DEPARTMENT OF ZOOLOGYGOVT. V.Y.T. PG. AUTONOMOUS COLLEGE DURG

Approved syllabus for M.Sc. ZOOLOGY by the members of Board of Studies for the Sessions 2017 - 18

Syllabus and Marking Scheme for Semester - II (2017-18)

Paper No. Title of the Paper

Marks Allotted in Theory

Marks Allotted in Internal Assessment

Credits

Max Min Max. Min.

IPOPULATION GENETICS AND EVOLUTION 80 16 20 04 05

II REPRODUCTIVE BIOLOGY 80 16 20 04 05

IIITOOLS AND TECHNIQUES IN BIOLOGY 80 16 20 04 05

IVENVIRONMENTAL PHYSIOLOGY 80 16 20 04 05

V

Lab Course IPOPULATION GENETICS AND EVOLUTION , REPRODUCTIVE BIOLOGY

100 33 04

IVLab Course IITOOLS AND TECHNIQUES IN BIOLOGY ENVIRONMENTAL PHYSIOLOGY

100 33 04

Total 520 80 28

04 Theory papers - 320

04 Internal Assessment - 80

02 Practical - 200

Total Marks - 600

Credits - 28

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GOVT. V.Y.T. PG. AUTONOMOUS COLLEGE DURGM.Sc. ZOOLOGY

Semester - IISESSION 2017-2018

PAPER- IPOPULATION GENETICS & EVOLUTION

Max. M.- 80UNIT -I Min. M.-16

Quantifying genetic variability: Genetic variation, Allele frequencies. Genetic structure of natural populations: Introduction, Optimum phenotypes & selection

pressure. Kinds of selection, genetic variability, Canalization, genetic homeostasis. Phenotypic variation: Loss of genetic variations, genetic load, genetic death, mutational &

segregation loads, Genetic Equilibrium: Balancing selection, mutation drift balance, Mutation selection balance.

UNIT - II Analysis of quantitative traits: Quantitative traits and natural selections. Estimation of heritability: Narrow sense & Broad sense Heritability. Genotype environmental interactions. Phylogenetic & Biological concept of species. Pattern & Mechanism of Reproductive Isolation. Modes of speciation (Allopatric, Sympatric & Parapatric.)

UNIT - III Concept of Evolution: Microevolution, Mesoevolution and macroevolution. Theories of evolution with an emphasis on Darwinism. Emergence of Neo–Darwinism, neutral

theory of Evolution. Molecular Clock. Neo -Darwinism: Hardy - Weinberg law of genetic equilibrium.

UNIT - IV Modern Synthetic theory of Evolution. Molecular evolution: Gene evolution, gene families, Molecular drive. Natural selection, Mutation, Genetic drift, Migration, Meiotic-drive. Evolution of horse and man.

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SUGGESTED READING MATERIALS - (ALL LATEST EDITION).

1. Gene & Evolution: Jha A.P. John Publication, New Delhi.

2. Evolution & Genetics: Merrel D.J. Holt rinchert & Wiston INC.

3. The Genetics & Origin of Species: Dobzhansky, Columbia University Press.

4. Evolution: Dobzhansky, Ayala F.J., Stebbins G.L. & Valentine J.M. Surjeet Publication New

Delhi.

5. Species Evolution - The Role of Chromosomal Change: King M. Cambridge University

Press, Cambridge.

6. A Primer of Population Genetics - Hartl D.L. Suinaer Associates INC, Massachusetts.

7. Evolutionary Genetics: Smith J.M. Oxford University Press, NewYork.

8. Evolutionary Biology: Futuyama D.J. Suinaer Associates INC publishers, Dunderland.

9. Evolution: Strikberger M.W. Johns & Bartett Publishers, Boston London.

The syllabus for Paper Ist (M.Sc. ZOOLOGY, Sem. - II) is hereby approved for the session 2017 -18.

Name and Signatures

Chairperson /H.O.D

…………………………………………………

Subject Expert

…………………………………………………

Subject Expert

……………………………………………

Subject Expert

…………………………………………………

Representative from Industry/entrepreneur

…………………………………………………

Student representative

…………………………………………………

Other Prof. from Science faculty

…………………………………………………

Departmental members

1. ……………………………………………

2.……………………………………………

3. ……………………………………………

4. ……………………………………………

5. ……………………………………………

6………………………………………………

7. ……………………………………………

8………………………………………………

3

EVALUATION PATTERN Theory 80 marks = 04 Credits

1. Very short answer type questions– Altogether 10 questions will be set from the entire syllabus,

and shall be compulsory. (02X10 =20)

OR

Reference to context for literature students– Altogether 08 passages from the text prescribed for

detailed study. (05X04 = 20)

2. Short answer type question– Altogether 08 questions to be set i.e. two questions from each unit

with the internal choice. The candidates are required to solve one question from each unit.

(05X04 = 20)

3. Long answer type question– Altogether 08 questions to be set i. e. two questions from each unit

with the internal choice. The candidates are required to solve one question from each unit.

(10X04 = 40)

4

GOVT. V.Y.T. PG. AUTONOMOUS COLLEGE DURGM.Sc. ZOOLOGY

Semester - IISESSION 2017-2018

PAPER- IIREPRODUCTIVE BIOLOGY

Max. M.-80UNIT- I Min. M.-16

Structure of Testis: Morphology & function of Leydig cell, Sertoli cells. Composition and function of seminal & prostatic fluid. Spermatogenesis, spermeogenesis & its Hormonal regulation. Structure of vertebrate sperm. Transportation of sperm. Impotence.

UNIT II Structure of ovary: Ovarian follicular growth, oogenesis & its hormonal regulation. Types of eggs in vertebrate. Puberty, menarchy, menopause.

UNIT III Fertilization: External & internal. Biochemistry of Fertilization- Capacitation and Acrosomal reaction. Pre & post fertilization events, yolk metabolism. Pheromones and reproductions

UNIT IV Cleavage. Gastrulation, fate maps. Placentation. Extra embryonic membrane. Metamorphosis (progressive & retrogressive).

SUGGESTED READING MATERIALS - (ALL LATEST EDITION).

1. Foundation of Embryology: Bradley N.Patten, McGrow Publication.

2. Fertilization in Animal: Brain Dale, Arnold Heiniman, Gulab Vazerani Publication.

3. Developmental Biology: N.J. Berril, Tata McGrow Hill Publication N. Delhi.

4. Embryology of Vertebrates: Nelson.

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The syllabus for Paper IInd (M.Sc. ZOOLOGY, Sem. - II) is hereby approved for the session 2017 -18.

Name and Signatures

Chairperson /H.O.D

…………………………………………………

Subject Expert

…………………………………………………

Subject Expert

……………………………………………

Subject Expert

…………………………………………………

Representative from Industry/entrepreneur

…………………………………………………

Student representative

…………………………………………………

Other Prof. from Science faculty

…………………………………………………

Departmental members

1. ……………………………………………

2.……………………………………………

3. ……………………………………………

4. ……………………………………………

5. ……………………………………………

6………………………………………………

7. ……………………………………………

8………………………………………………

EVALUATION PATTERN

Theory 80 marks = 04 Credits

1. Very short answer type questions– Altogether 10 questions will be set from the entire syllabus,

and shall be compulsory. (02X10 =20)

OR

Reference to context for literature students– Altogether 08 passages from the text prescribed for

detailed study. (05X04 = 20)

2. Short answer type question– Altogether 08 questions to be set i.e. two questions from each unit

with the internal choice. The candidates are required to solve one question from each unit.

(05X04 = 20)

3. Long answer type question– Altogether 08 questions to be set i.e. two questions from each unit

with the internal choice. The candidates are required to solve one question from each unit.

(10X04 = 40)

6

GOVT. V.Y.T. PG. AUTONOMOUS COLLEGE DURGM.Sc. ZOOLOGY

Semester - IISESSION 2017-2018

Paper - IIITOOLS & TECHNIQUE IN BIOLOGY

Max. M.- 80UNIT -1 Min. M.-16Principles and uses of analytical instruments.

Balances – different parts & uses. pH meter – Principle, construction, types & uses. Colorimeters – Principle, construction, types & uses. Spectrophotometer – Principle, construction, types & uses. Ultra centrifuge – Principle, construction, types & uses. Spectroflurometer– Principle, construction, types & uses. Radioactivity counter– Principle, construction, types & uses.

UNIT – IIMicroscopy.

Principles of light transmission, Phase contrast microscope – principle, construction & uses Fluorescence microscope – principle, construction & uses Transmission electron microscope(TEM) – principle, construction & uses Scanning Electron microscopes (SEM) – principle, construction & uses Immunological Techniques-ELISA and RIA . Cryopreservation – different process & uses.

UNIT-IIISeparation techniques in biology:-

Chromatography – Principle, process (method) & uses of Paper, Thin layer & Ion Exchange chromatography.

Gel Electrophoresis – Principle, process (method) & uses. Centrifugation – Principle, process (method) & uses of Density gradient centrifugation and

Unit gravity centrifugation. Flow cytometry – Principle, process (method) & uses

UNIT – IVBiosensors - Types and applications.Cell culture -

Culture media –NAM and PDA , Cell harvesting methods, Cell proliferation measurements.

Sterilization techniques – Chemical and physical methods of sterilization Principle, Construction and Uses of Autoclave and Laminar Air FlowSUGGESTED READING MATERIALS - (ALL LATEST EDITION).

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1. Practical Biochemistry: Wilson & Walker, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge.

2. Text book of Biotechnology: Chatwal G.R. Anmol publications Pvt. Ltd. New Delhi.

3. Tools of Biochemistry: Cooper T.G.

4. Microbiology: Sharma P.D. Rastogi publication, Meerut.

The syllabus for Paper IIIrd (M.Sc. ZOOLOGY, Sem. - II) is hereby approved for the session 2017 -18.

Name and Signatures

Chairperson /H.O.D

…………………………………………………

Subject Expert

…………………………………………………

Subject Expert

……………………………………………

Subject Expert

…………………………………………………

Representative from Industry/entrepreneur

…………………………………………………

Student representative

…………………………………………………

Other Prof. from Science faculty

…………………………………………………

Departmental members

1. ……………………………………………

2.……………………………………………

3. ……………………………………………

4. ……………………………………………

5. ……………………………………………

6………………………………………………

7. ……………………………………………

8………………………………………………

EVALUATION PATTERN

8

Theory 80 marks = 04 Credits

1. Very short answer type questions– Altogether 10 questions will be set from the entire syllabus,

and shall be compulsory. (02X10 =20)

OR

Reference to context for literature students– Altogether 08 passages from the text prescribed for

detailed study. (05X04 = 20)

2. Short answer type question– Altogether 08 questions to be set i.e. two questions from each unit

with the internal choice. The candidates are required to solve one question from each unit.

(05X04 = 20)

3. Long answer type question– Altogether 08 questions to be set i.e. two questions from each unit

with the internal choice. The candidates are required to solve one question from each unit.

(10X04 = 40)

GOVT. V.Y.T. PG. AUTONOMOUS COLLEGE DURGM.Sc. ZOOLOGY (2017-18)

9

Semester – IIPaper -IV

ENVIRONMENTAL PHYSIOLOGY

Max. M. - 80

UNIT – I Min. M.-16 Adaptation: Pre adaptation and post adaptation, Causes of adaptation, Mechanism of

adaptation, Adaptive radiation: Adaptive radiation in mammals, Causes and Significance. Acclimatization. Mimicry and Coloration

UNIT –II Freshwater Adaptation in animals: Lentic habitat & Lotic habitat. Marine water Adaptation in animals: Benthic Region, Pelagic Region and Deep Sea Region. Estuaries Adaptation in animals. Terrestrial Adaptation in animals: Desert, arboreal, Burrowing, Cursorial & Cave. Aerial adaptation Parasitic Adaptation

UNIT –III Basic concept of environmental stress and strain. Role of hormone during stress and strain. Homeostasis. Thermoregulation. Physiological response to body exercise.

UNIT-IV Osmoregulation: Fresh and marine fishes and in human beings. Physiological response to oxygen deficient stress. Acid–base balance in mammals. Meditation, yoga and their effects on digestive, respiratory and endocrine system. Significance of body size.

SUGGESTED READING MATERIALS - (ALL LATEST EDITION).

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1. ANIMAL PHYSIOLOGY, MECHANISM AND ADAPTATION: Eckert, R., W.H.

Freeman and Co.

2. BIOCHEMICAL ADAPTATION: Hochachka, P.W, and Somero S.N, Princeton, New

Jersey.

3. ANIMAL PHYSIOLOGY, ADAPTATION AND ENVIRONMENT: Hochachka, P.W. and

Somero S.N, Princeton, New Jersey Schiemidt Nielsen, Cambridge.

4. GENERAL & COMPARATIVE ANIMAL PHYSIOLOGY: Hoar W.S. Princeton Hall of

India.

5. ENVIRONMENTAL PHYSIOLOGY: Willmer, P.G. Stone & Johansan I, Blackwell Science

Oxford.

The syllabus for Paper IVth (M.Sc. ZOOLOGY, Sem. - II) is hereby approved for the session 2017 -18.

Name and Signatures

Chairperson /H.O.D

…………………………………………………

Subject Expert

…………………………………………………

Subject Expert

……………………………………………

Subject Expert

…………………………………………………

Representative from Industry/entrepreneur

…………………………………………………

Student representative

…………………………………………………

Other Prof. from Science faculty

…………………………………………………

Departmental members

1. ……………………………………………

2.……………………………………………

3. ……………………………………………

4. ……………………………………………

5. ……………………………………………

6………………………………………………

7. ……………………………………………

8………………………………………………

EVALUATION PATTERN

11

Theory 80 marks = 04 Credits

1. Very short answer type questions– Altogether 10 questions will be set from the entire syllabus,

and shall be compulsory. (02X10 =20)

OR

Reference to context for literature students– Altogether 08 passages from the text prescribed for

detailed study. (05X04 = 20)

2. Short answer type question– Altogether 08 questions to be set i.e. two questions from each unit

with the internal choice. The candidates are required to solve one question from each unit.

(05X04 = 20)

3. Long answer type question– Altogether 08 questions to be set i.e. two questions from each unit

with the internal choice. The candidates are required to solve one question from each unit.

(10X04 = 40)

M.Sc. ZOOLOGY (2017-18)

12

SEMESTER – IILAB COURSE-I

(Syllabus & Scheme of Marks allotment in Practical examination)

1. PRACTICALS BASED ON POPULATION ESTIMATION & POPULATION GENETICS.

2. EXERCISES BASED ON EVOLUTION.

3. IDENTIFICATION OF STAGES OF OOGENESIS & SPERMATOGENESIS.

4. IDENTIFICATION OF DEVELOPMENTAL STAGES OF GONADS.

5. IDENTIFICATION OF GAMETES.

6. STUDY OF GONADS (HISTOLOGY OF TESTES & OVARY) IN VERTEBRATES

(THROUGH MICROTOMY).

EXAMINATION SCHEME

M.Sc. ZOOLOGY (2017-18)SEMESTER – II

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S.NO. EXERCISES MARKS

1. EXPERIMENT BASED ON POPULATION GENETICS 25

2. EXERCISE BASED ON EVOLUTION 15

3. EXERCISE BASED ON REPRODUCTIVE BIOLOGY 25

4. VIVA 15

5. SESSIONAL 20

TOTAL 100

LAB COURSE-1I(Syllabus & Scheme of Marks allotment in Practical examination)

APPLICATIONS OF FOLLOWING EQUIPMENTS IN BIOLOGICAL TECHNIQUES:

pH METER, COLORIMETER/SPECTROPHOTOMETER,CHROMATOGRAPHY (PAPER

& THIN LAYER), CENTRIFUGATION, MICROSCOPE.

MEDIA PREPARATION AND CULTURE TECHNIQUES.

DETERMINATION OF BLOOD PRESSURE UNDER NORMAL AND STRESSED

CONDITION.

QUANTITATIVE ESTIMATION OF GLUCOSE LEVEL IN BLOOD.

OXYGEN CONSUMPTION OF ANIMALS UNDERS STRESS.

EXAMINATION SCHEME

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S.NO. EXERCISE MARKS

1.TWO EXPERIMENTS BASED ON TOOLS AND

TECHINIQUES 30

2. TYPES OF MICROSCOPE. 05

3.TWO EXERCISE BASED ON ENVIRONMENTAL

PHYSIOLOGY 30

4. VIVA 15

5. SESSIONAL 20

TOTAL - 100

The syllabus for M.Sc. ZOOLOGY, Sem. - II is hereby approved for the sessions 2017 -18.

[Name and Signatures

Chairperson /H.O.D

…………………………………………………

Subject Expert

…………………………………………………

Subject Expert

……………………………………………

Subject Expert

…………………………………………………

Representative from Industry/entrepreneur

…………………………………………………

Student representative

…………………………………………………

Other prof. from Science faculty

…………………………………………………

Departmental members

1. ……………………………………………

2.……………………………………………

3. ……………………………………………

4. ……………………………………………

5. ……………………………………………

6………………………………………………

7. ……………………………………………

8………………………………………………

GENERAL INSTRUCTIONS FOR STUDENTS

1. The candidate has to obtain minimum 20% marks in each theory paper and internal assessment

separately.

2. The candidate has to secure minimum 36% marks as an aggregate in order to pass that semester

examination.

3. The internal assessment shall include class test, home assignment and seminar presentation.

4. a. In internal assessment, the marks taken into consideration will be the average of two tests (i.e.

the class test and the home assignment) for each paper and shall of 20 marks.

b. The seminar shall be in lieu of class test and home assignment combined and shall be of 20

marks.

c. There shall be one seminar in each semester. Paper I will be dedicated to seminar in first

semester, similarly paper II to second semester, paper III to third semester and paper IV to fourth

semester respectively for the purpose of Internal assessment.

d. The marking of seminar shall be in terms of hard copy submission (10 marks) and

presentation and open discussion (10 marks).

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5. The grading system shall be implemented from the session 2015-2016 onwards for the students

admitted in the first semester of all PG programmes.

DIRECTIVES FOR STUDENTS, FACULTY AND EXAMINERS

1. There shall be three sections (Section A, B, and C) in each theory paper.

2. Section A shall contain very short answer type questions (One or two line answer) or objective

type questions (fill in the blank, not multiple choice questions).

3. Section B shall contain short answer type questions with the limit of 250 words.

4. Section C shall contain long answer/ descriptive type questions. The students are required to

answer precisely and the answer should not exceed the limit of 450 words.

5. The students are required to study the content mentioned in the curriculum exhaustively.

EVALUATION PATTERN Theory 80 marks = 04 Credits

1. Very short answer type questions– Altogether 10 questions will be set from the entire syllabus,

and shall be compulsory. (02X10 =20)

OR

Reference to context for literature students– Altogether 08 passages from the text prescribed for

detailed study. (05X04 = 20)

2. Short answer type question– Altogether 08 questions to be set i.e. two from each unit with the

internal choice. The candidates are required to solve one from each unit. (05X04 = 20)

3. Long answer type question– Altogether 08 questions to be set i.e. two from each unit with the

internal choice. The candidates are required to solve one from each unit. (10X04 = 40)

Internal Assessment 20 marks = 01 credit

Unit test – One class test in each theory paper comprising 20 marks. (containing two short

answer type questions of 05 marks each and 05 objective type questions of 10 marks).

Home assignments – Two long answer type questions from each theory paper containing 10

marks eacvh. The answer should be prepared with the help of standard reference books. (The

titles of those books, authors, year of publication and publishers details should be mentioned in

an appropriate way, at the end of each assignment).

Seminar presentations (Power point) – Comprising 20 marks.

Paper I will be completely dedicated to seminar in first semester, similarly paper II to second

semester, paper III to third semester and paper IV to fourth semester respectively for the purpos

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of Internal Assessment. The marking of seminar shall be in terms of hard copy submission (10

marks) and presentation and open discussion (10 marks).

Practical/Field Survey of 100 marks = 04 credits

Practical 200 marks = 08 credits

Two practicals of 100 marks each

Field Work / Project work ( in lieu of theory papers) 200 marks = 08 credits

CREDIT ALLOTMENTS

Theory Paper = 05 credits (04+01)

Practical = 04/ 08 credits

Field work / Project and viva (in lieu of two theory papers) = 08 credits

TOTAL CREDITS/ SEMESTER

Science Subjects with 04 theory papers (100 each) and one /two practical ( 100 each) – 20 + 08

= 28 credits

Science Subjects with 05 theory papers (no practical-Maths) – 25 credits

Arts Subjects with 04 theory papers – 20 credits

Arts Subjects with 05 theory papers – 25 credits

Commerce subject with 05 theory papers – 25 credits

TOTAL CREDITS / PROGRAMME

16 Theory + 08 Practical + Project work – 80 + 32 + 08 = 120 credits

20 Theory – 100 credits (Maths)

20 Theory – 100 credits (Arts and Commerce)

16 Theory – 80 credits (Arts)

The syllabus (M.Sc. ZOOLOGY , Sem. - II) is hereby approved for thesessions 2017 -18.

17

Name and Signatures

Chairperson /H.O.D

…………………………………………………

Subject Expert

…………………………………………………

Subject Expert

……………………………………………

Subject Expert

…………………………………………………

Representative from Industry/entrepreneur

…………………………………………………

Student representative

…………………………………………………

Other prof. from Science faculty

…………………………………………………

Departmental members

1. ……………………………………………

2.……………………………………………

3. ……………………………………………

4. ……………………………………………

5. ……………………………………………

6………………………………………………

7. ……………………………………………

8………………………………………………

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