Finishing NapoleonFinishing NapoleonHis GovernmentHis Government

Napoleonic EraNapoleonic Era

NAPOLEON’S RISE TO POWER – He NAPOLEON’S RISE TO POWER – He was a military hero and seized power of was a military hero and seized power of the government through a coup d’etatthe government through a coup d’etat

NAPOLEON’S GOVERNMENT – kept the NAPOLEON’S GOVERNMENT – kept the form of a Republic but he was really a form of a Republic but he was really a dictatordictator

CONSULATE – was made up of 3 CONSULATE – was made up of 3 Consuls but Napoleon was the 1Consuls but Napoleon was the 1stst Consul Consul

Napoleon’s GovernmentNapoleon’s Government

Napoleon’sGovernment

Napoleon’s GovernmentNapoleon’s Government

ConcordatConcordat Official recognition that most French citizens Official recognition that most French citizens

were Catholic, but it still allowed religious were Catholic, but it still allowed religious freedomfreedom

Napoleon’s GovernmentNapoleon’s Government

Napoleonic CodeNapoleonic Code All French law organized under Napoleon’s All French law organized under Napoleon’s

directiondirection Think of when mom or dad says, “What I say Think of when mom or dad says, “What I say

goes!”…except for a whole countrygoes!”…except for a whole country

Napoleon’s GovernmentNapoleon’s Government

Bank of FranceBank of France A central bank supported by the governmentA central bank supported by the government

Napoleon’s GovernmentNapoleon’s Government

Public EducationPublic Education System of schools including high schools, System of schools including high schools,

universities, and technical schools to improve universities, and technical schools to improve France’s futureFrance’s future

Elementary education was left to the control Elementary education was left to the control of churches and local governmentsof churches and local governments

Napoleon’s GovernmentNapoleon’s Government

Ended the Alliance of France’s Former Ended the Alliance of France’s Former EnemiesEnemies By 1802, Napoleon was able to either make By 1802, Napoleon was able to either make

peace with Great Britain, Austria, and Russia peace with Great Britain, Austria, and Russia or get them to desert each otheror get them to desert each other

Napoleon’s EmpireNapoleon’s Empire

Look at the picture on p. 332Look at the picture on p. 332 Why do you think Napoleon takes the Why do you think Napoleon takes the

crown from the Pope and puts it on crown from the Pope and puts it on himself?himself?

Answer: To show that the power of the Answer: To show that the power of the empire rests with Napoleon, not the Popeempire rests with Napoleon, not the Pope

Napoleon’s EmpireNapoleon’s Empire

Why did Napoleon’s successes lead to the Why did Napoleon’s successes lead to the collapse of the coalition vs. France?collapse of the coalition vs. France?

Who was in that coalition?Who was in that coalition? Answer: Great Britain, Austria, Russia vs. Answer: Great Britain, Austria, Russia vs.

France and Spain; by continually winning on the France and Spain; by continually winning on the battlefield the coalition collapsedbattlefield the coalition collapsed

Napoleon’s EmpireNapoleon’s Empire

Look at the map on p. 333Look at the map on p. 333 How did Napoleon expand France’s empire?How did Napoleon expand France’s empire? Answer: He used his military strength to force Answer: He used his military strength to force

Austria and Prussia to sign peace treaties with Austria and Prussia to sign peace treaties with him as he expanded east; Russia aligned with him as he expanded east; Russia aligned with FranceFrance

What happened to the Holy Roman Empire?What happened to the Holy Roman Empire? Answer: Napoleon abolished it; all of Italy was Answer: Napoleon abolished it; all of Italy was

united and became part of the French Empireunited and became part of the French Empire

EMPEROR – 1804 – PLEBISCITEEMPEROR – 1804 – PLEBISCITE French Empire- Emperor Napoleon IFrench Empire- Emperor Napoleon I Expansion of France – Conquered most of Continental Expansion of France – Conquered most of Continental

Europe and then blockaded the British Isles which was Europe and then blockaded the British Isles which was called the Continental Systemcalled the Continental System

REORGANIZATION OF EUROPE – He placed members REORGANIZATION OF EUROPE – He placed members of his family on the thrones of conquered lands (for of his family on the thrones of conquered lands (for example Joseph Bonaparte became King of Spain)example Joseph Bonaparte became King of Spain)

MILITARY PROBLEMSMILITARY PROBLEMS Nationalism – Napoleons actions led to increased Nationalism – Napoleons actions led to increased

feelings of Nationalism in the conquered countries feelings of Nationalism in the conquered countries PENINSULAR WAR – 1808 TO 1814 – Duke PENINSULAR WAR – 1808 TO 1814 – Duke

Wellington joined with Portugal and Spain; this Wellington joined with Portugal and Spain; this weakened his militaryweakened his military

CATASTROPHE IN RUSSIA – Czar Alexander ICATASTROPHE IN RUSSIA – Czar Alexander I France decided to attack Russia when the czar of Russia started France decided to attack Russia when the czar of Russia started

trading with Britain againtrading with Britain again France invaded Russia with 600,000 troops in 1812France invaded Russia with 600,000 troops in 1812 Russians used a scorched-earth policy and burned Moscow after it Russians used a scorched-earth policy and burned Moscow after it

was captured, leaving the French without housing as a harsh winter was captured, leaving the French without housing as a harsh winter approachedapproached

Since Napoleon had already lost many soldiers to disease, cold, Since Napoleon had already lost many soldiers to disease, cold, hunger, and battle, he ordered a retreat on October 19, 1812hunger, and battle, he ordered a retreat on October 19, 1812

The Beginning of the EndThe Beginning of the End But to retreat, people have to go back where they came But to retreat, people have to go back where they came

from—and so much had been burned downfrom—and so much had been burned down The soldiers were without proper clothing and supplies, The soldiers were without proper clothing and supplies,

leading to many deaths by cold and starvation and were leading to many deaths by cold and starvation and were under attack from Russians in the countrysideunder attack from Russians in the countryside

This led western European monarchs to break any This led western European monarchs to break any alliances with France alliances with France

Prussia, Britain, Austria, and Russia aligned to crush Prussia, Britain, Austria, and Russia aligned to crush France; Paris was captured in 1814 and Napoleon gave France; Paris was captured in 1814 and Napoleon gave up all claims to the throneup all claims to the throne

FINAL DEFEAT – 1814 - LOUIS XVIII is put on the ThroneFINAL DEFEAT – 1814 - LOUIS XVIII is put on the Throne 100 DAYS – ELBA – MARCH 1, 1815100 DAYS – ELBA – MARCH 1, 1815 Waterloo - Duke Wellington Waterloo - Duke Wellington St. HelenaSt. Helena

Extra SlideExtra Slide

Explain the Hundred Days.Explain the Hundred Days. Answer: Napoleon regained the faith of the Answer: Napoleon regained the faith of the

French army and forced King Louis XVIII to flee.French army and forced King Louis XVIII to flee. However, Prussia, Great Britain, and the However, Prussia, Great Britain, and the

Netherlands sent armies to stop Napoleon and Netherlands sent armies to stop Napoleon and he was defeated for the final time on June 18, he was defeated for the final time on June 18, 18151815