INTERIOR DESIGN FINAL PROJECT

Haydn Thomas

ID 142- Fall 2011

Novermber 29, 2011

PART I- EGYPTIANS

Key buildings- temples, tombs, mastabas, row houses, palaces,

and pyramids.

Materials and construction techniques- sun-dried mud bricks,

stone/limestone, sandstone, and granite, massive structures with

thick mud brick/stone walls, trabeated construction (system of

columns and lintels).

Key motifs- Lotus and papyrus borders, spiral and rosette

patterns, fret, lotus bud, chevron, checkerboard, ankh, vulture,

deities, griffin.

EGYPTIANS

- (above) Chevron pattern on clothing

- (below)Pyramids of Giza

- Hieroglyphics(found on wall panels in my house)

Key buildings- temples (based on

Mycenean megaron), houses (2-4

stories), market centers.

Building materials and construction

techniques- City separated by: sacred

(stone, marble), private, and public

areas; plaster, mosaics, trabeated

architectural system; doric, ionic,

and corinthian, tuscan, and Roman

corinthian orders.

PART II- GREEK AND ROMAN

Motifs- Greek: vine patterns, palmette

and honeysuckle, anthemion, antefix,

rinceau, lotus and palmette, greek key or

fret border, spiral wave, ram’s head and

border. Roman: arabesque, cupids,

pegasus, skull and swag, entablature,

griffin and lion table supports.

Influences on subsequent cultures:

Classical designs were reintroduced in

Western Europe during Renaissance, and

later the Neoclassical period, also

influences in American Federal style

GREEK AND ROMAN

Greek and

Roman

columns and

components

GREEK AND ROMAN

- (top) Pediment

- (top right) Volute capital

- (bottom right) Fret/key border

PART III- BYZANTINE

Key buildings- churches, cathedrals, religious

buildings

Materials and techniques- mosaics, stone

sculptures, real gold tiles, dark interiors, domes,

curved ceilings.

Key motifs- rosettes, diamond and oak leaf

carvings, religious figures, linen fold panels, crocket

border, trefoil and quatrefoil, windows with tracery.

BYZANTINE

- (left) Mosaic at St. Mark’s Basillica (Italy)

- (bottom left) Detailed columns with oak leaf carvings at St. Mark’s

- (bottom right) Hagia Sophia in Istanbul (postcard)

PART IV- ROMANESQUE

Key buildings- cathedrals, palaces, market squares,

churches.

Materials/Construction techniques- stone and marble

or brick carvings, and ornamentation, with massive

round arches

Motifs- windows with tracery, rosettes, crocket border,

finials, linen-fold panel, carvings, trefoil, and quatrefoil.

ROMANESQUE

- (far left) Vaulted structure

- (top left) Roman aquaduct, important in function. – large arches.

- (bottom left) Detailed arches , Leaning Tower of Pisa

PART V- GOTHIC

Buildings- churches, cathedrals, large municipal

buildings throughout France, England, and Italy.

Materials and techniques- cross plan, flying

buttresees, tracery windows; stone, stained glass,

heavy oak funrniture.

Motifs- linenfold, crocket borders, window stone

tracery, quatrefoil, trefoil, religious symbols.

GOTHIC

- (top left) Quatrefoil inspired wall design

- (bottom left) Rose window at National Cathedral in Washington, DC

- (right) Gothic architecture, Vault

RENAISSANCECountry

Key buildings Materials and construction techniques

Motifs Furniture introductions and developements

Italy Villas Brick/stone or plastered walls with frescos, walnut furniture

Arabesque, gadroon, laurel leaf, festoon, guilloche, cartouche, rosette

Sgabello, sedia (small upholstered chairs), savonarola, cassone, credenza

France Chateaux Heavy materials, stone, bricks, walnut furniture

Lozenge, Fleur de lis, geometric panel.

Caquetoire, armoire

England

Country houses

Homes had a long gallery/ hallway, tall walls of windows, oak paneling, pargework ceilings.

(shared with other styles), used many classical motifs

Baluster turnings, wainscot chair, turnings, drop leaf tables

Spain Houses (casas) House designed around central patio with wrought iron grille work, Moorish influence.

Wrought iron, geometrical patterns

Freilero, armario, vargueno, wrought iron bases

RENAISSANCE

- (top right) French motif- Fleur de lis

- (top right) Biltmore Estate in Ashville, NC, French Renaissance

- (left) Broken pediment- furniture form of Renaissance

PART VII- BAROQUECountry Key characteristics Key motifs Furniture

introductions and developments

Buildings

Italy “decoration on top of decoration”, carvings, mosaics, paintings, gold.

Pedestal legs, flemish scrolls, ornate carvings of religious figures and cupids

The dome, St. Peter’s, grand furniture pieces, classical moldings

Palaces, homes, cathedrals

France Fabric on walls, used color of gold, Louis XIV

Square pedestal leg, flemish “c” scroll and “s” scroll

Canape, ormolu mounts, Lois XIV chair.

Palaces, homes, chateaux

England Turnings, large panels, Grinling Gibbons carvings, use of walnut, Jacobean, William and Mary

n/a Veneering, exclusive use of walnut, marquetry and laquer work, “harmony of furniture”

Cathedrals, banquet halls, homes, palaces.

BAROQUE

BAROQUE

French Baroque Interior:• Ornate interiors• Dramatic use of texture through color (light and dark for

contrast)• Marble and checkerboard floor• Plaster/stucco ornamentation• Gold gilded on furniture, walls, ceilings• “Decoration on top of decoration”• Elaborate wall treatments, fabric

BAROQUE

- (bottom left) Versailles Hall of Mirrors (French Baroque)

- (above) French Baroque piano, with ormolu mounts

- (top left) End table with turnings (English Baroque)

PART VIII- ROCOCO

Buildings- Houses, municipal buildings

Key characteristics of style- shell motif, influence of Madame

Pompadour (Louis XV), defined rooms, fabric wall panels and

mirrors, England regected Rococo and adopted Georgian style of

architecture

Motifs- scrolled foot, shell motif, cabriole leg, fan motif

“Design for women”

England- Chippendale (Chinese influence)(mahogany), Palladian

influence, Queen Anne (walnut, splat back)

ROCOCO

- (left) Queen Anne dining chair

- (bottom left) Fan motif (English rococo)

- (bottom right) French Louis XV inspired chair

PART IX- NEOCLASSICBuildings- Homes, mansions, state/capital and government buildings

Key characteristics- fabric walls, drapery, curved lined chairs, ceiling and floor reflected

in design, fan windows, pediments, dentil moldings, white woodwork, classical inspiration

Motifs- fan motif, pediments, dentil work, influences from Greece and Rome, rosette

block, lyre, cornucopia, medallion and square back, wheat, bellflower, paterae, prince of

Wales plume, urns

England- Regency, Hepplewhite (shield back), Sheraton (square back), Adam Brothers

USA- Federal Style (Georgian), American Empire

France- Louis XVI, Directoire, French Empire

Bringing back of classical elements in altered forms

Neoclassic interior- dark colors, wallpaper, painted motif walls, classical elements of

ancient Greece and Rome

NEOCLASSIC

- (right) Hepplewhite chair- English Neoclassic

- (bottom left) Hitchcock side table- American Federal

- (bottom right) Petit Trianon at Versailles in France- French Neoclassic

PART X- VICTORIANBuildings- homes and mansions

Characteristics- nostalgic reinterpretation, lots of sentimental and

historical ornamentaions, Substyles: Gothic Revival,Rococo Revival,

Eastlake style

Furniture and develpoments- Bentwood (steam bending of wood)

and Thonet, Belter, use of iron and plateglass (Eiffel Tower)

Interior- Rococo rinceau patterns, cabriole leg, asymmetrical

designs, love of fringe and knick-knacks, high ceilings, crown

moldings, ornate fireplaces.

VICTORIAN- (left) Thonet, bentwood rocking chair

- (bottom left)Korner’s Folly in downtown Kernersville, NC (Victorian style home)

- (below) Rosewood furniture typical of Victorian era, inspired by Belter

PART XI- ARTS AND CRAFTS

Buildings- homes and business buildings

Began in England, William Morris (Morris chair)

Characteristics- quality, use of local woods, simple,

revolution against machine age, “mission style”

Key furniture introductions and develpoments- Morris

chair, oak woods, furniture made with the quality first

Interior- cozy, warm colors, earth tones, simple local

woods. High quality

ARTS AND CRAFTS- (left) William Morris (arts and crafts designer) wallpaper

- (bottom right) Gustav Stickley chair

- (bottom left) Bungalow style house

PART XII- ART NOUVEAU

Buildings- homes, business/office buildings

Characteristics- swirling lines, forms from nature, influences from:

nature, japanese prints, rococo, and islamic arts, “beauty and

function”, “art and industry”, newness, change of role for women in

arts, stained glass, large use of woods.

Furniture introductions and developments- Macintosh, Horta,

Guimard (designers)- chairs with unique wood/design, Tiffany-glass

and decorations, asymmetrical curvy designs

Interior- curvy asymmetrical furniture, stained glass windows,

unique woods, warm earth tone colors

ART NOUVEAU

- (left) Art Nouveau style doorway and window

- (middle) Wallpaper typical in Art Nouveau styled homes

- (right) Art Nouveau storage piece, curved lines, organic design.

PART XIII- PRAIRIE STYLE

Buildings- homes, mansions, office buildings, temples, churches

Characteristics- straight lines, simple designs, inspiration from nature,

emphasis on the horizontal, motifs derived from nature

Furniture introductions and developments- early chair and dining room

table, later chairs, midway garden chairs, use of plywood, glass,

metal/steel

Interiors- light, airy, use of earthy colors, straight lines, use of many

woods, nature inspired

Frank Lloyd Wright- prominent designer of prairie style, designed

furniture and architecture

PRAIRIE STYLE

- (left) prairie style light fixture

- (bottom left) Origami chair by Frank Lloyd Wright

- (right) modern interpretation of a prairie style home

- (bottom right) Frank Lloyd Wright home in Oak Park

PART XIV- ART DECOBuildings- home, businesses, hotels, and offices

Characteristics- sleek, geometric, cubistic, machine age, jazz influence,

shapes of the Bauhaus School and streamlined styling of modern technology

combined with patterns and icons taken from the Far East, ancient Greece

and Rome, Africa, India, and Mayan and Aztec cultures, came from

excitement over discoveries/finds in Egypt

Furniture introductions and developments- steel frames for structre, use of

glass and metal, leather, streamlined

Interiors- simple with pops of color, pastels (Miami, South Beach) bright

colors, metal , glass, straight lines, and simple designs

ART DECO

- (left) Art Deco inspired light- wall sconce

- (bottom left) Transat chair by Eileen Gray and Jean Badovici

- (bottom right) Art deco hotel in South Beach Miami

PART XV- INTERNATIONAL STYLE

Buildings- glass houses, skyscrapers, offices, business

buildings

Characteristics- use of glass, steel, simple geometric forms

Furniture introductions and developments- use of steel and

glass, Mies van der Rohe, Le Corbusier, molded fiberglass, and

plastic, stackable chairs

Interiors- glass window walls, steel, glass used in many

different elements, colors: white, simple designs

INTERNATIONAL STYLE

- (left) Bertoia chair at Father and Sons (Downtown Raleigh)

- (bottom right)Weissenhof Museum

- (below) Alvar Aalto’s stacking stools

PART XVI- POSTMODERN STYLE

Buildings- homes, hotels, businesses, office buildings

Characteristics- sculptural, hi-tech, emphasis on ergonomics,

classic materials (granite, hardwood floors)

Classics with a twist, “less is a bore”

Furniture introductions and developments- “inflatable

furniture”, non-conventional furniture forms, Robert Stern, Frank

Gehry, Michael Graves, Maya Lin (all designers)

Interiors- sectional sofas, entertainment centers, granite,

hardwood floors, unconventional seating/chairs

POSTMODERN STYLE

- (left) Frank Gehry “wiggle” chair

- (bottom left) Guggenheim museum in Bilbao, designed by Frank Gehry

- (bottom right) Maya Lin inspired kids furniture (by Knoll)

S O U R C E S F R O M IN T E R N E T

http://www.abroadlanguages.com/learn/arabic/cairo/courses/activities.asp

http://www.superstock.com/stock-photography/prophetic

http://aubreyloyd.blogspot.com/2009_02_01_archive.html

http://www.regencysplendour.co.uk/statues.php

http://www.hotelcentrumistanbul.com/hagiasophia.asp

http://www.art.com/products/p13056805-sa-i2293070/guy-thouvenin-detail-of-st-marks-basilica-venice-veneto-italy.ht

m?sorig=cat&sorigid=177072&dimvals=177072&ui=bbea9e640be448e792b50eabd33d7ba2

http://www.provence-a-la-carte.com/index.php?rub=3

http://www.cnbc.com/id/29618050/Selling_Neverland_The_Collection_of_Michael_Jackson

http://theartnouveaublog.blogspot.com/2011/05/art-nouveau-wallpaper.html

http://www.howisjulie.com/2009/03/frank-lloyd-wrights-taliesin-west/

http://www.antiquehomestyle.com/styles/prairie-school.htm

http://www.1stdibs.com/furniture_item_detail.php?id=338885

http://vithouse.com/a-unique-wiggle-and-side-chair-by-frank-gehry-and-vitra/

http://www.houzz.com/photos/kids-products/start=1880

Haydn Thomas

ID 142 Final Project

November 29, 2011