Edu 144 ch 3 flashcards
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FLASH CARDS Chapter 3 EDU 144 Child Development I
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FLASH CARDSChapter 3
EDU 144Child Development I
A section of a chromosome and the basic unit for the transmission of heredity,
consisting of a string of chemicals that are instructions for the cell to manufacture
certain proteins.
A section of a chromosome and the basic unit for the transmission of heredity,
consisting of a string of chemicals that are instructions for the cell to manufacture
certain proteins.
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gene
A section of a chromosome and the basic unit for the transmission of heredity,
consisting of a string of chemicals that are instructions for the cell to manufacture certain proteins.
A section of a chromosome and the basic unit for the transmission of heredity,
consisting of a string of chemicals that are instructions for the cell to manufacture certain proteins.
Click for Term
A 23rd chromosome pair that consists of two X-shaped chromosomes, one each from the mother and the father. XX
zygotes become females.
A 23rd chromosome pair that consists of two X-shaped chromosomes, one each from the mother and the father. XX
zygotes become females.
Click for Term
XX
A 23rd chromosome pair that consists of two X-shaped chromosomes, one each from the mother and the father. XX
zygotes become females.
A 23rd chromosome pair that consists of two X-shaped chromosomes, one each from the mother and the father. XX
zygotes become females.
Click for Term
The molecule that contains the chemical instructions for cells to manufacture
various proteins.
The molecule that contains the chemical instructions for cells to manufacture
various proteins.
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Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA)
The molecule that contains the chemical instructions for cells to manufacture
various proteins.
The molecule that contains the chemical instructions for cells to manufacture
various proteins.
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The chromosome pair that, in humans, determines the zygote’s (and hence the
person’s) sex.
The chromosome pair that, in humans, determines the zygote’s (and hence the
person’s) sex.
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23rd pair
The chromosome pair that, in humans, determines the zygote’s (and hence the
person’s) sex.
The chromosome pair that, in humans, determines the zygote’s (and hence the
person’s) sex.
Click for Term
One of the 46 molecules of DNA (in 23 pairs) that each cell of the human body
contains and that, together, contain all the genes. Other species have more or fewer
molecules.
One of the 46 molecules of DNA (in 23 pairs) that each cell of the human body
contains and that, together, contain all the genes. Other species have more or fewer
molecules.
Click for Term
chromosomes
One of the 46 molecules of DNA (in 23 pairs) that each cell of the human body contains and that, together, contain all the genes. Other species have more or
fewer molecules.
One of the 46 molecules of DNA (in 23 pairs) that each cell of the human body contains and that, together, contain all the genes. Other species have more or
fewer molecules.
Click for Term
An international effort to map the complete human genetic code. The effort was essentially completed in 2001, though
analysis is ongoing.
An international effort to map the complete human genetic code. The effort was essentially completed in 2001, though
analysis is ongoing.
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Human Genome Project
An international effort to map the complete human genetic code. The
effort was essentially completed in 2001, though analysis is ongoing.
An international effort to map the complete human genetic code. The
effort was essentially completed in 2001, though analysis is ongoing.
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The single cell formed from the fusing of two gametes, a sperm and an ovum.
The single cell formed from the fusing of two gametes, a sperm and an ovum.
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zygote
The single cell formed from the fusing of two gametes, a sperm and an ovum.
The single cell formed from the fusing of two gametes, a sperm and an ovum.
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A 23rd chromosome pair that consists of an X-shaped chromosome from the
mother and a Y-shaped chromosome from the father. XY zygotes become males.
A 23rd chromosome pair that consists of an X-shaped chromosome from the
mother and a Y-shaped chromosome from the father. XY zygotes become males.
Click for Term
XY
A 23rd chromosome pair that consists of an X-shaped chromosome from the
mother and a Y-shaped chromosome from the father. XY zygotes become
males.
A 23rd chromosome pair that consists of an X-shaped chromosome from the
mother and a Y-shaped chromosome from the father. XY zygotes become
males.
Click for Term
Referring to a gene carried on the X chromosome. If a boy inherits an X-
linked recessive trait from his mother, he expresses that trait because the Y from his father has no counteracting gene.
Girls are more likely to be carriers of X-linked traits but are less likely to express
them.
Referring to a gene carried on the X chromosome. If a boy inherits an X-
linked recessive trait from his mother, he expresses that trait because the Y from his father has no counteracting gene.
Girls are more likely to be carriers of X-linked traits but are less likely to express
them.
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X-linked
Referring to a gene carried on the X chromosome. If a boy inherits an X-
linked recessive trait from his mother, he expresses that trait because the Y from his father has no counteracting
gene. Girls are more likely to be carriers of X-linked traits but are less
likely to express them.
Referring to a gene carried on the X chromosome. If a boy inherits an X-
linked recessive trait from his mother, he expresses that trait because the Y from his father has no counteracting
gene. Girls are more likely to be carriers of X-linked traits but are less
likely to express them.
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A person whose genotype includes a gene that is not expressed in the phenotype.
Such an unexpressed gene occurs in half of the person’s gametes. Generally , only when such a gene is inherited from both parents does the characteristic appear in
the phenotype.
A person whose genotype includes a gene that is not expressed in the phenotype.
Such an unexpressed gene occurs in half of the person’s gametes. Generally , only when such a gene is inherited from both parents does the characteristic appear in
the phenotype.
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carrier
A person whose genotype includes a gene that is not expressed in the phenotype.
Such an unexpressed gene occurs in half of the person’s gametes. Generally , only when such a gene is inherited from both parents does the characteristic appear in
the phenotype.
A person whose genotype includes a gene that is not expressed in the phenotype.
Such an unexpressed gene occurs in half of the person’s gametes. Generally , only when such a gene is inherited from both parents does the characteristic appear in
the phenotype.
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A gene that has several alleles, each of which contributes to the final phenotype
(such as skin color or height).
A gene that has several alleles, each of which contributes to the final phenotype
(such as skin color or height).
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Additive gene
A gene that has several alleles, each of which contributes to the final
phenotype (such as skin color or height).
A gene that has several alleles, each of which contributes to the final
phenotype (such as skin color or height).
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A condition in which a person has 47 chromosomes instead of the usual 46,
with three rather than two chromosomes at the 21st position. They often have distinctive characteristics, including
unusual facial features, heart abnormalities, and language difficulties.
A condition in which a person has 47 chromosomes instead of the usual 46,
with three rather than two chromosomes at the 21st position. They often have distinctive characteristics, including
unusual facial features, heart abnormalities, and language difficulties.
Click for Term
Fragile X syndrome
A genetic disorder in which part of the X chromosome seems to be attached to the
rest of it by a very thin string of molecules. The cause is a single gene that has more than 200 repetitions of
one triplet.
A genetic disorder in which part of the X chromosome seems to be attached to the
rest of it by a very thin string of molecules. The cause is a single gene that has more than 200 repetitions of
one triplet.
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Twins who originate from one zygote that splits apart very early in development.
Also called identical twins.
Twins who originate from one zygote that splits apart very early in development.
Also called identical twins.
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Monozygotic (MZ) twins
Twins who originate from one zygote that splits apart very early in development.
Also called identical twins.
Twins who originate from one zygote that splits apart very early in development.
Also called identical twins.
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Referring to a trait that is influenced by many genes.
Referring to a trait that is influenced by many genes.
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polygenic
Referring to a trait that is influenced by many genes.
Referring to a trait that is influenced by many genes.
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A genetic disorder in which part of the X chromosome seems to be attached to the
rest of it by a very thin string of molecules. The cause is a single gene that
has more than 200 repetitions of one triplet.
A genetic disorder in which part of the X chromosome seems to be attached to the
rest of it by a very thin string of molecules. The cause is a single gene that
has more than 200 repetitions of one triplet.
Click for Term
Down syndrome
A condition in which a person has 47 chromosomes instead of the usual 46,
with three rather than two chromosomes at the 21st position. They often have distinctive characteristics,
including unusual facial features, heart abnormalities, and language difficulties.
A condition in which a person has 47 chromosomes instead of the usual 46,
with three rather than two chromosomes at the 21st position. They often have distinctive characteristics,
including unusual facial features, heart abnormalities, and language difficulties.
Click for Term
Twins who are formed when two separate ova are fertilized by two separate sperm
at roughly the same time. Also, called fraternal twins.
Twins who are formed when two separate ova are fertilized by two separate sperm
at roughly the same time. Also, called fraternal twins.
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Dizygotic (DZ) twins
Twins who are formed when two separate ova are fertilized by two separate sperm
at roughly the same time. Also, called fraternal twins.
Twins who are formed when two separate ova are fertilized by two separate sperm
at roughly the same time. Also, called fraternal twins.
Click for Term
