Enterprize Resource Planning

8/13/2019 Enterprize Resource Planning

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Introduction OF


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In the computer industry, an enterprise isan organization that uses computers. Aword was needed that would encompasscorporations, small businesses, non-profitinstitutions, government bodies, andpossibly other kinds of organizations. Theterm enterpriseseemed to do the job. Inpractice, the term is applied much moreoften to larger organizations than smallerones.

Is a business organization. In the computer

industry, the term is often used to describeany large organization that utilizescomputers. An intranet, for example, is agoodexample of an enterprisecomputing system.

Enterprise
http://www.webopedia.com/TERM/I/intranet.htmlhttp://www.webopedia.com/TERM/I/intranet.html


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Types Of Enterprise

Micro EnterpriseThis is an enterprise whichhas fewer than10 employees; andhas either an annualturnover not exceeding2 million or an

annual balance sheet not exceeding2million.

Small EnterpriseThis is an enterprise which has fewer than50 employees; and has either an annualturnover not exceeding10 million or anannual balance sheet not exceeding10million.


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Intermediate Enterprise

This is an enterprise which has less than 750employees; or has an annual turnover of less

than200 million.

Macro/Large Enterprise

This is an enterprise which has more than

750 employees; or has an annual turnover of

more than200 million.

Medium EnterpriseThis is an enterprise which has fewer than250 employees; and has either an annual

turnover not exceeding50 million or anannual balance sheet not exceeding43million.


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Application

The action of putting something intooperation

The act of putting to a special use orpurpose

Application software, also known assoftware application, application orapp, is computer software designed tohelp the user to perform a singular or

multiple related specific tasks. Typicalexamples are word processors,spreadsheets, media players anddatabase applications.


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Development

a process in which something passesby degrees to a different stage(especially to a more advanced or

mature stage) act of improving by expanding or

enlarging or refining

Development is a catch-all term for

the entire process of creatingsoftware, from specifying therequirement all the way through totesting and user acceptance.


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Enterprise Application

Enterprise software, also known as enterpriseapplication software (EAS), is softwareintended to solve an enterprise problem (ratherthan a departmental problem) and oftenwritten using an Enterprise Software

Architecture. ... Enterprise software, also known as enterpriseapplication software (EAS), is software that issold to an enterprise. An enterprise here refersto an organization, such as a business orgovernment organization.

The enterprise software is a collection ofcomputer programs with common businessapplications, tools for modeling how the entireorganization works, and development tools for

building applications unique to the

organization


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Enterprise Application

Development

The process of Developing a

software/application

intended to solve anenterprise problem.

The process of Developing

Enterprise Application iswhat Enterprise Application

Development is.


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INTRODUCTION

Many people are found confused aboutwhat exactly is .NET. Well, the

Microsoft .Net is a new internet

technology or rather strategy introduced

by Microsoft. .Net was originally knownas the NGWS (Next Generation

Windows Services i.e. an Internet based

platform of Next Generation Windows

Services). Before the official

announcement of .Net, NGWS was the

term used to describe the above phrase.


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According to Steve Ballmer who quoted

in January 2000,Delivering an Internet-

based platform of (NWGS) is the top

priority of our company. The breakthroughswere talking about here include changes to

programming model, to the user interface,

to the application integration model, the file

system, new XML schema.. Some people even considered

Microsoft .Net as a new operating system;which is not the case. Microsoft .Net is net

Web and Internet Strategy introduced byMicrosoft. .Net introduces improvedprogramming models and provide new andbetter Web based infrastructure to designapplication.


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One of the key facts about .Net isthat it delivers software as web servicesand the framework provided byMicrosoft .Net is for universal services.Another important fact about .Net thatyou should always remember is that it

can run on any browser and on anyplatform. Microsoft .Net is purely basedon new web standards and is based on anew model; server centric computing

model. The Microsofts .Net is based onthe new web/internet standards. Hereare some of the main web standards onwhich .Net is based:


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SOAP: defines the standard format to be

used when requesting any Web Service.

HTTP: the classic standard that defines

the communication protocol between

various Internet Applications regardless of

their platform.

XML: defines the format to be used for

exchanging data between various Internet

applications

UDDI: is a standard on which .Net isbased in order to discover & searchvarious Web Services. Remember that

in Microsofts .Net terminology,Software is called as web services.


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One of the most important terms that you willcome across after .Net is the .Net Framework.The .Net Framework, by definition, is the

infrastructure for Microsoft .Net Platform. The.Net Framework provides a unique environmenthat can be used for developing, deploying andexecuting various Web Services independentof the platform.

One thing to remember here about .NetFramework is that it contains various commonlibraries like ASP.NET etc and it also containsvarious Windows Forms. The .Net Framework

supports C++, Visual Basic, Jscript, COBOL,Perl, C#, Python, Smalltalk and various otherlanguages. All of these languages are used inthe development of various platformindependent .Net Applications.


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The first step is to get the VisualStudio.Net that will provide us a perfectdevelopment environment, by working on

Visual Studio.NET, we are actually handlingdifferent developing languages at the sametime.

.NET started as a classic Microsoft FUD

operation. In the late 1990s, Microsoft hadjust successfully fought off a frontal assaulton its market dominance by killing the

Netscape Web browser with its free InternetExplorer. But Microsoft was facing a host of

new challenges, including serious problemswith C++, DLL hell, the Web as a platform,security, and strong competition from Java,which was emerging as the go-to languagefor Web development.


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Microsoft started building .NET in the late 90s under

the name Next Generation Windows Services

(NGWS). Bill Gates described .NETas Microsofts

answer to the Phase 3 Internet environment, Instead

of a world where Internet users are limited to readinginformation, largely one screen at a time, the Phase 3

Internet will unite multiple Web sites running on any

device, and allow users to read, write and annotate

them via speech, handwriting recognition and thelike, Gates said. We are certainly approaching that

vision.

Microsoft announced .NET to the worldin June 2000

and released version 1.0 of the .NET framework inJanuary 2002. Out of that grand FUD campaign

emerged the very capable and useful .NET

development environment and framework for both

the Web and Windows desktop.
http://news.zdnet.com/2100-9595_22-521275.htmlhttp://www.microsoft.com/presspass/press/2000/Jun00/ForumUmbrellaPR.mspxhttp://www.microsoft.com/presspass/press/2000/Jun00/ForumUmbrellaPR.mspxhttp://news.zdnet.com/2100-9595_22-521275.html


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What is .NET

Microsoft .NET (pronounceddot net) is a software componentthat runs on the Windows operatingsystem. .NET provides tools andlibraries that enable developers to

create Windows software muchfaster and easier.

.NET benefits end-users byproviding applications of highercapability, quality and security.


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This is how Microsoft describes it:

.NET is the Microsoft

Web services strategy to connectinformation, people, systems, and devicesthrough software. Integrated across theMicrosoft platform, .NET technologyprovides the ability to quickly build,

deploy, manage, and use connected,security-enhanced solutions with Webservices. .NET-connected solutions enablebusinesses to integrate their systems morerapidly and in a more agile manner and

help them realize the promise ofinformation anytime, anywhere, on anydevice.


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.Net Framework

A set of technology for developingand using component tocreate:

Web form

Web applications

Web services

Support software lifecycle:

Development

Debugging

Deployment

Maintenance


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The Microsoft .NET Frameworkis a softwareframeworkthat can be installed on computers runningMicrosoft Windowsoperating systems. It includes alarge libraryof coded solutions to common

programming problems and a virtual machinethatmanages the execution of programs writtenspecifically for the framework.

The .NET Framework supports multipleprogramming languagesin a manner that allows

language interoperability, whereby each language canutilize code written in other languages; in particular,the .NET library is available to all the programminglanguages that .NET encompasses (Support).

The .NET Framework is a Microsoftofferingand is intended to be used by most new applicationscreated for the Windows platform. In order to be ableto develop and not just run applications for theMicrosoft .NET Framework, it is required to haveMicrosoft's .NET Framework (or newer) and VisualStudio installed on your computer.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Software_frameworkhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Software_frameworkhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Microsoft_Windowshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Operating_systemhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Library_(computing)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Virtual_machinehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Programming_languageshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Microsofthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Microsofthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Programming_languageshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Virtual_machinehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Library_(computing)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Operating_systemhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Microsoft_Windowshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Software_frameworkhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Software_framework


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.NET architecture?

Microsoft .NET consists of four

major components:

Common Language Specification

(CLS)Green in the diagram. Framework Class Library (FCL)

red

Common Language Runtime(CLR)yellow

.NET Toolscream (extreme

right)


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At the base of the diagram in gray is the operating system, which technically canbe any platform but typically is Microsoft Windows 2000 or greater.


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Common LanguageSpecification (CLS)

The CLS is a common platform that integratescode and components from multiple .NET

programming languages. In other words, a .NETapplication can be written in multiple

programming languages with no extra work by thedeveloper (though converting code betweenlanguages can be tricky).

.NET includes new object-oriented programminglanguages such as C#, Visual Basic .NET, J#(aJava clone) and Managed C++. These languages,

plus other experimental languages like F#, allcompile to the Common Language Specificationand can work together in the same application

Framework Class Library
http://msdn.microsoft.com/vcsharp/http://msdn.microsoft.com/vbasic/http://msdn.microsoft.com/vjsharp/http://www.ondotnet.com/pub/a/dotnet/2003/01/13/intromcpp.htmlhttp://research.microsoft.com/fsharp/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:Overview_of_the_Common_Language_Infrastructure.pnghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:Overview_of_the_Common_Language_Infrastructure.pnghttp://research.microsoft.com/fsharp/http://www.ondotnet.com/pub/a/dotnet/2003/01/13/intromcpp.htmlhttp://msdn.microsoft.com/vjsharp/http://msdn.microsoft.com/vbasic/http://msdn.microsoft.com/vcsharp/


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Framework Class Library(FCL)

The FCL is a collection of over 7000classes and data types that enable .NETapplications to read and write files, accessdatabases, process XML, display agraphical user interface, draw graphics, use

Web services, etc. The FCL wraps much ofthe massive, complex Win32 API intomore simple .NET objects that can be used

by C# and other .NET programming

languages.

The framework's class library and the CLRtogether constitute the .NET Framework.


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Common Language

Runtime (CLR)

Programs written for the .NET Frameworkexecute in a softwareenvironment that

manages the program's runtime requirements.

Also part of the .NET Framework, this runtime

environment is known as the Common

Language Runtime(CLR).The CLR provides the appearance of an

application virtual machineso that

programmers need not consider the capabilities

of the specific CPUthat will execute theprogram.

The CLR also provides other important

services such as security, memory

management, and exception handling.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Softwarehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Common_Language_Runtimehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Common_Language_Runtimehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Virtual_machinehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Central_Processing_Unithttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Memory_managementhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Memory_managementhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Exception_handlinghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Exception_handlinghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Memory_managementhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Memory_managementhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Central_Processing_Unithttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Virtual_machinehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Common_Language_Runtimehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Common_Language_Runtimehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Software


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The CLR is the execution engine for .NET

applications and serves as the interface

between .NET applications and the

operating system. The CLR provides manyservices such as:

1. Loads and executes code

2. Converts intermediate language to native

machine code

3. Separates processes and memory

4. Manages memory and objects

5. Enforces code and access security

6. Handles exceptions

7. Interfaces between managed code, objects,and DLLs

8. Provides type-checking

9. Provides code meta data (Reflection)

10. Provides profiling, debugging, etc.


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.NET Tools

Visual Studio .NETis Microsofts flagship tool for

developing Windows software. Visual Studio

provides an integrated development environment

(IDE) for developers to create standalone

Windows applications, interactive Web sites, Webapplications, and Web services running on any

platform that supports .NET.

In addition, there are many .NET Frameworktoolsdesigned to help developers create,

configure, deploy, manage and secure .NET

applications and components.
http://msdn2.microsoft.com/en-us/vstudio/default.aspxhttp://msdn2.microsoft.com/en-us/library/d9kh6s92.aspxhttp://msdn2.microsoft.com/en-us/library/d9kh6s92.aspxhttp://msdn2.microsoft.com/en-us/library/d9kh6s92.aspxhttp://msdn2.microsoft.com/en-us/library/d9kh6s92.aspxhttp://msdn2.microsoft.com/en-us/vstudio/default.aspx


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Principal Features

*Interoperability

Because computer systems commonly requireinteraction between new and older applications,

the .NET Framework provides means to access

functionality that is implemented in programs

that execute outside the .NET environment.

*C R ti E i


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*Common Runtime EngineThe Common Language Runtime(CLR) is the

virtual machine component of the .NET Framework.

All .NET programs execute under the supervision of

the CLR, guaranteeing certain properties and

behaviors in the areas of memory management,

security, and exception handling.

*Language IndependenceThe .NET Framework introduces a Common Type

System, or CTS. The CTS specificationdefines all

possible datatypesand programmingconstructs

supported by the CLR and how they may or may not

interact with each other conforming to the Common

Language Infrastructure(CLI) specification. Because of

this feature, the .NET Framework supports the

exchange of types and object instances between

libraries and applications written using any conforming

.NET language.

*Base Class Library
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Common_Language_Runtimehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Common_Type_Systemhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Common_Type_Systemhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Specificationhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Datatypeshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Programminghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Common_Language_Infrastructurehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Common_Language_Infrastructurehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_CLI_languageshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_CLI_languageshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Common_Language_Infrastructurehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Common_Language_Infrastructurehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Programminghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Datatypeshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Specificationhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Common_Type_Systemhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Common_Type_Systemhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Common_Language_Runtime


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*Base Class Library

The Base Class Library(BCL), part of the

Framework Class Library (FCL), is a library of

functionality available to all languages using the.NET Framework. The BCL provides classeswhich

encapsulate a number of common functions,

including filereading and writing, graphic rendering,

databaseinteraction, XMLdocument manipulation

and so on.

*Simplified Deployment

The .NET Framework includes design features and

tools that help manage the installationof computer

software to ensure that it does not interfere with

previously installed software, and that it conforms to

security requirements.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Base_Class_Libraryhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Class_(computer_science)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Computer_filehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rendering_(computer_graphics)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Databasehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/XMLhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Installation_(computer_programs)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Installation_(computer_programs)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/XMLhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Databasehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rendering_(computer_graphics)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Computer_filehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Class_(computer_science)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Base_Class_Library


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*Security

The design is meant to address some of the

vulnerabilities, such as buffer overflows, that

have been exploited by malicious software.

Additionally, .NET provides a common

security model for all applications.

*Portability

The design of the .NET Framework allows it to

theoretically be platform agnostic, and thus cross-platformcompatible. That is, a program written to use

the framework should run without change on any type

of system for which the framework is implemented.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Buffer_overflowhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cross-platformhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cross-platformhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cross-platformhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cross-platformhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cross-platformhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Buffer_overflow


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While Microsoft has never implemented the full

framework on any system except Microsoft Windows,the framework is engineered to be platform agnostic,

and cross-platform implementations are available for

other operating systems. Microsoft submitted the

specifications for the Common Language Infrastructure

(which includes the core class libraries, Common TypeSystem, and the Common Intermediate Language),

the C#language, and the C++/CLI language to both

ECMAand the ISO, making them available as open

standards. This makes it possible for third parties to

create compatible implementations of the framework

and its languages on other platforms.

B fi f NET
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Common_Language_Infrastructurehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Common_Type_Systemhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Common_Type_Systemhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Common_Intermediate_Languagehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/C_Sharp_(programming_language)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ecma_Internationalhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/International_Organization_for_Standardizationhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/International_Organization_for_Standardizationhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ecma_Internationalhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/C_Sharp_(programming_language)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Common_Intermediate_Languagehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Common_Type_Systemhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Common_Type_Systemhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Common_Language_Infrastructure


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Benefits of .NET

What are the benefits of .NET?

.NET provides the best platform available

today for delivering Windows software. .NET

helps make software better, faster, cheaper, and

more secure.

.NET is not the only solution for developingWeb softwareJava on Linux is a serious

alternative. But on the Windows desktop, .NET

rules.

For developers, .NET provides an integrated

set of tools for building Web software andservices and Windows desktop applications.

.NET supports multiple programming languages

and Service Oriented Architectures (SOA).


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For companies, .NET provides a stable,

scalable and secure environment for software

development. .NET can lower costs by

speeding development and connectingsystems, increase sales by giving employees

access to the tools and information they need,

and connect your business to customers,

suppliers and partners.

For end-users, .NET results in software thats

more reliable and secure and works on

multiple devices including laptops,

Smartphone's and Pocket PCs.

U f l I f ti


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Useful InformationConsole Applicationsare light weight programs runinside the command prompt (DOS) window. They are

commonly used for test applications.Windows Applicationsare form based standardWindows desktop applications for common day to day

tasks. Microsoft word is an example of a Windows

application.

Web Applicationsare programs that used to runinside some web server (e.g., IIS) to fulfill the userrequests over the http. A typical example of web

application is Hotmail and Google.

Web Servicesare web applications that provide

services to other applications over the internet. Googlesearch engines web service, e.g., allows other

applications to delegate the task of searching over the

internet to Google web service and use the result

produced by it in their own applications.


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Desktop Application runs on personal

computers and work stations, so when you test

the desktop application you are focusing on a

specific environment. You will test completeapplication broadly in categories like GUI,

functionality, Load, and backend i.e DB.

In Client Server Application you have two

different components to test. Application is loadedon server machine while the application exe on

every client machine. You will test broadly in

categories like, GUI on both sides, functionality,

Load, client-server interaction, backend. Thisenvironment is mostly used in Intranet networks.

You are aware of number of clients and servers

and their locations in the test scenario.

Web application is a bit different and complex


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Web application is a bit different and complex

to test as tester dont have that much control over

the application. Application is loaded on the

server whose location may or may not be known

and no exe is installed on the client machine, youhave to test it on different web browsers. Web

applications are supposed to be tested on

different browsers and OS platforms so broadly

Web application is tested mainly for browsercompatibility and operating system compatibility,

error handling, static pages, backend testing and

load testing.

Each one differs in the environment in which

they are tested and you will lose control over theenvironment in which application you are testing,

while you move from desktop to web

applications.


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