General Overview of Spanish LNG Sector - ec.europa.eu · November 2018 3 Gas Indicators Evolution...

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General Overview of Spanish LNG Sector Rocío Prieto Subdirectora de Gas Natural 27 th November 2018

Transcript of General Overview of Spanish LNG Sector - ec.europa.eu · November 2018 3 Gas Indicators Evolution...

Page 1: General Overview of Spanish LNG Sector - ec.europa.eu · November 2018 3 Gas Indicators Evolution 1998 2018 Demand 13 bcm 30 bcm Customers 3,5 mill. 7,8 mill. Ratio in primaryenergy

General Overview of Spanish LNG Sector 

Rocío PrietoSubdirectora de Gas Natural

27th November 2018

Page 2: General Overview of Spanish LNG Sector - ec.europa.eu · November 2018 3 Gas Indicators Evolution 1998 2018 Demand 13 bcm 30 bcm Customers 3,5 mill. 7,8 mill. Ratio in primaryenergy

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INDEX

I. GENERAL OVERVIEWII. LNG in Spain today

• Wholesale prices and LNG• Utilization of the terminals• Regulation of access• OTC market• Remuneration and tariffs• Current problems

III. Future LNG model in Spain

November 2018

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3November 2018

Gas Indicators Evolution 1998 2018Demand 13 bcm 30 bcm

Customers 3,5 mill. 7,8 mill.

Ratio in primary energy 11% 20%

Number of shippers Almost only one More than 70

Transmission Network size 5.000 km More than 12.000 km

Distribution Network size 24.000 km More than 60.000 km

Regasification terminals 3  7

Underground Storage capacity (working gas) 22.864 GWh 32.057 GWh

Supply diversification 5 different origins 13 different origins

General Overview

Spanish gas sector developed initially and expanded geographically because of LNG availability

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OviedoSantander

Palencia

Valladolid

Burgos

A Coruña

Zamora

LeónPontevedraOurense

Salamanca Segovia

Lugo

ZaragozaSoria

Cuenca

Jaén

PLANTA DE HUELVAPOSEIDÓN

A.S.MARISMAS

Viura

Granada

Málaga

Córdoba

Cádiz

HuelvaSevilla

Algeciras

Jerez

Estepona

Motril

Puente Genil

48”

C.I. BADAJOZ

CáceresToledo

Talavera

PLANTA DE BILBAO

A.S. GAVIOTA

C.I. TARIFA

Pamplona

S. Sebastián

Vitoria NAVARRA

Huesca

Lleida

Tarragona

Barcelona

Castellón

Valencia

Alicante

Murcia

Ciudad Real

Cartagena

Lorca

Albacete

PLANTA DE CARTAGENA

32”

28”

20”

26”

Aranda

Guadalajara

26”

26”

20”

30”

20”

20”

20”12”

12”

16”Ponferrada

20”

12”

30”

24”

30”

Mérida

Plasencia

Linares

Arcos

16”

12”

Monzón Manresa10”

Montmeló

Girona

10”

1.546

Larrau

Tamarite

Cabanas

Vigo

Guitiriz

Santiago

C.I. TUY

Astorga

Villamañan

Benavente

AvilésGijón

Luarca

Langreo

Reinosa

Miranda

Arrigorriaga

Irún

Tordesillas Cuéllar

Castejón

Sangüesa

12”

Castelnou

Tortosa

Alcora

20”Segorbe

Sagunto

16”

12”

10”

20”

10”

16”

8”

Cheste6”

Agullent

Elche

20”

16”

Logroño

Lisboa

Sines

Guarda

Viseu

Braga

Oporto

Portalegre

Campomaior

Bidoeira

PLANTA DE SINES

26”

20”

30” Teruel

20”

Villamayor

1.350

1.950

Almería

OlmedoMedina delCampo

12”

20”

28”

32”

16”

12”

12”

24”

20”

Jerez de los Caballeros

Ávila

PLANTA DE SAGUNTO

A.S. CARRIZO

Mijas

Villacarrillo

6”

6”

Almazán

12”

Treto

30”30”

12”

Turégano

238

Caspe

Aranjuez

Totana

1.000

C.I. IRÚN(ampliación 2015)

Agreda

Calatayud

10”

Almacenamiento subterráneo (Mm3(n) gas)

Almacenamiento subterráneo (parado)

Capacidad de extracción (miles de m3(n)/h de gas)

Estación de compresión

Gasoducto de transporte (primario)Gasoducto de transporte (secundario)(en proyecto/construcción)

PLANTA DEL MUSEL

200

Planta de regasificación (miles de m3 de GNL)

Planta de regasificación (hibernación/proyecto)

Capacidad de regasificación (miles de m3(n)/h)

Capacidad de regasificación (en proyecto/const.)

Yacimiento

Conexión intern. (miles de m3(n)/h) (INV./VERANO)

PLANTA DE TENERIFE

PLANTA DE GRAN CANARIA

150

12”

Ejea

Otero de Herreros 

12”

Arévalo

36”

8”

Lemona

Llanera26”

Almonte

16”

Villarrobledo

Abegondo

Vegadeo

20”

42”

30” Reus

30”

Bermeo

Onda

Figueres36”

Villapresente

ViellaLa Jonquera

26”40”

Villanueva de la Serena

Miajadas

12”

Martorell

Guadix16”

Zarza de Tajo

Andorra la Vella

C.I. ALMERÍA

150 150 150 150

PLANTA DE BARCELONA

1.125

120

PLANTA DE MUGARDOS

413150 150

As Pontes 150 150 150

150

800

820A.S. SERRABLO

283

C.I. LARRAU(ampliación 2013)

150800 15020”

55 105

1.350 150150

150

20”

20”

26”

20”

Arganda

A.S. YELA

A.S. CASTOR

TIVISSA BANYERES

PATERNA

1.300

Vinarós26”

1.042

1.050625 26”

Almussafes

Caudete

Igualada

12”

CREVILLENT

Orihuela

Baza Huércal‐Overa

Vilches

Martos

10”

16”

171

300

Viana do Castelo

Cantanhede

Mangualde

Lares

Torres Vedras Cartaxo

28”

28”

Montemor

Palmela

Monforte

Pego

EstarrejaAveiro

Valença do Minho

Porto Coelheiros

Gaia

CARREGADO

Setúbal

DENIACHINCHILLA

MONTESA

HARO

VILLAR DEARNEDO

ALGETE

CORESES

ALCÁZAR DESAN JUAN

Puertollano

ALMODÓVARALMENDRALEJO

DOS HERMANAS60100150150160

127 150 150

80 80 150 150 150 150

120

16”

10”

26”

Bilbao

Bergara

26”

26”

20”Boecillo

Collado Hermoso8”

Santo Tomé

26”

26”

26”

10”4”

Barbastro6”

20”

16” 12”

Getafe20”

16”12”

Madrid Alcalá

26”

10”

32”

32”

Palma

Ibiza10”

14”Son Reus

Sabón20”

Banyeres

14”

8”

8”

24”

8”

12”

26”

10”

VILLAFRANCA36”

14”

36”

Besós

10”

Villalba

6”

Alfarrás

EUSKADOUR

Santa Cruz

Las Palmas  

12”

Calamocha

8”

Solsona

Subirats

12”

Altea6”

Ezcaray10”

12” 8”

8”

Rota

Peñaranda

12”

10”

Alcañiz

Ariño

Azaila10”

10”

La RoblaGuardo

16”

10”

8”

16”

10”Cártama

20”

8”

Villafranca

16”

8”

62452

8”

16”

10”

VIP PIRINEOS

VIP IBÉRICO

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November 2018 5

LNG increase diversification of sources, and therefore SoS enhancement

General Overview

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November 2018 6

LNG vs NG Supplied to Spain

General Overview

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November 2018 7

Retail Market share evolution(in terms of gas volume supplied to final customers)

General OverviewMore traders in a market… more gas sources and vice versa…

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Natural gas demand evolution

November 2018 8

Industrial and residential Electricity generation

General Overview

Gas demand for electricity generation fostered the development of LNG terminals in the 2000´s

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Wholesale prices and LNG

Gas from Europeto Asia Gas from Europe

to Asia

Asia

Europe

USA

A market relying on LNG is exposed to global gas prices

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Autum 2017: Spain and South France decoupled (2‐4 €/MWh)

Winter 2018: European cold waveSpain price below allEuropean marketsWinter 2017: spot LNG Price 

tensions and high demand in Spain and South France

Gas Market – Trading at MIBGAS ExchangeGas prices at hubs with a big influence of LNG behaves differently

Wholesale prices and LNG

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November 2018 11

Gas demand vs gas trade ‐ 2017

Wholesale prices and LNGOTC trading volumes concentrate in LNG terminals

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BarcelonaBilbao

Mugardos

Huelva

Cartagena

Sagunto

REGASIFICATION

169,6 TWh (48,3% of demand)

Capacity contracts: 30%Utilization: 25%

UNLOADING216 Ships183,9 TWh Virtual pipelines

LNG “by road”38.821 trucks11,4 TWh

LOADING5 ships1,05 TWh

LNG STORAGE22,7 TWh (23 days)

Medium tank level 43%

51 users274 TWh traded

Spanish LNG Sector – Situation in 2017

LNG infrastructures have low level of utilization for multiple reasons

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59 destinations outside Spain in 2015: Portugal, France, Italy, Switzerland and FYROM

Virtual pipelines : LNG transported in trucks to places where there is no pipeline, to satellite plants

869 sites received LNG with trucks in 2015

201510.719 GWh supplied34.400 trucks loaded

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LNG Regulation ‐ TPA Regime in Spain

Full REGULATED TPA to all the terminals and services

• Transparent and public TPA tariffs• Transparent Capacity Allocation Mechanisms• Freedom of LNG terminal choice• Regasification (send‐out) rate decided by users• Possibility to contract capacity at any time and for any duration• Possibility to exchange and trade LNG (OTCmarket)• Possibility to exchange capacity at the secondary market• Anti hoarding mechanisms

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Contracting regasification capacity give you the right to use the unloading, storage and regasification facilities

Capacity contracted FCFS, no time limit

• MWh/day of regasification / truck loading rights• Unloading and storage rights included

Slots allocated when programming• Initial yearly schedule• Firm dates established by the 25th of m‐1

Daily nomination and gas allocation• Payments by  the volume of gas stored each day• by the gas regasified each day• by each cargo unloaded/loaded

LNG Regulation ‐ TPA Regime in Spain

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1) Transshipment: transfer of LNG from one vessel to another.

2) Truck loading: transfer of LNG from the terminal into trucks.

3) Small ship loading: transfer of LNG from the terminal into small ships (<10.000 m3) for onshore uses.

4) Bunkering: when the LNG transferred from the terminal is used as fuel for transport (LNG fuelled ships, trucks, rail…).

5) Cooling down service: using LNG to cool down ships.

6) Storage as unbundled service: transfer of LNG into tanks of the terminal as a service not associated to the regasification capacity contract.

ADDITIONAL SERVICES OFFERED in LNG terminals in Europe

LNG Regulation ‐ TPA Regime

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• Availability of capacity in the long and short term (avoid uncertainity) Unloading capacity  Storage capacity Regasification capacity Truck loading Ship loading

• Flexibility Slot flexibility Services that could be adapted to the final market (different 

regasification schemes)• Compatibility

Ship‐Dock (unloading arms) Gas quality

LNG marketWhat do the users of the terminal want?

Page 18: General Overview of Spanish LNG Sector - ec.europa.eu · November 2018 3 Gas Indicators Evolution 1998 2018 Demand 13 bcm 30 bcm Customers 3,5 mill. 7,8 mill. Ratio in primaryenergy

LNG regulated tariffs in Spain

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These are the values for annual tariffs. In case of shorter term capacity multipliers are applied (only to the capacity regasification charge). 

LNG Tariffs are applied to 3 concepts: • Unloading LNG (fix & variable terms)• LNG storage (only variable term). Penalties for having “too much” LNG stored• Send out /regasification capacity (capacity & commodity charges)• Other services are also available: reload of LNG to ships / bunkering.

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Remuneration of LNG Spanish terminals

1. Remuneration for availability

a. O&M costs: are established through standard costs

b. Investment costs: Depreciation costs + Financial remuneration (net ofdepreciation)

‐ Remuneration for depreciation = Investment value / working life

‐ Remuneration for financial costs = Net investment value (investment lessdepreciation) multiplied by rate of return

2. Remuneration for Continuity of Supply

‐Dependent of the Demand Variation with respect to the previous year:

Higher if demand increase / Lower if demand decrease.

• Infrastructures development under a regulated economic regime:• Investment recovery guaranteed with a reasonable rate of return. No 

risk

November 2018

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LNG Market in Spain – OTC trading 2017

Balancing point Traded gas(GWh)

Production(GWh)

Churnrate

active traders

Shareof 3 main traders

Barcelona LNG Terminal 127.422 59.954 2,1 42 45%Huelva LNG Terminal 42.564 48.374 0,9 31 63%Bilbao LNG Terminal 56.477 29.916 1,9 26 59%Cartagena LNG Terminal 8.780 9.377 0,9 25 59%Mugardos LNG Terminal 9.880 11.756 0,8 20 65%Sagunto LNG Terminal 29.676 21.614 1,4 25 58%

Total LNG 274.799 180.991 1,5 51 36%Underground storage (UGS) 3.497 21 68%Virtual balancing point (PVB) 237.471 169.897 1,4 77 22%

Total Spain 515.767 350.888 1,5 82 27%

• LNG terminals in Spain are used by many shippers. Many companies unload and regasify in the terminal, and other can also storage LNG or load trucks (small scale), and others only trade

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Current problems

What happen when there is almost no gas in the terminals?

• Finantial problems: In the Spanish case, created a déficit to be paid by consumers (tariffs) in the coming years. Rate of return were decreased and linked with gas demand

• The incentive for creativeness:  LNG operator looking for new markets, ofering new services, compiting among each others to load cargoes, develop small scale, bunker…

• Phisical and enviromental problems• Operational problems• Boil off gas: avoid emisions

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Current LNG market constraints

The Current LNG market might still be limited because:

1. Is exclusively based on OTC operations2. Is not transparent3. Is not very liquid4. There are as many LNG markets as LNG terminals:

• Liquidity is limited to those terminals havingenough users

• Users willing to trade LNG at a particular terminal need to have TPA contract in the terminal

• Users with bigger LNG portfolios have competitive advantages and more flexibility 

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Challenges – Towards a new LNG model

1. Provide new services, adapted to market needs, with competitive tariffs:o Bunkeringo Virtual liquefaction, etc.

2. To give the right value to the flexibility offered by Spanish LNG terminals

3. Facilitate LNG management

4. Easy and agile TPA processes: contracting, nominating, etc.

5. Alleviate current congestions at specific LNG terminals

6. Reduce competitive advantages for large suppliers

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Challenges – Towards a new LNG model

7. Facilitate LNG transactions and increase liquidity in the LNG market.

8. Encourage the creation of a potential LNG hub for Europe.

9. Providemore flexibility for users:

Unbundled services

Possibility to customize bundled services

Standard services, similar to other European LNG terminals

Improve competition in the Spanish (and European) LNG marketImprove competition in the Spanish (and European) LNG market

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Future situation ‐ Type of LNG services inSpain

BUNDLED UNBUNDLED

• Ship unloading, LNG storage and regasification

• Ships unloading• Regasification• LNG storage• LNG trucks• Ships loading

• Transhipment• Cooling down• Bunkering• Virtual liquefaction

LOCATIONAL NO LOCATIONAL• Ships unloading• LNG trucks• Ships loading

• Transhipment• Cooling down• Bunkering

• Regasification• LNG storage• Virtual liquefaction

DISCONTINUOUS CONTINUOUS

• Ships unloading• Ships loading• Transhipment

• Cooling down• Bunkering

• Regasification• LNG storage• LNG trucks• Virtual liquefaction

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26Source: Criogénicas Técnicas aplicaciones industriales

Innovation in LNG

Filing stations: Compressed Natural Gas and LNG for vehicles

Use of LNG as fuel for road transportation

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Innovation in LNGUse of LNG as fuel for maritime transportation

Calorific values:

1 Tm LNG = 15,200 kWh1 Tm LPG (propano) = 13,800 kWh1 Tm Diesel = 10,400 kWh1 Tm Fueloil = 10,100 kWh

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Thank you for your attention!

[email protected]