC 2006CLC 2006

BuiltBuilt--up area / sealingup area / sealing

CLC ChangesCLC Changes


Soil sealing product validation

20m * 20m


Involvement of industry in FTSPTotal budget FTSP Land 2006-2008:14.7 Meuro

Private sector

60%

Public sector

40%

TasksPublic sector

Private sector

WP 1.1 Satellite data acquisitionWP 1.2 Ortho-correctionWP 1.3 Satellite image mosaic

WP 2 In-situ and ancillary data collection

WP 3.1 CLC change mapping 2000-2006WP 3.2 Corine land cover mapping 2006WP 4.1 Built-up areas and soil sealing 2006WP 4.2 forest layer

WP 5 Quality control / ValidationWP 6 Data disseminationWP 7 Project management

Use of expertise


Agriculture14%

Demography2%

Education8%

Forestry9%

Health1%

OthersSector6%

Physical Planning

5%

Research14%

Tourism1%

Transport3%

Energy3%

Environment34%

Expected use of FTSP for downstream services


Costs of Monitoring and Reporting**Based on preliminary data for AT, DK, SF, DE, IE, PL, SK, SE, UK

• Annual costs Water and Biodiversity:– Environmental expenditure: 13 B€*

(out of 54 billion in total on environmental protection in EU25)

– Monitoring and reporting: 1-2%of total investment costsor between 0.5-2 € / capita for running the monitoring and reporting system

• Annual costs Land Monitoring Core Service FTSP Land: 1% of total monitoring and reporting costs for water and biodiversity

(Sources: EEA/Eionet 2008, Eurostat 2005)

Evaluation of investment costs FTSP


Snap shot covering EU MS and neighbouring countries

Continuity of Corine land cover guaranteed

Core land cover data available within 1.5 year after the satellite data acquisition

Updates at least every 5 years

Coordination of European with national, regional, local monitoring activitiesBuilding on existing land cover and land use experience and monitoring activities

Co-ownership of the products guaranteed

Open access and free dissemination data policy maintained

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Provisional Evaluation Succes Criteria FTSP

Global PerspectivesGlobal Perspectives

• Environmental accounting SEEA revision 2012/2013, beyond GDP

• from GlobCover to GlobCorine: ESA & EEA, GEO-GEOSS

Source: ESA, 2008


Recurrent policy demand for ONE integrated indicator

• Assessing the direct costs and benefits of environmental protection and management as well as the costs of inaction, at the local, regional & national levels

• Supplementing or mitigating GDP and National Income measurements of economic performance:Should relate to sustainability and human well beingCan be physical, better in moneyShould include a clear bottom lineExisting long lists of indicators don’t really work for that purposePrevious attempts (e.g. “green GDP”) have not been convincing…


Spatial Integration of Environmental & Socio-Economic Data Collection

Mapping

Sampling

Individual Sites Monitoring

Socio-EconomicStatistics

Socio-economic statistics


The approach used to generate land cover accounts records


LEAC: from changes to flows of land cover

LCF3

LCF1

LCF2

LCF5

LCF4

LCF7

LCF6

LCF8

Change Matrix(44x43=1932

possible changes) ‏summarized into

flows

LCF9

1990

2000

Land cover flows

A Ape

F

Ope W

LCF1 Urban land management 737 15 19 0 8 0 0 780LCF2 Urban residential sprawl 1924 1867 200 145 8 3 2 4149LCF3 Sprawl of economic sites and infrastructures 77 2728 1595 665 451 35 22 53 5627LCF4 Agriculture internal conversions 17252 10062 27314LCF5 Conversion from other land cover to agriculture 273 935 1796 1734 155 96 50 5039LCF6 Withdrawal of farming 2393 2860 5253LCF7 Forests creation and management 254 35803 5166 1048 1063 3 43337LCF8 Water bodies creation and management 191 252 253 117 190 17 21 1042LCF9 Changes due to natural & multiple causes 311 44 15 1317 1323 1041 229 252 4534Total Consumption of 1990 land cover, km² 1843 24608 17607 39899 9018 2304 1413 381 97074

No Change 160016 1149717 802502 990736 255914 50289 45502 45473 3500149Total land cover 1990, km² 161860 1174325 820109 1030635 264932 52593 46915 45854 3597223LCF1 Urban land management 780 780LCF2 Urban residential sprawl 4149 4149LCF3 Sprawl of economic sites and infrastructures 5627 5627LCF4 Agriculture internal conversions 15695 11619 27314LCF5 Conversion from other land cover to agriculture 2450 2590 5039LCF6 Withdrawal of farming 1124 2792 1244 23 70 0 5253LCF7 Forests creation and management 42547 766 24 43337LCF8 Water bodies creation and management 21 1021 1042LCF9 Land Cover due to natural & multiple causes 4 2167 1790 313 260 4534Total Formation of 2000 land cover, km² 10556 18144 15333 45343 4177 1858 383 1280 97074

No Change 160016 1149717 802502 990736 255914 50289 45502 45473 3500149Total land cover 2000, km² 170572 1167861 817835 1036079 260090 52147 45885 46754 3597223

Simplified ecosystem accountsSimplified ecosystem accounts

• Globally, change matters [degradation or improvement of ecosystem functioning and attached cost], not the value of the stock

• Global multicriteria rating based on a small number of ecological potential [derived from ecosystem accounts]:

Landscape ecological potential [LEP] (landLandscape ecological potential [LEP] (land--cover, fragmentation)cover, fragmentation)HANPP (HANPP (fAPARfAPAR, NPP, NEP, NEE, carbon, fire, degradation , NPP, NEP, NEE, carbon, fire, degradation ……))Biodiversity rarefaction Biodiversity rarefaction ExergyExergy loss [river basins]loss [river basins]DependanceDependance from external inputs [material/energy, footprint]from external inputs [material/energy, footprint]losses/gains of “points of ecological potential”computating of restoration costs


Example of a first candidate: LEPCorine land cover map (derived from satellite images)‏

Green Background Landscape Index (derived from CLC)‏

Naturilis (derived from Natura2000 & CDDA)‏

Effective Mesh Size (MEFF, derived from TeleAtlas and CLC)‏

net Landscape Ecological Potential (nLEP) 2000, by 1km² grid cell

nLEP 2000 by NUTS 2/3


LEP connects at the local level: e.g. effect of land cover change

UnitsAMVRAKIKOS

GREECECAMARGUE

FRANCEDANUBE DELTA

ROMANIADOÑANA

SPAIN

km² 1802 827 5858 1473

Urban temperature 2000 0-100 1.6 0.3 1.3 0.5

Change in Urban temperature 1990-2000 0-100 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.1

Intensive Agriculture Temperature 2000 0-100 15.8 25.0 11.8 13.4

Change in Intensive Agriculture temperature 1990-2000 0-100 0.1 1.0 0.2 0.7

Landscape Net Ecological Potential 2000 0-100 n.a 39.5 n.a 48.2

Change in Landscape Net Ecological Potential 1990-2000 0-100 n.a -0.7 n.a -1.1

Nature designation index (combined N2000 & national) 0-100 21.5 96.1 90.7 80.0

Mean Effective Mesh Size in SES 2005 logN(MEFF) n.a 150.8 n.a 189.1

Population Density (inhab/km²) 2000 inhabitants 57.9 26.5 7.5 7.5

Surface of coastal Wetland SES

Wetland Socio-Ecological Systems

MEA

N V

ALU

ES P

ER K

M²

Overall budget of the Natural Regional Park of Camargue

2 620 000 €2 440 000 €2 360 000 €1 744 000 €TOTAL

1 020 000 €790 000 €760 000 €254 000 €Field actions’ budget

1 600 000 €1 650 000 €1 600 000 €1 490 000 €Staff and other fix costs

2008200720062005

2 620 000 €2 440 000 €2 360 000 €1 744 000 €TOTAL

1 020 000 €790 000 €760 000 €254 000 €Field actions’ budget

1 600 000 €1 650 000 €1 600 000 €1 490 000 €Staff and other fix costs

2008200720062005

PNRC, 2008.

Next step: calculation of ecosystem maintenance & restoration costs


Links to GOFC-GOLDFrom mapping structures towards ecosystem assessments - attributing quality and quantity for ecosystem service evaluation at all scales (local to global)

• Efforts for long-term operational monitoring (change detection)• QA/QC, validated, harmonized data• Coverage (Europe and global)• Added value on land-cover/-use mapping e.g.

disturbance (fire, degradation)biomass (forest density, LAI etc) biophysical parameters (fAPAR, NPP) and fluxes (GhG,carbon, water)biomass, NEP / NEE / C-sequestration monitoring link to Kopernikus global land monitoring services

Thank you for your attention!

http://[email protected]

GOFC-GOLD Land Cover Project Office - EEA plans and ......WP 7 Project management 9 Use of expertise...

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Transcript of GOFC-GOLD Land Cover Project Office - EEA plans and ......WP 7 Project management 9 Use of expertise...