Energy Efficient Motors 2

7/28/2019 Energy Efficient Motors 2

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Content

1. Introduction

2. Making a difference

3. Operation

4. Energy pyramid5. Trend in appliance motors

6. Machinery manufacturing industry data

7. Motor efficiency :8. How much energy consume


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Making a Difference Along with saving money, energy efficient

appliances and motors save the plant

The energy used to run a product can be cut up to

80% There is a large potential to make a difference

because all appliances energy usage can be cut

Fridges, washers, dryers, cars

Light bulbs, anything that plugsInto an outlet.


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Operation You can apply new ways to your old appliances to make

them more energy efficient

Keep air filters clean, vents clean, and baseboards clean

Get a furnace tune up

Defrost your refrigerator so ice doesnt build up on the

coils

Turn off appliance when they are not being used Un-plug appliances


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Operation


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Motor-driven equipment accounts for 64 percent of

the electricity consumed in the U.S. industrial sector.

Within the nation's most energy-intensive industries

motor systems consume approximately 290 billionkWh per year.


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o or c ency: onver ngElectricity into Mechanical

Motion The energy efficiency of motors depends on the type of motor.

Some are built to be more energy efficient while others are not. Itmay be wise to invest in motors with higher efficiencies than whatis required, even if they are a bit more expensive. Energy efficient

motors reduce the amount of lost energy going into heat rather thanpower by using steel with better magnetic qualities, bigger diameterwire, and better bearings. Since less heat is generated, less energy isneeded to cool the motor with a fanfurther improving energyefficiency.


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How Much Energy They Consume

as Compared to Purchase Price Over a typical ten-year operating life, a motor operating most of

the time can easily consume electricity valued at more than 50times the motors initial purchase price. This means that when youspend $1,600 to purchase a motor that operates continually, youmay be obligating yourself to spend more than $80,000 on

electricity. Another example is that even at the relatively low energy rate of

$0.04/kWh, a typical 20-horsepower (hp) continuously runningmotor uses almost $6,000 worth of electricity annually, about sixtimes its initial purchase price.


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Savings by Use of Efficient

Motors Over half of all electrical energy consumed in the United

States is used by electric motors. Improving the efficiency ofelectric motors and the equipment they drive can save energy,reduce operating costs, and improve our nations productivity.

The potential savings in system improvement opportunitiesare very large - over 100 billion kwh/year energy savings and$3 billion (U.S.) annual energy cost savings opportunity withexisting and new technology by 2010.


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Saving Con.Annual Value of a One-Point EfficiencyGain

(Based on $0.04/kWh, 8000 Hours of Use,

Full Load)

Horsepower Annual Savings

5 $17

10 $32

20 $61

50 $142100 $278

200 $537


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Savings Con.


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Technological Obstacles There is an impending shortage of many rare raw materials

used in the manufacture of hybrid and electric cars.

For example, the rare earth element dysprosium is required to

make many of the advanced electric motors used in hybridcars.

However, over 95% of the world's rare earth elements aremined in China, and domestic Chinese consumption isexpected to consume China's entire supply by 2012.


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Political/Economic Obstacles Motors must meet certain federal laws for them to be produced. Most

general-purpose motors sold after October 1997 must meet the NEMA

(National Electrical Manufacturers Association) definition, according to

federal law.

The following are major design and manufacturing standards covering

electric motors:

International Electrotechnical Commission: IEC 60034 Rotating Electrical

Machines

National Electrical Manufacturers Association (USA): NEMA MG 1 Motorsand Generators

Underwriters Labratories (USA): UL 1004 - Standard for Electric Motors


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Political/Economic Obstacles

Con. On December 19, 2007, President George W. Bush signed into law the

Energy Independence and Security Act of 2007.

Similar to its predecessors, the Energy Policy Act of 1992, and the EnergyPolicy Act of 2005, and related pieces of legislation dating back to the

1970s, the 2007 Act aims to restructure and reduce, or at least slow the rateof growth in Americas energy consumption.

Perhaps more importantly for motor users the 2007 version increases themandated efficiency of electric motors in commercial and industrialapplications, and expands the range of motors that in question. The 2007Act takes effect on December 19, 2010.

NEMA Premium will become the minimum efficiency standard for manymotors in 2010, making the U.S. standards the highest in the world.


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Negative Environmental

Impacts Appliances have to get energy from somewhere, and the energy comes

from power plants. These power plants are one main source of air andwater pollution. They also release radioactive materials into theatmosphere.

Used appliances also produce electronic waste, which are discarded,surplus, obsolete, or broken electrical or electronic devices.

The processing of electronic waste in developing countries causes serioushealth and pollution problems because electronic equipment contains somevery serious contaminants such as lead, cadmium, beryllium, mercury, and

brominated flame retardants.

Even in developed countries recycling and disposal of e-waste involvessignificant risk to workers and communities and great care must be takento avoid unsafe exposure in recycling operations and leaching of materialsuch as heavy metals from landfills and incinerator ashes.


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Phantom Loads The phantom load is the electricity consumed by a device when it isturned off.

For example, your television consumes electricity as it waits foryou to hit the on button on your remote. Your clock uses upenergy 24/7 to keep track of time.

Devices that have a phantom load are sometimes called vampires.These devices have a hidden energy cost that most people are nevereven aware of.

Nationally, phantom loads make up about six percent of our energyconsumption. This translates into billions of dollars spent andcountless amounts of pollution emitted into our air.


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How to Deal with Phantom

Loads Unplug all devices when not in use.

Alternatively, plug your devices into a power strip and

turn the strip off when you go to sleep.

Be careful when using cube shaped transformers that plug

into the wall. They are 60-80% inefficient when plugged

in, so it is especially important that these are on power

strips.http://www.howstuffworks.com/inside-

transformer.htm/printable


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Improvements Increasing the thickness of the copper wires wound around the core of the

motor. This reduces both the electrical resistance losses in the wires andthe temperature at which the motor operates.

Using more and thinner high-quality steel sheets for the main fixed and

rotating parts of the motor. This also minimizes electrical losses. Narrowing the air gapbetween the spinning and stationary motor

components, increasing the strength of its magnetic field. This lets themotor deliver the same output using less power.


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Energy Efficient Motors 2

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