Game PublishingUnder the Islamic Law

Shigeki Saito(University Keio, the Faculty of Political Science)

←Urumqi, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, China

↓Tunis, Tunisia

Why do you focus on Islam？

(Broadly,) There are 7 Regions in Islamic AreaArab, Turk, Iran, Indonesia, Hindi, Central Asia, Black Africa

(M. Kuwahara Online)http://www.aoikuma.com/

Ⅰ 　 Population/Market Size

Total population 160,000,000≒（ Data catalog of Social Facts http://www2.ttcn.ne.jp/honkawa/9034.html ）

5.7% of French are Muslims(7.4million)

Market Size in 22 Arab countries ---1billion＄（ Game Watch http://game.watch.impress.co.jp/docs/news/20110304_431059.html

）

Domestic Demand of 230 million people in Indonesia

（Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Japan http://www.mofa.go.jp/mofaj/area/indonesia/data.html ）

In the GDP growth rate, The top 6 countries of 10 has 30~95% Muslims of the total population

(Story books in the world economy http://ecodb.net/ ）

1 st Afghanistan 2nd East Timor 　11.61 　　　 　 22.55

3 rd Ethiopia 4 th Azerbaijan 　 9.95 　 　 9.30

5 th China 6 th Lebanon　 9.00 　 　 9.10

7 th Qatar 8 th Uzbekistan　 8.65 　　 8.10

9 th Laos 10 th Malawi

　 7.59 　 　 7.54

Red Letters = 30~95% Muslims

Ⅱ Unique Character of Console Share

A cause of that situation：⇒Microsoft put off Xbox Launch in Islamic Area because

of the PiracyPiracy percentage・・・ Turk 66%、 Saudi Arabia

52%、 Oman 64%、 Qatar 62%(Dec, 2005 Radikal Newspaper in Turk said)(quotation from “News from Middle East” http://www.el.tufs.ac.jp/ ）

PS3 > Xbox360

（ Game Watch http://game.watch.impress.co.jp/docs/news/20110304_431059.html ）

Islam Market

although has Copy Right problems, but promising.

While, there is a

Most Important Matter…　

Shari’a: the Mechanism of Islamic Law

Mufti

（ a Urama who can issue

Fatwa)

Qur’an(Canon)

Hadith（ Recorded Words and

Actions of Muhammad）

（ Regional)

Consensus

Fatwa（ the Theory）

Judicary Citizen

Solution through TV, Internet

(BBS, Video Sharing Site )

Quoted as a evidence

of a judgement

Analogy (from the Presedents)

Qiyas Ijma

↓4 Sources of the Law

(the Priority depends on the Urama’s Law School)

Shari’a

Social Matters

Personal Problems

Applied Only to Muslims（ under the principle of personal

jurisdiction）

Fiqf

(the Jurisprudence)

Furu（ Positive Law）

About "UramaUrama is the Islamic Jurist⇒the Muslim who wants to conform to the God’s precept voluntarily consults Urama

The Urama who can issue “Fatwa” is “Mufti”“⇒ Private Legal Consultant “

No comprehensive system of the Justice or the Legislation　(The Sunni has no hierarchy of Urama , but Shia Ali has.)

　　⇒ Under the culture of consensus-buliding and Tribal Counsil （ T. Shoji http://oilgas-info.jogmec.go.jp/pdf/1/1896/200801_055e.pdf ）

⇒A possibility of evolution to the Ijma, used in the court

The Case Study-the Precedent-①

Case of the Video Game・ Pokémon(2001, in Dubai)　 ⇒ Prohibited(afterwards cancelled)

“→ Evolution” system is agaist Islamic Doctrine → Pokémon card game, ”It prompts gambling”　　　⇒ Qur’an prohibits the Unearned Income・ Faith Fighter(2009, U.S.) Against Idolatry Prohibition→・ The Effects of Youth Violence

→An argument had been occured

Faith Fighter （ http://creepingsharia.wordpress.com/

）

　　→

The Case Study-the Precedent-②

In the case of the other genres・ OVA of JoJo’s Bizarre Adventure(2008)→Insult to the Canon,Qur’an“Who reads Qur’an is Villain ”？→Voluntary restraint

・ The Satanic Verses(Ahmed Salman Rushdie,1988)

→ Slandered the Qur’an

http://shakediary.blog93.fc2.com/

クルアーンを読み、暗殺命令を下すDIO

Is the Game itself Haram(illegal)?

・ The Video game is judged as the cause of social matters everywhere.

→a Fatwa in 2002：Q. “Is playing computer or video games Haram since you

control human and other life-like animations on the screen? Is programming these games Haram as well?“

A. he ruling concerning the mass media such as television, video, and computer depends on their use. If they are used for a Halal purpose such as listening to the recitation of Qur'an, reading Ahadith, gaining the knowledge of Sharia or useful, modern science such as medicine, engineering and the like, using them is permissible, even mandatory at times.

Islamweb Fatwa No : 83778

http://www.islamweb.net/emainpage/

The Iceberg Model of Culture (Kate Edwards, 2006GDC)

（ Your Game）↓Language and Context↓Politics and Regulation↓Social Trends↓ 　Cultual Practices↓Religion and Beliefs↓（ Your Local Customer）

Subdevided Localizing steps

Customers become more sensitive in the deeper level

↓In Islamic Law Culture, the boundary between Politics, Trends, Practices, Beliefs and Doctrines are ambiguous.

You must clearly grasp the problems that in which level it happens.

Who Regulates, Reviews, Invests

OIC（ the Organization of the Islamic Conference）The Summits of Islamic countries attend this organization. ‘Faith Fighter’ was probably cautioned by the suboridinate, Islamic Organization of Education, Science, and Culture.

NFCG（ National Foundation for Computer Games）“a non-profit group working under the Iranian Ministry of Culture

and Islamic Guidance's supervision.”(http://www.gamasutra.com/php-bin/news_index.php?story=21682 )

This foundation plots rebuilding of Islamic-Persian culture with Computer Games.ESRA

The Rating organization established by NFCG

Important Points――Nothing should be preceded before the respect for Islam

TaboosDoctorine

　・ Idolatry(Especially Muhammad, the Prophet)　・ Evolution is denied　・ Unearned Incom(Interest or the Gambles）　・ Alcohol　・ Unclean Foods(Pork, Blood)　・ Porn

Slandar to the God or MuhammadRough treatment of Qur’an, the Cannon

Shari’a Compliance

When you plans financial products, Shari’a Board composed by more than three Urama makes legal decisions.⇒Islamic Firms or Joint Concerns between

Muslims and Non-Muslims use this solution.(Is primarily not for non-Muslims)⇒It judges lawfulness of the projects⇒There is no Absolute Legality.

Thank you for your pacience to my ‘Engrish’!!

Shigeki Saito@Sagipenta・・・ TwitterShigeki Saito(fanta)・・・ Facebook

sagipenta@gmail.com

I welcome your comments and questions at any time!!