Ewe Course 2010

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EWE O.P.L. WORKBOOK(Oral Proficiency Learning)

Hosted for free on livelingua.com

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Acknowledgement

Peace Corps Togo is very pleased to present the first ever Ewe local language manualto Peace Corps Togo Trainees and Volunteers. This manual has become a reality dueto the meticulous work of many people.

The training team expresses its deepest gratitude to the Peace Togo Country DirectorGeorge Monagan, for having taken the initiative to have materials developed in locallanguages. His support is tremendous.

The team is grateful to Peace Corps Togo Admin Officer, Priscilla Ashamu Sampiland all the Administrative Staff for their logistical support and for having made fundsavailable for this material development.

A genuine appreciation to the language Testing Specialist Mildred Rivera-Martinez,the Training Specialist Rasa Edwards, to Stacy Cummings Technical TrainingSpecialist, and all the Training Staff from the Center for their advice and assistance.

A sincere gratitude to Peace Corps Togo Training Manager Blandine Samani-Zozofor her guidance and lively participation in the manual development.

A word of recognition to all Peace Corps Volunteers who worked assiduously withthe training team by offering their input.

Congratulations to Trainers Sarah A. GOE, Kossi Nyonyo, Essi Gbededzi and theTraining Secretary Jean B. Kpadenou who have worked diligently andconscientiously to develop this manual.


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To the learner

Congratulations to all of you Peace Corps Trainees and Volunteers for youracceptance to learn a new language. Of course learning a new language is not easy,but with dedication you will make it and achieve your goals.

This manual is competency based and contains useful expressions related to alltraining components such as technique, health, safety and security. This will build upyour ability to communicate in local language and will bring you closer to thecommunity with which you will work.

This capacity will also enable you to know your community better. You willparticipate effectively and with increased personal satisfaction in the type of culturaland technical exchange that Peace Corps has been advocating for since its creation.

Some suggestions for succeeding in this learning process is being receptive and takingrisks. Use the new language, analyze it and be methodic. Search for new words withfriends, host families, and counterparts.

The training staff invites you to share your comments in the event that it becomesnecessary to revise the material. Any kind of feedback would be most welcomed.Send it to:

Peace Corps Togo Training Manager

PO Box: 3194Lom, Togo

Have fun and enjoy using this manual


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Table of Contents

Page

Acknowledgement .................................................................................................................... i

To the learner .......................................................................................................................... ii

EWE ALPHABET .................................................................................................................. 1

Lesson 1 .................................................................................................................................... 4

Greetings .................................................................................................................................. 4

Lesson 2 Introduce oneself and someone else .................................................................... 12

Lesson 3 Introduce ones family........................................................................................ 19

Lesson 4 Buying essential items ......................................................................................... 27

Lesson 5 Talk about food habits of the host country ....................................................... 39

Lesson 6 Invite someone, accept or decline an invitation ................................................ 46

Lesson 7 Talk about daily activities .................................................................................. 51

Lesson 8 Ask for and give direction and time .................................................................. 58

Lesson 9 Talk about transportation ................................................................................... 66

Lesson 10 Talk about ones state of health........................................................................ 73

Lesson 11 Express ones sympathy in a happy or sad event............................................ 78

Lesson 12 Ask for help in an emergency case.................................................................... 83

Lesson 13 Talk about her/his work .................................................................................... 89

Useful expressions ................................................................................................................. 96

English to Ewe Glossary ....................................................................................................... 99


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EWE ALPHABET

The Ewe alphabet has 30 letters: 7 vowels and 23 consonants

A B D E F f G H X

a b d e f g h x

I K L M N O P R S T

I k l m n o p r s t

U V W Y Z

u v w y z

The vowels ares:

A E I O u

Summary of ewe alphabet

Letter Pronunciation

(similar sound in English)

Ewe Example EnglishTranslation

a father ati Treeb boy aiba Papaya

d Dog dodokp Exam

leather (but made by flicking thetongue against the palate toward theback of the mouth)

evi Kid

e mate egbe Today

red, bet ppp Exactly

f fish fafa Coolness

Pronounced as you blow air through

your lipsAe House

g go Togot Togolese

pretend you are gargling and add avowel at the end of the syllable

leti Month, noon

gb say ''egg-beater'' fast ; drop the ''-ter''then the first ''e''

gboma Spinach

h hat aha Drink


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Letter Pronunciation

(similar sound in English)

Ewe Example EnglishTranslation

x Like h in english. Example: how XeviXoXo

BirdOld

i feet fita Mecanic

k kitten kpo Cupkp say pick-pocket fast;

drop the ''-ket'' then the ''pi''akpe Thank

l lady ale Sheep

m man Mawu God

n net neti Coconut tree

sing di Morning/ greeting

ny French "peigner", Spanish "seor" nynu Woman

o no Togo Togo

paw, log; ball t Fatherp pick Peya Avocado.

r Africa (but roll the "r" a little) Afrika Africa

s sit suku School

t tip ati Tree

u loop suku School

ts Like ch in english church tsitsa Teacher

v vat eve Two

Put the end of a pen in your mouth andtry to pronounce the sound v, then tryit without the pen and you will obtainthe sound

tru

ee

A doorEwe

w wish woez Welcome

y you eya Wind

z zip az Feast

dz Pronounced like J in the englishword jogging

dzo To leave

Nasalized vowels

The sign~, slight sound of an, over the vowel indicates that it is nasalized.For example: el = meat

l l nudwla= Volunteer

Tones

Ewe is a tonal language as are most African languages. The major tones are:


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High (/)Low (\)

For example: m= we

m

= you

Word formation

Ewe is a composite language, meaning that basic words are often rearranged andcombined to make verbs into nouns or adjectives.

For example:u (nu) to eat (something)Nuuu food, meal

Nouns are combined with prepositions to form other words:

For example:Ae house/city, village of ones birth-me inside of -Aeme home


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Lesson 1

Greetings

Objectives:

After studying this lesson on greetings, trainees will be able to:

1) Use the specific vocabulary related to greetings to greet people at the different timesof the day

2) Use the specific verbs in the present tense3) Discuss cultural notes related to greetings4) Communicate, to build social relationship and friendship in Ewe communities in

order to support their personal safety and security.5) Practice greeting in the community while respecting the culture of the Ewe

community.


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Dailogue

Its seven a.m. Sara meets Kossi her neighbor and they greet.Sara: di fofovi

Kossi: di Dadavi. Aemetwe?

Sara: WfKossi: eviwe?

Sara: Wf

Kossi: Etsbe d?

Sara: Dts. Miagadgo

Kossi: Yoo, miagadgo.

Dialogue in English

Sara: Good morning, young man

Kossi: Good morning, young lady. How are the members of your family?(how is the family?)

Sara: They are fine.Kossi: How are the kids?Sara: They are fine.Sara: See you againKossi: Ok, see you again

Cultural notes

Greeting is a moral and social obligation that should not be neglected. Itsa sign of

respect.

You greet people fi rst before you talk about anything else.

For an elder, a Chief or a notable you bend down or genuflect while greeting.

You dont snap fingers with elders and women.

You in iti ate greeting with elders but not hand shaki ng.

Greeting is not only to ask about peoples health but also to show interest in a person

or to engage in conversation.

Greeting eases your integration and acceptance in the community. Therefore people

are ready to help you whenever you have a problem or a safety and secur ity issue.

Proverb:Amedzro si afle(The stranger or a new comer to an area has the obligation to go visit people and greetthem).


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Words and Useful expressions

Different greetings

di(06H0011H00) Good morning

d(11H0016H00) Good day Woale(16H0018H00) Good afternoon Fi(18H00night) Good evening

Periods of the day

dime in the morning dme in the noon etrme in the afternoon Fime in the evening

Zme in the night

Titles

Dadavi young lady/young sister Dag elder sister Dada mother, elder sister Fofovi young man Fofo father, elder brother Aet Mister

Aen Madam Aenvi Miss Tgbui old man, grandfather, chief of a village Mama old woman, grandmother

Noun+ vi small/younger Noun+ g big/elder

Some verbs

F To wake up d(al) To sleep Na asi To shake hand Do gbe Greet Xgbe Answer greetings


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Expressions

Ametwoe? how is the family/what about the family? A house Ame home(in the house)

Amet someone living in the house Wle/wf / wli they are fine eviwe? how are the children ? , mef nyuie yes, I am fine f nyuie a? are you fine ? gba? are you back ? Tsoetw (e)? the people of where you come from Miagadogo see you/we shall meet Ddnenyo sleep well Z nenyo good night

kekeanenyo have a good day Mawu nef m see you tomorrow Elea/elia? Are you there?

Wo marks the plural form e interrogative term

Damee? What about the office/job? Wh/wya And you? Mile edz Its going well

Egbe be d when you meet a person you already greetduring the day the day-literally means the work oftoday

Etsbe d! when you saw the person the day before Nyitsbed! when you saw the person more than two days

ago Woez(loo) Welcome

Grammar notes

i. The subjet pronouns

There are six subject pronouns in Ewe, the following are used for the present and past tense.

* Me

*

*

* M

* M

* W

IYouHe, she, itWeYouThey


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Example:

* Mefnyuie Im fine* Efnyuie You are fine* Ena as Ksi He/she shakes Kossis hand.

* Mi dnyui e We slept well* Mido gbe na aemetwo You greet people of the house

* Wodnyuie They slept well

You can also use miein place of miormein place of m

The verb doesnt change its formwhen itsconjugated

ii. The use of e

eis an interrogative particle that added to a noun means where is/what about/how is

Example:* Kofi e ? Where is/what about/how is Kofi?* eviwo e ? how are the kids doing?* Fotoa e ? where is the picture?

iii. The use of a

a at the end of a sentence indicates a yes or no questions.

Ef a?

Ele a?

Exercises

1) Build a dialogue with the words below and practice it with a classmate.

di, dadavi, egbe be d

aemetwo e, f a, woh

, mef , egbe be d,

miagadogo, dgbe, yoo.

2) Use the subject pronouns (me, , , mi, m, wo)to make sentences with the followingverbs:

a) F____________________________________________________

b) do gbe________________________________________________

c) d____________________________________________________


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d) Xgbe ________________________________________________

e) na asi _________________________________________________

3) Add e or a to the sentences below to ask questions:

Example: Mili -------------------milia ?

f) f nyuie _____________________________________________________

g) eviw __________________________________________

h) M li ____________________________________________

i) Esi dnyuie______________________________________

j) Sara_____________________________________________

k) Aemetw________________________________________

l) Nufialale _________________________________________

4) Rearrange the following words into sentences

a) Do gbe /me______________________________________

b) F / nyuie /Adzo__________________________________

c) a / d/ e / nyuie?_________________________________

d) Do gbe / a/ Ismal ________________________________

e) e/ Aemetwo? ___________________________________

f) nyuie /w / d____________________________________

g) mi / nyuie / f ____________________________________

h) a / d/ mi / nyuie?________________________________

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5) Answer the following questions.

a) eviwo e?___________________________________________

b) Esi e?______________________________________________

c) Mile a? ______________________________________________

d) Adzo kple Afi f nyui e a?_______________________________

e) Dometw e?________________________________________

f) Sukua e?____________________________________________

6) Translate the following sentences into Ewe.

a) See you tomorrow. ____________________________________

b) Did you sleep well? ____________________________________

c) Have a good day! _____________________________________

d) Im fine, and you how are you? ___________________________

e) Welcome ____________________________________________

f) How is the family ______________________________________

g) See you _____________________________________________

h) Good night ___________________________________________

i) Yes, the kids are doing well ______________________________

j) The people in the house are fine __________________________

Role play

1) In the morning, you meet a woman near your house, greet her and say good bye.

2) At noon, after class, you meet the Chief of your village, greet him appropriately andthen leave.

3) While going for a walk in the evening you see a young person, greet him/her andwish him/her a good night.


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Situation:

1) Your host brother comes back home from school in the evening. Greet him and askhim about his school.

2) Imagine a dialogue between you and your host mother as you are leaving the housefor your job in the morning. (Greeting, wishes for the day, expressions to take leave).

TDA

Go to one of the trainers or a host family member, greet him/her and answer thegreeting. Write down all new vocabulary you heard for next class.


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Lesson 2

Introduce oneself and someone else

Objectives:

After studying the lesson on introductions, trainees will be able to:

1) Use the vocabulary related to introducing oneself and someone else2) Ask questions to know someones identity3) Use specific verbs related to introduction in the present tense4) Discuss cultural notes related to introduction5) Introduce oneself to a member of the host family and collect information about

him/her.


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Dialogue

Rachel a Peace Corps Volunteer in troduces herself and hi s fri end Shana to a counterpar t

Rachel: Fi, Aen

Yawa: Fi, Dadavi. Mee kuku kwe?Rachel: knye enye Rachel.

Yawa: Dukame netso?

Rachel: Metso Washington le Amerika.

Yawa: Dka wla nenye?

Rachel: Menye l l nudwla yeye le Peace Corps.

Dadavi sia nye xl nye, ekenye Shana, tso Montana le Amerika.

Shana nye l l nudwla yeye le Atakpame.

Yawa: Enyo. Mawoezloo.

Rachel: Yoo, miagadogo.

Dialogue in English

Rachel: Good evening, Madam.Yawa: Good evening, young lady. Please whats your name?Rachel: My name is Rachel.Yawa: Where do you come from?Rachel: I come from Washington in the States.Yawa: Whats your profession?Rachel: Im a Volunteer in Peace Corps. This young lady is my friend, her name is

Shana, she comes from Montana in America, she is a new Volunteer in

Atakpame.Yawa: Well, welcomeRachel: Ok, see you later.

Cultural notes:

In general, presentation is not automatic to know someones name you have to ask for

it.

The first name, when its not a christian name corresponds to the day of the week on

which you are born (see table below)

A way to show respect is to avoid cal li ng people dir ectly by their name but you precede

the name by words like Da (davi) or Fo (fovi).

For Example Fo Simon, Da Sara

You al so use Ameg or Tgbui for old persons


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Days of the week and related names

Day English Woman name Man name

Dzoa (gbe) Monday Adz Kdz, KudzBlaa (gbe) Tuesday Abla Kmla

Kua (gbe) Wednesday Aku KkuYawoa (gbe) Thursday Yawa Yawo, AyawoFia (gbe) Friday Afi, Afua KofiMemlea (gbe) Saturday Ami, Ameyo KmiKsia (gbe) Sunday Ksiwa, Aksiwa, Esi Ksi

Vocabulary

k name

l l nudwla Volunteer (A)Fika where Sukuvi pupil, student Agbledela farmer Nufiala/tsitsa teacher Asitsala/nusala/nudzrala seller/trader kita/dyla doctor/nurse Dreva/ukula driver Kapita carpenter Klake clerk

Dkplavi apprentice Tela/awutla tailor Ddzikpla director Aet/Aen Mister/madam/head Xl friend Sr t married Ahivi girl/boy friend Tren bachelor/single ugbetsr fianc (e) Yeye new Xoxo old Du Town/country/village Amegbnvi/ bonne maid Aemedwla housewife

T:added to a country, town or place name to mean:- who comes from Togot Togolese- the owner or the sellerKpnt bread seller


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Nationality/origin

Togot Togolese Amerikat American Benint Beninese

Afrikat African Kpalimet Who is from Kpalime Kaliforniat Who is from California

Expressions

knye eny my name is kwe? whatsyour name? Dukame netso? from which town/village/country do you

come from

Fika (n)etso? where do you come from? Fika (n)ele? where are you/where do you live? Dukamet(n)enye? whats your nationality? Dkawla (n)enye? Whats your profession? n does not have a function, regionalvariation

Some verbs

Tso to come from Nye to be + (nationality, profession, maritalstatus)

Le to be (location)Exercises

1) Answer a question or ask a question

a) kw e?_______________________________________

b) Metso Kalifornia le Amerika.__________________________

__________________________________________________

c) (A)fika (n)tso? ____________________________________

d) Menye kita le Sokode. _____________________________

2) You are on the way to your friends house and you met a young person who greetsyou. Answer the greeting and ask questions to know him/her better


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Grammar notes

The use of the verb nyeand le= to be

i.

Ny

For example:Menye Amerikat Im AmericanJoe nye llnudwla Joe is a VolunteerAbra nye tren Abra is a bachelor

ii. Nye: possessive adjectiveknye my name

w:possessive adjectivekw your name

NB: More information on the possessive will be discussed in lesson 3

iii. Le= to be or to liveFor example:

Mi le Agou fifia We are in Agou now.

NB: Leis also used as a preposition meaning at or in.

For example:Me tso Accra le Ghana I come from Accra in Ghanatso Boston le Amerika She/he comes from Boston in America

Exercises

1) Translate the following sentences into Ewe.

a) Iam in Tabligbo ________________________________________

b) Esi is a student __________________________________________

c) She is a housewife in Cotonou _____________________________

d) Jennifer is a Peace Corps Volunteer in Atakpame ______________

______________________________________________________

e) Adzo is a single and she is an apprentice _____________________

______________________________________________________

f) Blandine is Training Manager at Peace Corps _________________

____________________________________________________

g) George is an American but he is in Togo now _________________


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____________________________________________________

h) Trainees are in Agou now _________________________

________________________________________________

2) Ask or answer questions from the statements below

a) knye eny Kmi____________________________________

b) Menye asitsala_______________________________________

c) Dukame (n)etso ______________________________________

d) Dka wla (n)enye? ____________________________________

e) Fika Dadavi sia tso?________________________________________________

f) Aku ny sr ta? , ____________________________________

g) Steve nye l l nudwla ________________________________

h) Mle Lome__________________________________________

3) Text:

knye enye Nancy. Metso Kalifornia le America, gake mele Togo fifia. Meny nusr la le

Agou.

Dadavi sia nye xlnye. Ekenye Akpn. Etso Gae le Togo. Eny tela le Kpalime.

Text:.

My name is Nancy. I come from California in the States, but now Im in Togo. Im a trainee

in Agou. This lady is my friend. Her name is Akpne. She comes from Gaein Togo. She isa mistress in Kpalime.

Questions

Dukame Nancy tso?______________________________________

DukametNancy nye?____________________________________


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Dkawla Nancy nye?_____________________________________

Fika Akpnetso?________________________________________

Akpnenye tela a?_______________________________________

TDA

In your neigborhood, meet two people; greet them, introduce yourself to them and askquestions to know them better (name-origin-profession-where they live). Write down theinformation for next class.


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Lesson 3

Introduce ones family

Objectives:

After studying the lesson on Introduce ones family, trainees will be able to:

1) Use the vocabulary related to family relationships and the numbers from 1 to 20 tointroduce their family

2) Use the possessive adjectives and their negative structure to introduce their familymembers

3) Discuss cultural notes related to the family4) Talk about their own family to a member of the community.


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Sara e ome Saras family

Text:

knye enye Sara, ame ade le onyeme: tnye, nnye, nviutsu eve kple nvinynu eka.

Tnye keny Yawo, ny nufiala le Adeta, tso Sevagan. Nnye keny Mas. Eny

asitsala. Etso Keta le Ghana.

Nvinyeutsuwo keny Yema kple Kdzo. Wle Lome. Nvinyenynu keny Esi, enye

kita le Tsevie. Mel onyeme ut.

Text:

My name is Sara there are six persons in my family: my father, my mother, my two brothersand my sister.

My fathers name isYawo, he is a teacher in Adeta, he comes from Sevagan.My mothers name is Mas. She is a trader; she comes from Keta in Ghana.My brothers names are Yema and Kdzo. They are in Lome. My sisters name is Esi, she isa nurse in Tsevie. I like my family so much.

Cultural notes

Polygamy is a reali ty in Togolese community

Cousins and sisters are considered just l ike sisters and brothers

Family l inks and communi ty solidari ty are strongThus acceptance in your famil y or in your community is

very important

Proverb: Nvitikplme ena o(Nothing can break family links)

Mas

KdzoSara

Esi

Yema

Yawo


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Vocabulary

Members of the family

ome Family Dzila Parent

T Father

N Mother

Vi

Nvi

Son/daughterSibling

Nviutsu Brother

Nvinynu Sister

Fofo Elder brother

Dada

Sr

Elder sister

Spouse Sr utsu Husband

Sr nynu Wife

Sr t Married

Ng Maternal aunt (elder)

Ni Maternal aunt (younger)

Nyr/nyin/ wfa Maternal uncle

Tga Parternal uncle (elder) Ti Parternal uncle (younger)

Tasi Parternal aunt

utsu sia/ ya This man Nynu sia/ ya This woman

evi Child (in general)

Tgbe Grandfather

Mama Grandmother

Nyr/ tasiyvi utsu Nephew

Ni/ng/nyr/ tasi/yvi utsu Niece

Tgbe yvi Grandson/granddaughter

Expressions

Tnye keny.. My fathers name is .

Nw ke? Whats the name of your mother?

Dzilanyew le Amerika My parents are in the States

Sr le asinye I have a spouse

Nviutsu Son/daughter

Nviutsu eka kple nvinynu eve le asinye I have a brother and two sisters

Nvi nenie le asiw? How many sisters and brothers have


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you? Dka wla nw nye? Whats your mothers profession?

Nnye ny asitsala My mother is a trader

Tnye tso Vogan My father comes from Vogan

Egbe Today

e Year

Some verbs

Le asi To have

Doomekple To be related to

For example: Medoomekple Esi Im related to Esi

esr To marry/to get married

Gbe atsu To divorce

L ame To love someone

Dzi vi To give birth (to have a child)

Numbers

1. eka 11. wuieke2. eve 12. wuieve3. et 13. wuiet4. ene 14. wuiene5. at 15. wuiat6. ade 16. wuiade

7.

dre 17.

wuidre8. enyi 18. wuienyi9. asieke 19. wuiasideke10. ewo 20. bla eve

Exercises

1) Give five words you associate with the word family and make a sentence with each ofthe words.

Example: t----tnye k enye Frank


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2) Complete this identity card

NameProfession

Origin

Father:Name:Place of residence:Profession:

FamilyMother:

Name:Place of residence:Profession:

Brothers and sistersName:Place of residence:

Profession:

Grammar notes

i. The possessive adjective has two forms: the normal form and the contracted one.

These are the contracted forms that mostly used with nouns related to family members.

Ewe

English Example

------nye my tnye My father

-----w your nw Your mothere-----(a) his/her/its evia

ek

his sonher name

mia---- our mia nyr our maternal uncle

ma---- your ma sr your husband/wife

W(a)---- their W(a) tasi Their paternal aunt

These are the normal forms

Ewe English Example

-----nye my agbalenye My book

-----w your aew Your houseEe----- his/her/its Ee suku

ek

his schoolher name

miae---- our Miae nufiala our teacher

mae---- your Mae tela your tailor

W(a)e---

their W(a)e fiase Their shop


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ii. The plural in Ewe is made by adding w to the end of a word

Example:Nufialaw teachers

Nviw sisters/brothersMiaenusrlaw our students

iii. The verble---asi to have

The affirmative structure is: subject + verbal form + complet

sr le asinye I have a husband/wifeFofo le asiwo you have an elder brotherVi le esi he/she has a childNi le miasi we have a younger maternal aunt

Tg le miasi we have an elder paternal uncleTasi le wsi they have a paternal aunt

The negative structure is : subject + me+ verbal form + compl + o

Sr me le sinye o I dont have a husband/wifeFofo me le asiwo o you dont have an elder brotherVi me le esi o he/she doesnt have a childNi me le miasio we dont have a younger maternal auntTg me le miasio we dont have an elder paternal uncleTasi me le wsi o they dont have a paternal aunt

Exercises

1) Use the correct possessive adjective that corresponds to the English word inparenthesis:

Example:vi (my) vinye

a) T(his) _________________________________

b) Nyr(our)________________________________

c) Nufiala(your, singular)________________________

d) Ae(his) _________________________________

e) N(your, singular) __________________________


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f) Tasi(their) ___________________________

g) Nviutsu(your, plural)______________________

h) Ddzikpla(our)________________________

i) Suku(her) _______________________________

2) Rearrange the following words into sentences:

a) eka / le / Nviutsu / asinye_______________________

b) tw / enye / k/ kofi ________________________

c) nynuvi / si / eve / tnye /le _________________________

d) k/ tasiwo / e? _________________________________

e) nviutsu / le / nenie / asiw? ________________________

f) fofo / asinye /me / le/ o ____________________________

Exercises

1) Answer these questions.

a) Nw ke? ____________________________________________

b) Nvi nenie le asiw? _______________________________________

c) Tw ke? ____________________________________________

d) Dka wla tw nye? ______________________________________

e) Dukame nw tso? ________________________________________

f) Nynu nenie le tw si?_____________________________________

g) Nyrw ke? _________________________________________

h) Dka wla tasiw nye? ______________________________________

i) x ke? ___________________________________________

j) Vi le ngw si a? __________________________________________


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2) Translate into Ewe:

There are 12 persons in my family: my father, my mother, my sisters, my brothers, mypaternal aunt and my maternal uncle. Our father comes from Tsevie and our mother is from

Keta. They have 3 sons and 5 daughters.3) Ask questions from the following statements:

a) Vi eve le asinye_____________________________________________

b) Tinye keny Kmla ______________________________________

c) Nynu ene le tnye si ________________________________________

d) Mia ni keny Kafui ______________________________________

e) e wuieve le vinye si _________________________________________

Role play:

You are meeting your host fathers friend for the firs t time. Introduce your family tohim and ask questions about his family.

TDA

Your host family would like to know more about the members of your family in theStates. Give them information and ask questions to know more than what you actually know.


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Lesson 4

Buying essential items

Objectives:

After studying the lesson on buying essential items trainees will be able to:

1) Count the CFA in Ewe2) Name some essential items found at the market3) Use expressions and verbs related to shopping4) Use some interrogative terms (nenie, nuka ) the definite article a and the

present progressive form to purchase items5) Discuss cultural notes related to market6) Develop strategies for their personal security in the market7) Buy an essential item at the market price


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Dialogue

Evangeli ne a PCV went to the market in Azahoun to buy cloth .

Afi: Dadavi woez. Nuka dim (n)ele?

Evangeline: Mele avdi(m)Afi: Avsgble asiny. ka dim nele?

Evangeline: Tsivivdim mele. Nenie ny y?

Afi: Abeka kotoku eka kple af.

Evangeline: Oh xasi akpa, mee kuku e dzi nam

Afi: Nenie le asiw?

Evangeline: Male biyedzenyi.

Afi: Oh mesu o. Godogodo kotoku eka

Evangeline: Yoo, xga.

Afi: Xava kple tsedziaEvangeline: Yoo, akpe kaka

Afi: Mesu akp o. Magadgo

Dialogue in English

Afi: Welcome young lady! What are you looking for?Evangeline: Im looking for clothAfi: I have a lot of cloths. Which one are you looking for?Evangeline: Im looking for tsivi, the lower quality. How much is this?

Afi: One thousand five hundred CFA for two yards.Evangeline: Oh. It is too expensive, reduce the price, please!Afi: How much do you have?Evangeline: I want to buy it at eight hundred.Afi: Oh. It is not enough. The last price is one thousand CFA.Evangeline: Ok, take the money.Afi: Take the cloth and the change.Evangeline: Ok, thank you very muchAfi: You are welcome. See you again.


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Cultural and safety and security notes

The market day is not only for trading but i s also a great opportuni ty to meet f ri ends

Its necessary to bargain in the market and sometimes in shops.

Exchanging things is not automatic; you need to discuss the case with the sel ler before.

You dont use your left hand in the market.

You dont bargain early in the morning without buying the item.

Its not safe to go to the market with too much money on you or just after banking.

Its important to be careful about people who ask for help in the market.

When buying food you can ask the sel ler to add you some as a gift.

Proverb: Asigbe y asi i na(there is time for everything)

Vocabulary

Numbers from 21 to 100

Bla eve veke 21 Bla eve veve 22

Bla eve vasike 29

Bla t 30

Bla tvek 31

Bla tveve 32

Bla ene 40 Bla ene vke 41

Bla at 50 Bla asike 90 Alfa/alafa eka 100

Alafa eka kpl eka 101 Alafa eka bla eve veve 122

Expressions to count money

Coins

Biye eka 5F Biye ve 10F Kpon 25F

Biye ad 30F Biye ew 50F Kpont 75F


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Biye dz(eka)/alafa (eka) 100F Biye dzeve 200F Biye dzeve kple af/ 250F

Biye dzeve by w

Biye dzat 500F

Bank notes/bills

Kotoku eka/akp eka 1000F Kotoku eve 2000F Kotoku at 5000F Kotokuew 10.000F

Words and expressions related to the use of the money

Ga/ho money Ga lili lime money Gao dirty money/note Ga yy new coin/note Ga vv teared note Tsdzi/gagbagba change Womaga/ppaga bill/note Ga wli coin Af half

Essential items

Afkpa shoes/sandals

Ttsi flash light

Ttsikp battery

Azale/ai soap Kuku hat (E) xa broom Akutsa sponge Tka bucket

Kpn bread

Skl sugar Edze salt Skl Kpn sugar bread

Edze Kpn salt bread

Atd pepper Timti tomato Sabala onion


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Att pineapple

Ak banana

Aib papaya ut orange Pya

avocado

Av material/pagne/cloth

N thing(in general)

Expressions

Nka d(m) nle? What are you looking for?(present progressive)

Mele afkpa d(m) Im looking for sandals

Male t Ill buy/I want to buy orange

Nenie/nene ny ut a? How much is the orange?

xasi akpa/ ut Its too expensive

e dzi nam Reduce the price for me

Nk dzra (m) (n)le? What are you selling?

Biye ew ko le asinye I only have 50F

Nlela Customer/client

Ndzrala Seller

Asigbe Market

Mexasi o Its not expensive

kp Its cheap

u agba To go bankrupt Hamehame/vovovo Different kind of

Tee eka/oo eka Pile of

Kpnt Bread seller

e dzi nam Add me some (its normal to ask fora gift if you buy food at the market)

Godogodo Cant go lower than that/last price

Sgb A lot of

Mana kotoku et Ill/l want to give 3000F

Verbs

Dzra/sa to sell le to buy X to receive

Ts to take

Xasi to cost e dzi to reduce it (the price)


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* Fika whereFika yim w le? Where are they going?Fika nw tso where does your mother come from

* Nenie (nene) how muchNene (n) le afkpaka sa(m)? How much are selling the sandal?

* ( A)meka who

Meka dim m le? Who are you looking for?

N.B: with the interrogative form the subject pronoun(he/she)becomesw.(you sing)becomesn withnregional variation.

For example:Nuka dim w le? what is he looking for?Eka dim n le? Which one are you looking for?

i. The definite article laor the contracted form athat the commonly used.

For example:utla/uta the orangeAfkpaa the sandal

Fika utale? where is the orange?

Exercises

1) Below is a list of verbs. With these verbs make sentences in the present progressivetense using

a) the affirmative structure

b) the interrogative structure (either with an interrogative term or not)

List of verbs: le, d, x, dzra, yiExample:a) Nufiala le uti le(m)b) Nufiala le uti lem a?or

Nuka lem nufiala le?

2) Use thefollowing interrogative terms to ask questions:

Nene, nuka, ka, noun+ ka


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3) Usenene nenie)and the definite articleato ask the price of the followingitems and give the price in Ewe.

Example:

nene enye aia? Biye dzeka

ai(100F) _____________________________________________________

av(2000F)____________________________________________________

ut(75F)_____________________________________________________

aiba(250F)___________________________________________________

ttsikp(150 F) ________________________________________________

sklkpn(300F) _______________________________________________

papau(1500F)_________________________________________________

akutsa(500F)___________________________________________________

kuku(600F)____________________________________________________

edze(25F)_____________________________________________________

4) Answer the following questions

a) Nkale(m) w le? atadi. le atadi le

c) Ameka di(m) Ksi le? valentine_____________________________

d) Nka dzram ne le? sabala ________________________________

e) Fika ddzikpla tso? Amrika______________________________

f) Nka xm Afi le? tsdz_________________________________

g) Dka wla nw nye? asitsala______________________________


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5) Dialogue: Katy the PCV goes to market to buy onions

Katy: Gue, an.

Abla: Gue Dadavi, nka dim nle?Katy: Mele sabala dim. Nenie neo sabala siaw (yaw)?

Abla: Te vovovowo li: biye wo, biyedz, biyedzeve. Nenetdim ne le?

Katy: Bydztya? Exas t, mee kuku e dzi vi/vi.

Abla: Ao, Dadavi sabala le asi x(m) fifia.

Katy: Yoo, gake mee kuku e dzi nam.

Abla: Enyo, xeka.

Katy: Akp, xgaa. Kotoku eka le asinye, gagbagba li a?

Abla: , li.

Katy: Nam tsedzi.Abla: Tsedzia ya/ tsedzi ny sia.

Katy: Akpe, miagadogo.

Some words

ny si/ya here is.Neniet/nenet for how much

Nam give me (in the dialogue) but also means: to me/for meVi/vi a little

Questions

a) Nka dim Katy le?

b) Nenie nudzrala o sabala?

c) Nenetdim Katy le?

d) Sabalaa xasi a?

e) Ameyo e sabala dzi na Katia?

f) Nene le Katy si?

g) Tsedzi nene Katy x?

6) Translate into Ewe

a) What are you looking for?___________________________________________

b) Im looking for batteries

___________________________________________


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c) For how much?___________________________________________

d) Its too expensive, please reduce the price forme

___________________________________________e) Who are you looking for?

__________________________________________

f) I only have 2650F

__________________________________________

g) No, I dont have any change

_________________________________________

h) Where are the sandals?_____________________________________


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7) Write a conservation between the seller and the customer based onthis picture.


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TDA

Go to the market, identify an article of your choice, ask for the price, bargain and buy itand ask for the change.


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Lesson 5

Talk about food habits of the host country

Objectives:

After studying this lesson, trainees will be able to:

1) Name some foods in Ewe areas2) Use expressions and verbs related to food preparation in order to talk about meals3) Discuss cultural points related to food habits

4) Talk about what to eat in order to stay healthy5) Give a recipe


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Dialogue

Laura tells her fr iend Yawa about her lunch

Yawa: Davi Laura, la?

Laura: , tsbe d.Yawa: Nka u etsdme?

Laura: Meu mlu kple etsi viviae, gake nye me

nya eko.

Yawa: Enyo, nyeya meu tekkple gbomadetsi.

Laura: Ooh! Nye h melna gboma detsi ut.

Dialogue in English

Yawa: Young lady, are you all right?Laura: Yes,Yawa: What did you eat at noon yesterday?Laura: I ate rice and a delicious sauce, but I dont know the name. Yawa: Well, (me) I ate boiled yam and spinach sauce.Laura: I also like spinach sauce.

Cultural notes

When you eat you invite people near you to shar e your meal using the expression va

mu n

or

mu n, but this doesnt mean that they will necessarily eat. Theanswer to this invitation is ne z Enjoy your meal or go ahead. When you

get that invitation and you feel like eating say akpe= thank you and eat.

The left hand is seen like dirty and is not acceptable at table when youre with peole.

You dont smell food in order to appreciate it and you should not step over the meal.

Kitchen utensils should not be used for other purpose such as taking shower or

hi ting someone.

Foods taboos are specif ic to famil ies, communi ties or ethn ical groups

Traditional restaurants, streets food restaurants or fufu bars serve cheap but

good food and the service is qui ck. However be carefu l, they are not always clean

and healthy. Consequentl y, PCTs and PCVs are not advised to eat salads in those

restaurants.

Proverb:detsivivi ye hea zikpi(a delicious sauce brings you closer to the table: When the thing becomes interesting people pay more attention to it).


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Vocabulary

Foods/meals

Nuu Food

Akple Dough (of maize, millet) Mlu rice

Ete Yam

Agbeli Cassava

Etek/agbelik Boiled yam/boiled cassava

Eteba Ragout/stew (yam)

Ayimlu Rice and beans prepared together

Dzkpl Red paste, made with palm nut oil

Koliko Fried yam

(A)bladzo tt Fried plantain

(A)bladzoaa bioled plantain

(A)bladzomeme Roasted plantain

(Ete) fufu Pounded yam

(Agbeli) fufu Pounded cassava

Gawu Fried bean doughnut

Gali Cassava flour

Galift Mixed gali and tomato stew

Galidetsi Mixed gali, sugar and water

Ablo Steam-cook paste made of corn porridge

Dzogb/dzogba

Porridge

Aha Drink

(E) tsi Water

Aha sese Alcoholic drink

(E) deha Palm wine

Soabi Local alcoholic drink (like gin)

Some of the foods are called by their french name such as:

Chou Cabbage Carotte Carot Haricots verts French bean Pomme de terre Potato Salade/saladagbe Salad/lettuce Petit pois Garden peas


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Some sauces

Dts Sauce Dtsuui/agbamedts Tomato sauce

Gbomadts Spinach sauce (E)dedts Palm nut sauce Fufutsi/dtsxl Slight sauce Gusidts Sesame sauce Kotobritadi Cocoyam leaves sauce Azidts Peanut sauce Ademedts Ademesauce (Ademe is a vegetable) Fetrsidts Okra sauce

There are many other vegetables used for the sauce such as: soboe, yovogbama, aloma

Ingredients

Edze Salt

Sabala Onion

Ayo Garlic

Atikali Black pepper

Atadi Hot pepper

Am Oil

Amdz Palm nut oil

Azm Vegetable oil (made of peanut)

(E)l Meat Koklol Chicken (meat)

(E)nyil Beef

Gbl Goat

Hal Pork

Akpa/akp Fish

Akpameme Smoked fish

Akpamumu/ l mumu Fresh fish

Kanam Fried fish

Utensils

Agb Plate

Agbgobo Bowl

Gatsi Spoon

Gafo Fork

Kakla/eh knife

Kpo/kpu cup

Eze Cooking pot Siliva Sauce pan

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Verbs

u (n) To eat (something)

a (n) To cook No (n) To drink

To (fufu) To pound (fufu)

Tso (sabala) To cut (onion)

Tu (atadi) To crash (pepper)

o (dzogb) To prepare (porridge)

Expressions

Nye me una l o I dont eat meat

Nye me nona ah sese o I dont drink alcohol Nye me una akpl o I dont eat paste

Evivi t Its very delicious/good

Nuuua vivi t The food is very delicious

Edze v detsia There is too much salt in the sauce

Atadi v detsia The sauce is spicy

(A)leke w ana teba? How does one cook yam stew?

(A)leke (n)e ana azidetsi How you prepare peanut sauce?

Other words

Gb First

Evelia Second

Emegb After that

Dog/hafi Before

Alo Or

Eye Then

Gake But

(E)kema So Ne If/to/for

Exercises

1) Add a maximum of three words to each word below to make complete sentences.Example:u

mu mlu

mu mlu kpl gbomadetsiNye kpl Afi mu mlu kpl gboma detsi

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Suggested words :Ayimlu,

Koliko

a nu

Azidetsi

2) You meet your friend after dinner. Ask questions to know what he/she ate and tellhim/her about your dinner.

Text: A)leke wotna koliko?

Gba, kpa te, fli lblbalo gbadzgbadz Evelia, kltefliflia nyuie eye na ke

edzetsime. Emegbe, o ami dzodzi. Ne amia xdzo la, ktea e eme, asi ne fie nyuie hafi

na blu eme. Ne ega fie vie ko lo. Ekema esgbe ne uu.

How to make koliko

First peel the yam, cut it in long or small pieces. Second wash the pieces and steep them into

salt water. After that heat oil in a pan and put the pieces in the oil, let it fry for a while and

turn it. Wait a few minutes more and remove it: your koliko is ready to eat.

3) Read this sentence: me le nu am.

Now suggest substitutes: one, two or three words that could be replaced to make new

sentences.

You get something like:

Me le n am le dzodoe

Me le fufu tom le dzodoe

Adzo le galidetsi nom le xme.

Suggested sentences:

Sewa le ahavivi nom.

Kmi u aple.

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Situation:

You invited a togolese friend to share your lunch with you. After the meal, she/he asks youfor the recipe. So give her/him the recipe.

TDA

Ask your host mother or sister the recipe for a meal you choose. Bring the information to

class and share it with your classmates.

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Lesson 6

Invite someone, accept or decline an invitation

Objectives:

After studying this lesson trainees will be able to:

1) Use specific vocabulary and verbs to invite someone

2) Accept or decline an invitation in a polite way to maintain a good relationship withpeople, which will support their personal safety and security.

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Dialogue

Akuvi invi tes her neighbor, the PCV Maro to a local and popular danse named Akpese.

Akuvi: Dadavi Maro, f a?

Maro: wya ?

Akuvi: Nye h mef. Medi be ma kpewo yi eue fime, mee kuku la?

Maro : Oh, dzdzi nam, akpekaka.

Akuvi: Enyo, eyi fime

Maro: Yoo.

Dialogue in English

Akuvi: Young sister Maro, how are you?

Maro: Im fine, and you?

Akuvi: Im also fine. I would like to invite you to Akpese dance tonight. Would

you like it?

Maro : Oh yes! I would like it, thank you very much.

Akuvi: Well, see you tonight.

Maro: Ok.

Cultural notes

I n general, f r iends or members of the same fami ly visit each other wi thout any

previous invitation.

You are always welcome to share a meal or a drink or to spend time

together even if it was not planned before.

You are responsible forguests food or drink.Its necessary to express your limits during an invitation where people will be

offering you food and drink again and again.

Proverb:Nuvi nametme nye dzouameto (he who gives or offers a little is not an

enemy, so no matter how little a gift is, enjoy it and be grateful).

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Expressions

Medibe ma kpw I would like to invite you

Medibe ma kpm I would like to invite you (plu)

El be yead kplm a/ would you like to go out with me?

El be mad a?

di be yeadgo a? would he/she like going out?

dzdzi na w be aunu kplm a? would you like to eat with me?

Yoo, enyo, akp ok, thats great, thanks

, edzdzi nam yes, I like it/its a pleasure.

, melbe Yes, I accept to nyo, mava well, I will come

Ao, akp no, thank you

Mee kk, vovo mele utiny o. Im sorry ,Im not free

Nye ma t va o I cannot come

Nye ma t yi o Icant go

Dsugble dziny Im too busy

Occasions to be invited

Evieto naming ceremony/ outdooring

Ceremony/traditional baptism

Sr e wedding ceremony

Dzigbez birthday

Etsxme/kut funerals Tsdtaknu baptism ceremony

Knu ceremony

Dezu traditional feast/ celebration

Az feast

Krismas(i) Christmas

Ista easter

e yy new years Tsa a walk

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Tabaski, ramadan Tabaski, ramadan

Verbs

Kpe ame to invite someone

Di to look for/to want/to desire

L to like/ to love

Dzdzi to please

Exercise

Give an affirmative or a negative answer to these questions in Ewe

a) Would you like to come to my birthday celebration?

_____________________________________________________________

b) Would you like going out with me to night?

_____________________________________________________________

c) Will you be pleased to have dinner with me?

_____________________________________________________________

d) Would you go to the funerals with my family?

_______________________________________________________

Grammar notes

The conditional tense used to express politeness, a wish or to soften a demand or an order is meant in Ewe: medibe+ future

Example:Medi be makpe w le krsitmas dzi I would like to invite you for Christmas

Subj+be+future subj+verb+object

di be yakpm you would like to invite me

di be yakpw he/she would like to invite you

Mdi be makpw we would like to invite them

Mdi be makpew you would like to invite her/him

Wdi be yewoakp m they would like to invite us.

Situation

Your host sister/brother seems bored at home. Discuss plans to make for the evening.

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TDA

Ask two or three people in your host family or in your neighorhood how they accept ordecline an invitation without frustating your host . Come back to class with your findings.

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Lesson 7

Talk about daily activities

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Objectives


1. Name different daily activities

2. Use the appropriate vocabulary and the present habitual to talk about daily activities in

their community3. Discuss cultural notes and safety and security issues related to the competence

4. Talk about their daily activities in the community for their good integration.

Text:Aku e gbesiagbe dwww.

disiadi. Aku f na kaba. funakume y una alo. lena ts.

dna awu, vuna a y yina suk. Le suk megba, ei tna u y gbna e me. Le

zme la, me mlna anyi kba o.

Akus daily activities.

Every day Aku wakes up early. She washes her face and chewes stick, she takes her

bath, gets dressed, combs her hair and goes to school. After class, she is tired and she relaxes.

At night, she doesnt go to bed early.

Cultural notes

I n the morning people wash their face before they greet or start their activiti es.

Acti vit ies are shar ed according to gender and age

I n general , women take care of household chores.

I ts better to wear appropriate shoes to go to farm.

Proverb:

Ed

enye ame

(work makes life value)

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Vocabulary

Some places

Xme in the room

xdme in the bed room

Dzod kitchen

Tsle bathroom

Tme in the river

Suk school

Dme at the office

Agble field

Asime in the market

Daily activities

Dal to sleep

Ny /f to raise

Tsite/tso to wake up Fukume to wash face

Lu ge/lge to shave

Vu a to comb hair

D awu to get dressed

e awu to take off clothes

u alo/klnume to chew stick and clean teeth/wash mouth

Mlanyi to go to bed i tsa to take a walk

dzudz/gbme/ime to rest

Kplnu to sweep the floor

Klagb to wash dishes

Nya n to do laundry

a n to cook

D dz to light a fire

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u n to eat

ku ts to fetch water

Yi agbl to go to farm

Yi suk to go to school Yi dme to go to the office

Xle n to read

Fe to play

Kukeke to ride a bicycle

Expressions of time

di sia di everyday

dsia d everynoon

Z sia z every night

etrsia etr every afternoon

Ksia sia Ksia every week

Gasiagame evey time

(E)e sia e every year

Kb early/quickly

dzidzi often

ea wy/gawme sometimes

hafi before

megb after

y and

Mlba finally

Kptea last

Nka wna di sia di? What do you do every morning?

Dka wna gbesiagbe? What do you do everyday?

Nuka (n) e wna/dka newna+period what do you use to do at that period?

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Exercises:

1. Guessing: the teacher performs an action and the learner guesses the verb (activity)

that corresponds to the action.

2. Give the activities that correspond to these periods of the day:

dime

dme

Fime

Zme

Example: dime

F , lu ge

Grammar notes

nais attached to the verb to indicate habit or regularity of the activity.

The contracted word isa

Subject+verb+naora+compl.

Example:

Akuf na kb Aku wakes up early (she used to)ana nu di sia di she cooks every morning.kuatsi dzidzi often, she (used to fetch) fetches waterMena ak o I eat bananasMe yia suk gbesiagbe I go to school every dayWla nuu ksia sia ksia they buy food every week

The negative form:

Subject+me+verb+naora+compl.+o

Aku mefna kaba o Akudoesnt wake up early (she doesnt used to...)Me ana nu di sia di o she doesnt cook every morning.Me kuatsi dzidzi o she doent fetch waterNye me una aku o I dont play football often.M me ona bl dzidzi o you dont play football often.M me yia suku gbsiagbe o we dont go to school every day.

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Exercises

1) Say what you do at these different periods of the day:

di sia di,

________________________________________________________

dsia d________________________________________________________

fisiafi,_________________________________________________________

Example: di sia di me melena tsi.

2) Change the sentences in exercise 1 into the negative formExample: Ny me lena tsi di sia di o

3) Usenaoraand change the following sentences according to thisExample:Blandine le nu fiam_______Blandine fiana nu_______

a) Mi le asime yim__________________________________________

b) Nusr lawole ewgbesr m.________________________________

c) Mi le dwm____________________________________________

d) Me le akpl am________________________________________

e) Me le fufu tom__________________________________________

f) Nufiala le agbalxlm____________________________________

g) Sukuviw lenusr m a ?____________________________________

h) Amerikatw le kk kum_________________________________

i) Jenifer le du um________________________________________

j) Amy le xme kplm______________________________________

4) Tell a story about someones daily activities. The trainer begins the story and trainees

continue the story in turn.

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Text:

di sia di, mekplna nu hafi le na tsi. Ne mele tsi vla, meuna nu y medzrana o.

megba, me yina dme. Mewna dsgble kekeame gake nye me dzudzna o. ei

tena unye t. Mlebala, melena tsi, me mlna anyi y medna al.Ne mele tsi vla = when I finish to take bathi tena uny = I get tiredkekeame = in the day

Questions

a) Nuka Abla wna hafi le na ts ?

b) Nuka wwna ne le tsi v?

c) Emegbe ?

d) Nuka Abla wna le dme?

e) ei tena Abla ua?

f) Nuka wwna le ame fime

5) Change the paragraph di sia diyina dme into the negative form.

Situation

During your post visit, your counterpart will ask you about your plan for the week.

Role play

You want to plan a happy hourwith your friend over the weekend. Imagine aconversation with him when you discuss your schedule for the weekend and find the rightmoment for your happyhour

TDA

Observe the members of your host family and ask them questions about their dailyactivities. Write a paragraph on that for next class.

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Lesson 8

Ask for and give direction and time

Objectives:

After studyng this lesson, trainees will be able to:

1) Use appropriate vocabulary to ask for and give directions and the time

2) Use the imperative form and prepositions to ask for and give directions

3) Discuss cultural notes and safety and security issues related to orientation

4) Give and follow directions in the community.


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Dialogue

Jane a PCV in Af agnan arr ives in Pagala for a workshop and she asks Kudzo to indicate

her the road from the center to the vil lage market.

Jane: di AetKudzo: di, dAdavi, f a?

Jane: , mef . Mee kk mka mto ayi asime?

Kudzo: Me ss o, z yi gt, ne eo amdzila nato nuusime,

megba, z tvase mdzkplia nu, xa kna nuusime y nazvi,

akpasia le gw

Jane: Akp kk

Kudzo: Me su akp o.

Dialogue in Englsih

Jane: Good morning, sir.Kudzo: Good morning young lady. How are you?Jane: Im fine. Please how do I get to the market?Kudzo: Its not difficult, go straight to the paved road and turn right. After that

go straight to the crossroads, turn right and walk for a few minutes, you will seethe market in front of you (the market is in front of you).

Jane: Thank you very much.Kudzo: Youre welcome.

Cultural notes

I n general, indications about di stance are not precise

Sometimes with i l li terate people, time is related to the activiti es of the day (li ke chi ldren

going to school, muslems morning prayer)

Some people wil l come late for meetings

People would prefer to l ead you to the place by themselves or by having a chi ld accompagn

you.

Keep asking people for directions unti l you arr ive at your destination.

Proverb: mtabiala me bu na o (He who asks for direction never gets lost)


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Vocabulary

Some places

Asime In the market

K dzi Hospital, health center Fiame In the Chiefs house

Suk School

Fiase (me) (in the) shop

uoe Taxi station

Ahanoe Bar

Nue Restaurant

M Way, road

Am Paved road

Afm Path

Mdzekpli Crossroads Dzodz Traffic light

Ablme Traditional public place

Auta Beach

Posu Post office

Verbs

Fia m To indicate

Fia To indicate Yi To go

Yi miame To go left

Yi usime To go right

Va Come

Dzo To leave

Z To walk

Do g To arrive in advance

To/yi miame To go left

Tso mme To cross the road Tte To stop

Xa kna To turn

Tr To go back/to return

Trva To come back

Tryi To go back

o

Fia

To arriveTo show

Fiam Show me


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Bu m/tra m To get lost

Kplyi To go with

kplva To come with

Expressions

Miame Left

Nu (usime) Right

didi Its far

Medidi o Its not far

tskpoe Its close

megb After

Tso afisia/tso fiya From here

(A)fima There

Fika uoea le? Where is the taxi station?

Vasee To/until Ne la If ,

Expressions related to time

Ga Hour/time

Ga nen o le gbw? What time is it?

o ga eve Its two oclock

o ga etkple miniti blaeve Its three twenty

o ga eka kple af Its one and half

o di ga ade Its six a.m. sus/kptminiti at ne ga dre Its five to seven

Metsi megb Im late

Medo g I m in advance/ I come early

Gakame makpa? When will we close?

Gakame madogo? When will we meet?

Tsi megbe To be late

Ngamedzi To be on time

Exercises

1) Make sentences with these words:

Example: k dzi___Nnye le k dzi__

a) Nuue_______________________________________________________


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b) Ahanoe______________________________________________________

c) Fiaeme______________________________________________________

d)ue______________________________________________________

e) Auta___________________________________________________

2) Make sentences with these expressions:

a)To nuusime_____________________________________________________

b) Vasee______________________________________________________

c) Fika______________________________________________________

d) Fiam______________________________________________________

3) Read the time on these pictures:


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Grammar notes

i) Prepositions in general the follow the noun.Here are some:

Prepositions(ewe) English Example

-me in Nusrlaw le ume.Trainees are in the vehicle

-dzi on Agbala le kpldziThe book is on the table

-uti at, against Ele kplutiHe is at the table

-kume, -g in front of, face Kdzia le sukua kumeThe hospital faces the school.

-gb near, close to, to Fiasea le uoea gbThe shop is near the station

-xa near, nearby Sukua le asia xaThe school is near the market

-megbe,-megbedome

behind Aea le nuuea gbThe house is behind the restaurant

-titina

-dodome

middle, center Fiaeme le dua e titina/dodomeThe chiefs house is in the center of the village

-dome betwen K dzia le asia kple sukua domeThe hospital is betwen the market and the school

ii) Imperative: the formation and utilization are the same as in English, except that the plural personalpronouns (m, m) are not dropped out.

Example:

yi gt go straightz tvasee go straight to them yi gvi lets continue a littlem xa kna e miame (let you) turn left

Exercises

1) Trainees execute orders from trainer and then they do the same thing one by onebetween themselves.

2) Practice question and answer: to be done among trainees

a) Ga nenieo?(15h00)_________________________________________________

b) Ga nenie madzo? (10h20)__________________________________________________


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c) Gakame Adzo va? (18h35)________________________________________________

d) Ganeneme sukviwo gbna etrme? (15h00)__________________________________

3) Give indications based on the map below:

From:a) kdzito bank

b) uoeto bloe

c) Ahanoeto posu

d) Asimeto nuue


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Situation

You are inviting your classmates to your host familys house. Give them directions from the tech house to your house.

TDA

Go to your host father, ask him how to get to a place you want to go to, write down theinformation in ewe and come back with it to class.


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Lesson 9

Talk about transportation

Objectives:


1) Use the present progressive, interrogative words and the future tense2) Ask questions about the coast, travel time and destinations to be able to travel

independently3) Discuss travel conditions and strategies to travel safely


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Dialogue

The PCV M ichele goes to her post Nyassive

Buka: Dadavi woez

Michele: Yoo, ef a?Buka: , me f . Fika yim nele ?Michele : Me le Nyassive yim.Buka : Nyassive uoeale(a)fimaaaMichele: Yoo, akpe.(She goes to the place)Dreva: Nyassive ame eka, Nyassive ameeka!

Dadavi Nyassive a?

Michele: , nene nye uoga a?Dreva: Biyedzenyi koe, va nanyi mi dzo.Michele: Yoo, gakame miadzo?

Dreva: Madzo fifia.

Dialogue in English

Buka: Welcome young ladyMichele: Ok, how are you?Buka: Im fine, where are you going?Michele: Im going to Nyassive.Buka: The vehicles to Nyassive are over thereMichele: Well, thank you. (She goes to the place)

Dreva: One person for Nyassive, young lady are you going to Nyassive?Michele: Yes, whats the travel fee?Dreva: Only eight hundred. Come take a seat for departure.Michele: Ok, when are we leaving?Dreva: We will leave soon.

Cultural notes

Travelers need to be patient enough because dri vers wil l try to have as many

passengers as possible before they depart and they are often overloaded.

I n some remote vi l lages, you can be wait ing the whole day, or vehi cles are available

only on market days.

Its important to have your valuableson you, not packed in your bags...

You should check your luggage whenever a passenger is getti ng of f al ong the way.

Proverb: evi matsadukpegblna be yene detsi koe vivina(A kid that has nevervisited other countries thinks her mother is the best cook)


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Vocabulary

Means of transportation

Af foot/feet

Keke bicycle Kekevi handcar Em/dzokeke/zemidz motocycle (E)u vehicle/car ug truck Aklo pirogue Yameu airplane

Words and expressions

uoe car station Dreva driver uoga travel fee Agba luggage Agbaga/agbatsi luggage charge

Verbs

o u To take a car/vehicle

o m To take a moto

o yameu To take an air plane Ku keke To bike

Kuu To drive

i To get down

Dzo To leave

Dzo yi To leave for

Gb To come back

Yiudoe To go to the station

Tte/nte To stop


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Expressions

Mai e kuma I will get off in Kuma

Mai e fiya I will get off here

Nenie wo onau tso yi?/

Nenie nyeudoga tso yi ?

How much do you pay from to ?

udoga enye /wotuna You pay

ukawoe li? Which vehicle are available

ukawoe yina ? Which vehicles are going ?

Gakame miadzo? When are we leaving?

Miadzo ga et We will leave at three

Gakame miao? When will we arrive?

Miao ga ene Well get there at four.

Edidia? Is it far?

,

edidi/ao, medidi o

Yes, its far/no, its not far

miao fifia Well arrive soon

Dreva, mai Driver, Ill stop there

Dreva, tte mai/nte mai Stop driver, I will get down here

Mayi mava Im going and I will be back

Mayi Lome mava Im going to Lome and I will be back

Gaoo nene miawhafi ao? How long does it take to reach there?

Exercises

1) What will you say in Ewe in these situations:

a) To know the tariff from Kpalime to Atakpame

__________________________________________________________

b) To know what time you are departing?

_______________________________________________________

c) To know when you will get there?

__________________________________________________________

d) To tell the driver youll get down at Govie

________________________________________________________


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2) Make sentences with the verbs below:

a) o u _____________________________________________________

b) ku keke ___________________________________________________

c) dzo yi ____________________________________________________

d) gbtso ___________________________________________________

e) i e+place ________________________________________________

f) tte _______________________________________________________

Grammar notes

i

Review interrogative terms nenie, fika, gakame* Nenie woo na ua? How much is the tariff?* Fika uoea le? where is the car station ?*Gakame miadzo ? when/what time are we leaving?

ii. Review present progessive

Mele keke ku (m) Im riding bicycleMeleuoe yi(m) Im going to the station

iii. Future tense

To have the future tense you change the e in the subject pronoun into a whereasthe verb remainsunchanged.

Ma Mayi suku. I will go to school o u. You will take a vehiclea Ale u. He will buy a carMia Miai e fiya. Well get down hereMa Mai e fiya. Youll get down hereWoa Woadzo ets

. Theyll leave tomorrow

Exercises

1) Answer these questions:

a) Gakame mia dzo?______________________________________________


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b) Gakame (n)a ku keke?

______________________________________________

c) Gbekagbe miadzo le Adeta?

______________________________________________

d) Drevakae ayi Lome ets?

_______________________________________________

e) (A)fika miayi ksiagbe?

_______________________________________________

f) Dka awetsdime hafi ava suku?

_______________________________________________

1) Read the dialogue and answer the questions

Bob goes to the station in Tomegbe

Dreva: Woezloo!

Bob: Yoo, mee kukuukawoe le Lome yim?Dreva: Woawoe ya. Ele yi a?

Bob: , nenie nyeuoga ?

Dreva: Kotoku eka kple af. Yi xtike na vaBob: Gakame ua adzo

Dreva: Fifia

Bob: Enyo, gaoo nene miawle mdzi?

Dreva: Gaooet

Bob: Dreva, midzoe

Dreva: Nte vie, ekptameeka

Notes

Woawoe ya here they areTike ticket

Ameeka kpt there is one person left

Questions:

a) Fika yi Bob le?b) Nenie nye udoga?

c) Gaoonenie woa wle dzi?


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d) Gakame ua adzo

2) Translate into Ewe the following sentences

a) Which vehicle is going to Atakpame?

_________________________________________________

b) Im going to Heheatro._________________________________________________

c) I will go to Batume tomorrow morning________________________________________________

d) My father will take the plane to Senegal________________________________________________

e) We will take the canoe to Togoville_______________________________________________

f)I will bike to Bodze tomorrow?_______________________________________________

g) Where will you go tomorrow?_______________________________________________

h) How long will we be traveling?

_______________________________________________

Situation

You want to go Badou. Try to find the right vehicle at the station, ask for the tariff,duration

TDA

Go to the station in Adeta. Get information about these tariffs:

AdetaDanyi

AdetaNotseAdetaAtakpameAdetaBodze

Ask about vehicles and travel conditions. Come back to class with the information.


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Lesson 10

Talk about ones state of health

Objectives:


a) Name different parts of the human bodyb) Talk about their state of health or ask for someones state of health c) Use the direct complement personal pronounsd) Discuss Togolese ideas and behaviors regarding sickness


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Dialogue

Tanya meets Aku on her way to her friends house.

Tanya: Dadavi Aku, ef a?

Aku: , mef . Fika yi ele?Tanya: Meyi xl nye gb, woya e?

Aku: Meyi fiaseme male atike

Tanya: Oh, nukua ele ww?

Aku: Mele dle, eta le vem eye dme h le dum

Tanya: Woele kpe(m)

Aku: Yoo, akpe

Dialogue in English

Tanya: Young lady Aku, how are you?Aku: Im fine, where are you going?Tanya: Im going to my riends house, and you?Aku: Im going to buy medicine in the storeTanya: Oh, what wrong with you?Aku: Im sick, my head and my stomach hurtTanya: Im sorry for youAku: Ok, thank you

Cultural notes

People are not direct in saying whats wrong. They wil l f ir st say everyth ing is

ok before they mention any sickness or sad new

Sickness is seen like a pun ishment from God or ancestors or caused by sorcery

People wil l not necessary go to the hospital or to a health center when they are

sick, but they wil l try dif ferent tr eatments by themselves with medicine or

traditional infusions

People beli eve a lot in tradi tional healers


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Vocabulary

Human body

(E)ta Head

dme Stomachku Eye

Au Tooth

Nume Mouth

(E)to Ear

ti Nose

Af Foot

Eno Breast

Ali Waist

(E)veme Throat

Akta ChestDzime Back

Verbs

Ve/u To hurt/ache

Yi kdzi To go to hospital

Do abiui To have a shot

No atike To take medicine

le atike To buy medicine

le d To get sickSra dme To have diarrhea

Kpe(e)kpe To cough

Expressions

Nuka ele wwo(m)? whatswrong with you? Dme le unyem/ dme le um my stomach aches Eta le vem/um I have headaches ku le Esi ve. Esi has eye infection Tome le vem I have ear infection Me le (yi) kodzi yi(m) Im going to hospital Male atike Im going to buy/I will buy a medecine Vevesese pain Avlkui worms Avlkui le fu e(m) nam I have worms Abi le dme na evia the kid has stomach infection Mele atike nom Im taking a medecine kita do abui nam the doctor/nurse give me a shot


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Mele ekpe kpe(m)/ekpe om Im coughing Atiketsi malaria Atiketsi le lem/atiketsi le fu e nam I have malaria Dmesasra diarrhea Sida dlele/ikanaku AIDS Vuv cold

Exercise

Make sentences with these verbs by using u or ve

Au

Eta

Dme

(E)tome

Al

ku


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Grammar notes

i. The complement personal pronouns. They are:

Eta le venye(m) my head achesEta le ve

wo

(m) your head aches

Dme le eu(m) her/his stomach achesAu l

emia

ve(m) our teeth hurtsAu le mave(m) your teeth hurtsAu le wove(m) their teeth hurts

Note: People also say: eta le vem instead of eta le venyem.

Exercises

Translate into Ewe :

a) Whats wrong with you?

b) I have stomachaches.

c) My head aches.

d) The kids are coughing.

e) He is going to the traditional healer.

f) You have malaria.

TDA

Talk with Mister X, ask him the common diseases in the area and their treatment.


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Lesson 11

Express ones sympathy in a happy or sad event

Objectives:


1) Talk about the culturally accepted behavior during a happy or sad event2) Use correct words and expressions to express ones sympathy in those events.


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Dialogue

Ami: Oh, Yawa, nye me ga kpw kpo!Yawa: , (e)tnye va ku ta meyi vawKsia eka le ae.Ami: Aoo, nye me se o, baba nawo sea!

Yawa: Yoo, akpe.Ami: Mawu utawesiae!Yawa: Yoo, enyo, miadogo.

Dialogue in English

Ami: Oh, Yawa, I havent seen you for a long time!Yawa: Yes. My father died and I spent a week in my village.Ami: Oh! I didnt hear that, Im sorry for youYawa: Ok, thank you.Ami: God will take care of every thing!Yawa: Ok, well, see you.

Cultural notes

Its very important to express ones sympathy to a fr iend, a coll egue, your

neighbor during a sad event (sickness, accident, death) by visiting or making

a symboli c gif t of money, food or anything else depending on your relationship.

You do the same for happy events and you congratul ate.

Fail ing to give a moral support (especiall y to pay a simple visit) would make

people think that you have no r egard toward people or you are not in terested in

the community in which you are living.

Proverb: Amelame ye dze na ame yome (He who loves you will turn up at the right time.)


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b) Dlele

c) Afkunya

d) Frixx

e) Vidzidzi

f) Ekunya

Grammar notes:

The emphatic form of the subject pronouns:When emphasized or occuring in the middle of a sentence the subject pronouns become:

Me nye I

w, we you

, y he/she/it

Mi mie, mia, miawoe weM me, ma, mawoe you

Wo woe, woawoe they

Example:miedo baba na Komla we offered condolences to KomlaWoawoe do leme they are lucky

Exercises:

Translate into Ewe:

a) I congratulate my friend.

b) We give condolences to Yawa


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c) You (plural) are lucky

d) It will be fine/better

e) Congratulations to you young lady.


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Lesson 12

Ask for help in an emergency case

Objectives:


1) Use appropriate words and expressions to ask for help in an emergency case2) Use complement pronouns3) Discuss the safety and security support system in their community


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Dialogue

Duri ng a travel, A tsu a Togolese young man tr ies to harass Elinore and she reacts.

Atsu: Dadavi, ef a?

Elinore: , mefAtsu: Mee kuku, kwo e?

Elinore : knye enye Elinore.(Atsu comes closer to Elinore)

Atsu: Elinore, nuwo dzdzi nam ut, maewo.

Elinore: Ao, nye me di o, kpnyuie!(Atsu r eaching for her)

Elinore: asim, megawo, bu okuiwo vie

Atsu: Yoo, mesee, ev.

Dialogue in English

Atsu: Young lady, how are you?Elinore: I m fine.Atsu: Please whats your name?Elinore: My name is Elinore.

(Atsu comes closer to Elinore)Atsu: Im interested in you, I want to marry you.Elinore: No, I dont like that. Be carefulElinore: Leave me alone, dont do it, respect yourselfAtsu: Ok, I understood. Its over now.

Cul tur al notes

Soli dari ty between people in the community i s very strong, so you just call out i f

you need others help.

I n towns or big cities people are more individualistic, and may be more reluctant

to offer help.

Guess ing g ame:zevitukui a nu du u(just a cry; it is used to gather people for help.)


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Vocabulary:

Theft:

Boboboe! alarming cry in an emergency case

Fiafi/fiafi loo! Oh thief! Milee loo! catch him! Milee nam catch him for me!

Fire

Boboboe! alarming cry in an emergency case Edzo dze ae nam loo! my house is on fire Miva xnam loo come help me! Meku loo/Me dloo Im dead

Harassment/Attack

Nukae dz whats that? asim mavo/gonam leave me alone Nye me dina numa o I dont like that Kpnyuie/kpnyuie be careful Megawnam o dont do that to me. Bu okuiwo respect yourself. Bu le gbnye get away from me

Mile avua! take care of your dog/control/watchyour dog Eda! Eda! miva wui nam loo snake, snake, come help me kill it

Sickness

Lame me le kmam o Im not doing well Meo la yi Lome I have to go to Lome Mee kuku midi u nam please find a vehicle for me Mee kuku miyAfi nam please, call me Afi Mayi xlnye gbmava I will visit my friend and Ill be back Nye ma gbegbe o I wont be back today Magbdzoagbe I will be back on Monday

To propose help

Makpe e utiwo a? may I help you? Madrowo a? may I help you take your load off? Nuka mateu wna wo? What can I do for you?


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Madi u na wo a?/F will I find a vehicle for you?/please yes Ao, akpe no thanks , adzdzi nam. yes, I will like that.

Exercises

If you were in these situations what would you say?

a) Dzobiafe(fire in your house)

b) Fififi(theft)

c) Nuodoneame(harassement)

d) Dlele (sickness)

Grammar notes

Complement pronouns

asim

leave me aloneMadiunawo I will find a vehicle for youMiakpeeeuti lets help himMivaxnami come help usEx na m he helps youExna w he helps them

Note that the complement pronouns when they are preceded by na mean to

E fle ttsi nam He bought a flashlight to me.Ele ttsi na Afi He bought a flashlight to Afi.Ele ttsi n He bought a flashlight to her

N to her/tohim

Exercises:

1) Answer the following questions in affirmative:

a) Ma na w a ? nam

b) Madro w a?

c) Mafiaw a?

d) Mawui na w a?


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e) Mawna wo a?

f) May na wa?

Y = to callDro = to take a load on/take a load off

2) A: ask questions to have answers from B:

Koku be nuka?or Jen be nuka?

1Koku be :

-

--

-

2Nancy be:

-asim

- Kpnyuie- Bu okuiwo

- Megawe nam o.

3Maria be:

- Mdi u nam

- Lme me le kkm nam o.

- Mi kplm yi kdzi

- YKmi nam

4Jen be:

-

-

-

-

B: Ask questions to have answers from A:

Maria be orNancy be

1Koku be:

Milee loo!

Fiafi loo!

Mile go!

Boboboe!

2Nancy be:--

--

Maria be:----

Jen be:

- Meku loo!

- Me dloo!

- Mi va xnam loo !

- Boboboe !


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3) Which words or expressions would you use in these situations:

Sickness

AttackSituation:

a) You go to a bar and you see somebody who tries to take your bike. React.

b) You are at your post, you are not doing very well and you cannot walk.What would you do?

What would you tell your homologue when he visits you?

TDA:a) Go to a trainer or someboby in the

Ewe Course 2010

Documents

Transcript of Ewe Course 2010