Joshua L. EveryTaylor Manahan

Expansion of Automobile

Safety and Mobility Services at

TRC Inc.

Overview• This presentation is designed to function like an automated vehicle

in many ways:

– Run smoothly

– Transition you from one place to the other (Beginning to End)

– May suddenly update route and change direction without any of

your input

• To help you become accustomed to this not too distant future, the

overview is as follows:

A. Overview Slide

B. Applause

What’s TRC?

A SMART Ecosystem for Connected & Automated Vehicles

TRCSMARTCENTER SMARTMOBILITYCORRIDOR

HAVs in the Media

All Headlines between

7/11/17-7/18/17

7/14/17

https://www.extremetech.com/extreme/252112-what-is-a-self-driving-car

The first truly hands-off, self-driving

cars will be here within five years.

Fully autonomous cars without

steering wheels or gas and brake

pedals may be 10 years away. That’s

the consensus among automakers.

By some definitions, several

automakers have cars on the

road today that meet a limited

definition of autonomous driving.

7/17/17

“Today our lane lines are only four inches

thick. Now every lane line we lie down going

forward is going to be six inches thick. I’ve

already started to see some of this transition.”

-Caltrans director Malcolm Dougherty

Another roadway modification concerns the

rounded Botts’ Dots that mark lane divisions

and make cars go bump when they’re driven

over.

http://www.siliconbeat.com/2017/07/17/california-begins-modifying-roads-for-self-driving-cars/

Audi claims the A8 is the first production car to reach

Level 3 autonomy

Audi says the A8 is capable of driving all by itself at

speeds of up to 37 mph. There are a couple caveats,

obviously. The traffic jam pilot only works on highways

with a physical barrier separating oncoming traffic

https://www.theverge.com/2017/7/11/15952510/audi-a8-level-3-autonomous-driving-self-parking

7/11/17

https://www.trucks.com/2017/07/13/self-driving-trucks-3-4-years/

“[Max Fuller, executive chairman of U.S. Xpress, Inc.] anticipates Level 4

autonomous capability in three to four years.”

7/13/17

http://en.people.cn/n3/2017/0712/c90000-9240826.html

According to [Baidu CEO Li Yanhong], about 500 people in China die in traffic

accidents every day, and such tragedies can be prevented with the adaption of

self-driving cars. "When self-driving cars become common, lives will be saved.

It's of great economic and social significance,"

7/12/17

It's called The 25th Hour project—an

allusion to the 50 minutes or so the

average driver spends behind the wheel,

and the "extra" hour they could gain

without having to drive.

http://mashable.com/2017/07/13/audi-robot-car-downtime/#MH3.fOyAisqg

7/14/17

http://www.washingtonexaminer.com/congress-plans-to-step-in-to-end-confusion-over-self-driving-cars/article/2628917

The House and Senate are expected to

introduce complimentary bills as soon as

Tuesday meant to reduce confusion between

the states and federal government when it

comes to regulating self-driving cars.

7/18/17

HAVs in the Media

What is special about this week?

Nothing

Levels of Automation

• Most of industry is converging around the Society

of Automotive Engineers (SAE) levels of

automation

– NHTSA began using these level in the Federal

Automated Vehicles Policy (September 2016)

• Level of automation largely is concerned with how

the driver interacts with the system, and the

distribution of responsibilities.

Level 2 Comparison

2017 Honda Civic

-Honda Sensing

MSRP $20,540

https://automobiles.honda.com/civic-

sedan#build-price-app

2017 Tesla Model S

-Enhanced Autopilot

-Full Self-Driving Capability

MSRP $78,500

https://www.tesla.com/models/design

Level 2 Comparison

2017 Honda Civic

• Advanced Cruise Control (ACC)

• Lane Centering

2017 Tesla Model S

• Advanced Cruise Control

• Lane Centering

• Automatic Lane Change

• Automatically Exits the Freeway

• Automated Parking with or without

driver in the vehicle.

This comparison only considers control of

certain degrees of freedom, ignoring

types of actions and control authority.

Essence of automation

In testing driving automation systems, we create

environments to understand how a vehicle will

respond to various situations.

AutomationScenarios Actions

What’s in the box?

Automation

Technological Convergence

• Early stage technologies often have a large

amount of diversity.

• As methods are defined and “winners” are

established, convergence occurs.

• Automation algorithms utilize a wide variety of

approaches.

• This doesn’t mean that the tech. isn’t safe, but

does imply that substantial discovery and

refinement is still possible.

What does it all mean?

Actions

Classification of Actions• Once you have seen how a system responds to a certain situation,

how do you know if that action was safe?

http://www.dailymail.co.uk/sciencetech/article-4363524/Uber-s-self-driving-car-not-blame-Arizona-crash.html

Where in the World?

Scenarios

Scenario = Environment + Traffic

• Environment – The roadway and all other static objects in

the defined space (pavement and furniture)

• Traffic – Dynamic objects in the environment

– Other vehicles, pedestrians, animals, bouncing sports

balls, anything else you can imagine…

How do you define a scenario?

Central Question

What features are desired for

testing Highly Automated Vehicles

(HAVs)?

Central Question - Revised

What features are necessary for

testing Highly Automated Vehicles

(HAVs)?

• In order to answer this question TRC conducted a large user

survey

� Participants from government and industry

• Questions were asked based on what test scenarios were desired

� Resulted in a very large amount of data

• This information was initially reduced by identifying the course

features necessary for each test scenario

Stakeholder Survey

Features Necessary

Sorted by Environment

Main Environments with Features

Main Environments

Can we really test everything?

https://www.theguardian.com/technology/video/2017/mar/16/google-waymo-self-driving-car-video-woman-bird

1/27/17

https://techcrunch.com/2017/01/27/ohios-transportation-research-center-gets-45m-to-expand-smart-mobility-testing/

Ohio’s Transportation Research

Center (TRC) is getting a new 540-

acre facility specifically for testing

and researching smart mobility

solutions

Current Test Track Capabilities

• Current

– Longitudinal Safety Technologies

• Forward Collision Warning

• Automatic Emergency Braking

– Lateral Safety Technologies

• Lane Departure Warning

• Lane Keeping Support

SMART Center @ TRC

Smart Mobility Advanced Research & Test Center

The world’s largest SMART

center contained within an

independent proving ground

N

The SMART Center

N

Urban

Network

The SMART Center

2017 - Construction start

2018 - Completion

TRC Research

• Tests for HAVs are complex and rarely standard.

• Specialized tools are necessary to create

appropriate scenarios.

• Engineering support is critical to enable testing on

this facility.

Recent ADAS/HAV Capability Growth

NHTSA Spec. SSV

• Allows for testing of constant speed, accelerating and decelerating lead vehicle scenarios.

• Representative of small hatchback from rear only.

Recent ADAS/HAV Capability GrowthDynamic Research, Inc. Soft Car 360

• Stationary foam car. Can be struck safely by test vehicles

• Representative of a small hatchback from all angles

• Safety

– 95% of all collisions could be prevented

• Based on data from NHTSA’s National Motor Vehicle Crash Causation Survey

• Economy

– $242 billion spent in 2010 on motor vehicle accidents

• Efficiency

– Reduce the 6.9 billion hours spent in traffic

• Mobility

– Bring mobility options to the millions that currently have none

Impact of HAVs

https://www.nhtsa.gov/technology-innovation/automated-vehicles

TRC Tomorrow

Closing Comments

• This technology has captured the public’s attention

with the promise of greatly improving their quality

of life

• If done correctly we have the ability to keep that

promise

Closing Comments

• We are genuinely excited to be involved in the

deployment of this technology

• When your ready, we look forward to seeing you

on the track.

Better Vehicles. Better Drivers. Better Roads.