EFFECT OF ORGANIC AND INORGANIC EFFECT OF ORGANIC AND INORGANIC FERTILIZATION ON YIELD AND C(ORG) CONTENT FERTILIZATION ON YIELD AND C(ORG) CONTENT

OF SOIL IN LONG-TERM FIELD EXPERIMENTSOF SOIL IN LONG-TERM FIELD EXPERIMENTS

Tamás KismányokyTamás Kismányoky

University of Veszprém Georgikon Faculty of AgricultureUniversity of Veszprém Georgikon Faculty of AgricultureFestetics Str. 7., H-8360 KeszthelyFestetics Str. 7., H-8360 Keszthely

E-mail: kis5556@ella.huE-mail: kis5556@ella.hu

IntroductionIntroduction

In the frame of the Internationalen Arbeitsgemeinschaft für In the frame of the Internationalen Arbeitsgemeinschaft für Bodenfruchtbarkeit under Prof. Dr. Drs. h.c. Boguslawski Bodenfruchtbarkeit under Prof. Dr. Drs. h.c. Boguslawski leadership the IOSDV network with participation of 10 European leadership the IOSDV network with participation of 10 European countrys were established in 1984.countrys were established in 1984.Most of the above mentioned field trials are carried out recently Most of the above mentioned field trials are carried out recently and hopefully in the future, too. and hopefully in the future, too. In Keszthely (Hungary) the initiation date of IOSDV was 1983 In Keszthely (Hungary) the initiation date of IOSDV was 1983 autumn, and the investigations are running now as well.autumn, and the investigations are running now as well.The recent publication wanted to give a short information about The recent publication wanted to give a short information about the main important results of the past 20 years. Till now 7 the main important results of the past 20 years. Till now 7 rotations of the three field rotation went through. At the rotations of the three field rotation went through. At the biometrical evaluation the first rotation (1984-1986) is left out biometrical evaluation the first rotation (1984-1986) is left out because of the accuracy and the last rotation (2002-2004) is because of the accuracy and the last rotation (2002-2004) is omitted than it is not evaluated now. In this material the omitted than it is not evaluated now. In this material the conclusions have been drawn from the 5 rotations results.conclusions have been drawn from the 5 rotations results.

MethodsMethods

The experimental site (univ. exp. station) is situated int he west part of Hungary at the Longit East 17o14’ Latit North 46o46’. The soil is Ramann-type brown forest soil (Eutric Cambisol) above 112 m see-level. Water table 3 m deep. This area has moderate rainfall and mild temperature copnditions. The amount of ranfall 683 mm/year, mean temperature is 10.5 oC (1901-2000).

Soil characteristicsVolume weight 1530 mg/cm3

Fractions < 0.2 µm 26.8%6.3-2.0 10.820-6.3 10.863-20 54.6

Corg 0.812 %Norg 0.08 %pH 7.1P 2.2 mg/100 grK 5.7 mg/100 grMg 9.0 mg/100 grCation exchange capacity 13.9 mval/100 gr.

Experimental design and treatments

Split-plots, 3 replicationsSize of plots 48 m2 (6x8)Factors: A nutrients (organic, inorganic)

a1 (I) NPKa2 (II) NPK+35 t/ha FYMa3 (III) NPK+straw+green manure+NB N fertilizers

N0 – N4 P2O5100, K2O100 in all treatments

Crop rotation: Maize-Winter Wheat-Winter Barley(M) – (WW) – (WB)

FYM plowed in maize (35 t/ha)Green manure (GM): Raphanus sativus var. Oleiformis

2nd crop sowing on barley stubbleStraw (stalk) incorporated into the soil (+1kg N/100 kg DM)

in the A III at every crops int he rotationFactor B: N fertilizer kg/ha

M WW WBN0 - - -N1 70 50 40N2 140 100 (50+50) 80N3 210 150 (50+50+50) 120 (80+40)N4 280 200 (100+50+50) 160 (80+40+40)

Wheat 1987-2001 (IOSDV)

0

1

2

3

4

5

6

N0 N50 N100 N150 N200

kg/ha

Gra

in D

.M t

/ha

I NPK II NPK+FYM III NPK+straw+green manure

Maize 1987-2001 (IOSDV)

0

2

4

6

8

10

N0 N70 N140 N210 N280

kg/ha

Gra

in D

.M t

/ha

I II IIINPK NPK+FYMNPK+straw+

green manure

Barley 1987-2001 (IOSDV)

0

1

2

3

4

5

6

N0 N40 N80 N120 N160

kg/ha

Gra

in D

.M t

/ha

I NPK II NPK+FYM III NPK+straw+green manure

Table 1 Corg g/kg 2003 Wheat

N0 N50 N100 N150 N200 Average

I 19.73 20.80 19.43 18.73 18.96 19.53

II 24.96 23.93 23.53 23.40 25.36 24.23

III 22.30 23.43 22.03 20.93 20.40 21.81ALSD5% 1.68 BLSD5% N.S

Table 2 Corg g/kg 2003 Maize

N0 N70 N140 N210 N280 Average

I 21.23 19.83 20.93 19.20 20.56 20.35

II 24.80 24.46 25.10 23.60 25.36 24.66

III 24.06 26.20 25.33 25.96 25.93 25.49

ALSD5% 0.93 BLSD5% N.S

Table 3 Corg g/kg 2003 Barley

N0 N40 N80 N120 N160 Average

I 16.76 18.63 18.80 17.90 17.26 17.87

II 19.86 21.70 23.03 22.83 22.53 21.99

III 16.93 17.40 19.46 20.03 19.00 18.56

ALSD5% 2.01 BLSD5% N.S

Table 4 N g/kg 2003 WheatTable 4 N g/kg 2003 Wheat

N0 N50 N100 N150 N200 Average

I 1.14 1.18 1.16 1.14 1.10 1.14

II 1.34 1.39 1.47 1.37 1.36 1.39

III 1.24 1.27 1.27 1.29 1.18 1.25

ALSD5% 0.062 BLSD5% N.S

Table 5 N g/kg 2003 Maize

N0 N70 N140 N210 N280 Average

I 1.19 1.11 1.32 1.13 1.10 1.17

II 1.36 1.30 1.36 1.31 1.28 1.32

III 1.25 1.34 1.29 1.32 1.35 1.31

ALSD5% 0.10 BLSD5% N.S

Table 6 N g/kg 2003 Barley

N0 N40 N80 N120 N160 Average

I 1.23 1.28 1.26 1.27 1.25 1.26

II 1.45 1.42 1.47 1.49 1.52 1.47

III 1.30 1.33 1.36 1.35 1.25 1.32

ALSD5% 0.071 BLSD5% N.S

Conclusion

The IOSDV field experiment testing mineral nitrogen fertilizer in combination with differnet forms of organic manure over period of 20 years (7 crop rotation cycles) has provided specific results concerning the interaction of the manures.Int he crop rotation the yield of winter-wheat in the average of years varied in 2-5.5 t/ha interval. With the organic manuring at the N0 plots yielded 1000 kg/ha grain more compare to the absolute N0 and have positive effect on yield at the lower N fertilizer level, as well. Depending ont he amount of N fertilizer the yield of maize were between 6-8 t/ha and the winter barley 2.8-4.8 t/ha. Int he crop rotation the FYM, straw and the green manure +N increased the yield significantly.The Corg and the Nt values int he soil were significantly influenced by the FYM and the other organic fertilizers.