MamaMama--8686’’ experience on experience on introduction of the dry introduction of the dry

urineurine--diverting toilets in diverting toilets in UkraineUkraine

BerezhnaBerezhna JuliyaJuliyaMAMAMAMA--8686

20072007Sofia, BulgariaSofia, Bulgaria

About MAMAAbout MAMA--8686

MAMA-86 is a network of 17 NGOsinitiated by mothers in 1990 to raise public awareness and to work with environment and health problems

Drinking Water Campaign is a network project, launched in 1997 as a womengrass root initiative aimed to improve access to safe drinking water and sanitation.

11 local organizations participated in the campaign activities

Rural areas: access to Water Rural areas: access to Water supply and sanitationsupply and sanitation

54% of the population live in rural 54% of the population live in rural areas & settlements with less than areas & settlements with less than 20,000 20,000 inhabinhab..11 11 mlnmln (74%) of rural population use (74%) of rural population use wells, wells, captagescaptages800,000 use transported water800,000 use transported water14.3 14.3 mlnmln (91%) (91%) -- pit latrines and pit latrines and septicsseptics

1,8 1,8 mlnmln wells are contaminated by wells are contaminated by nitrates, microorganisms, pesticides, nitrates, microorganisms, pesticides, fluorine, othersfluorine, othersAs usual pit latrines and As usual pit latrines and septicsseptics are are the the sources of nitrates and biological sources of nitrates and biological contamination of ground water.contamination of ground water.

““Cooperation for sustainable Cooperation for sustainable rural developmentrural development””

Project implementing by MAMAProject implementing by MAMA--86 and WECF 86 and WECF funded by MATRA Program, the Netherlands,funded by MATRA Program, the Netherlands,In 2003In 2003--2006 2006 3 project rural areas of Ukraine3 project rural areas of UkraineFocus on water supply, ecoFocus on water supply, eco--sanitation and sanitation and

organic agricultureorganic agriculture

To safe water in rural areas (wells) To safe water in rural areas (wells) we have to stop pollution by pitwe have to stop pollution by pit--latrines, latrines, septic tanks or canalization, septic tanks or canalization, introduce environmentally friendly, affordable introduce environmentally friendly, affordable

and alternative technologies and alternative technologies

project background project background Project areas: villages Gozhuly, Project areas: villages Gozhuly, VorokhtaVorokhta and and BobrykBobryk

v. Gozhuly, Poltava rayon, 3 km close to city Poltavav. Gozhuly, Poltava rayon, 3 km close to city PoltavaPopulation aboutPopulation about 33660000 people,people,Old centralized water supply and canalization, 2 Old centralized water supply and canalization, 2 artesian wells for tap water are naturally artesian wells for tap water are naturally contaminated by fluorine (7contaminated by fluorine (7--7.5 times higher than 7.5 times higher than norms),WWnorms),WW treatment unit is on emergency stagetreatment unit is on emergency stage448 shallow wells nitrate (>250448 shallow wells nitrate (>250--500 mg/l) and 500 mg/l) and biologically contaminated, because of pit latrines and biologically contaminated, because of pit latrines and canalization canalization

V. V. VorokhtaVorokhta, , YaremcheYaremche rayon,Ivanorayon,Ivano--FrankivskaFrankivska oblast,oblast,Population aboutPopulation about 45450000 peoplepeopleOld centralized water supply for Old centralized water supply for ½½ population, rest population, rest use wellsuse wells

v. v. BobrykBobryk, Nizhyn , Nizhyn raoynraoyn of of ChernigivChernigiv oblastoblastPopulation aboutPopulation about 656500 people, mainly pensioners, only people, mainly pensioners, only 45 children in school45 children in schoolWells and pit latrine are usedWells and pit latrine are used

First ecoFirst eco--san toilet for rural san toilet for rural school in Ukraineschool in Ukraine

In October 2004 In October 2004 MAMAMAMA--86 and WECF 86 and WECF

in cooperation with in cooperation with experts of experts of Hamburg Technical Hamburg Technical University built the University built the first ecofirst eco--san toilet san toilet

for schoolfor schoolin v. Gozhuly, in v. Gozhuly,

Poltava rayon. Poltava rayon.

Toilet Toilet -- facility for the school facility for the school -- Top viewTop viewsection A-A: Toiletroom-ground

toilet-drain 1%

3 * 120mm hole for ventilation-pipe

3 * 60 mm hole for urinals

4 * 60mm hole for toilet-drain C

CE

E

school-doorschool-window

existing schoolbuilding

corridor

7Stefan Deegener, Ralf Otterpohl„ Ecosan– a step towards sustainable rural

development in Eastern Europe “ Hamburg University of Technology

EcoEco--toilettoiletIt consists of 3 double vault urine diverting It consists of 3 double vault urine diverting toilets and 1 room with 3 waterless urinals toilets and 1 room with 3 waterless urinals and 2 urine tanks of 2 m3 each. The facility is and 2 urine tanks of 2 m3 each. The facility is used by 155 pupils (6 used by 155 pupils (6 –– 16 years old) and 30 16 years old) and 30 staff members. staff members. The cost of the toilet building with VAT (20%) The cost of the toilet building with VAT (20%) is 61 000 is 61 000 hrvhrv (nearly 10 000 Euro).(nearly 10 000 Euro).Water is used only for hands washing and Water is used only for hands washing and toilet rooms cleaning: about 50 l/day.toilet rooms cleaning: about 50 l/day.Instead of flushing the faecal is covering by Instead of flushing the faecal is covering by dry materials (mixture of soil, ash, sawdust) dry materials (mixture of soil, ash, sawdust) now water supply service payment is 20% now water supply service payment is 20% lessless

VorokhtaVorokhta private ecoprivate eco--san toiletssan toilets

20052005--2006 2006 --5 eco5 eco--toilet were builttoilet were built

Construction of Construction of EcosanEcosan Toilet in Private HouseToilet in Private House

Toilet SeatToilet Seat

UrineFaeces

Finished ToiletFinished Toilet

Finished ToiletFinished Toilet

BobrykBobryk ecoeco--san toiletssan toilets

20062006Building school dry toilet for 36 Building school dry toilet for 36 children and 16 teacherschildren and 16 teachers2 Private 2 Private ecosanecosan toilets for 10 toilets for 10 villagersvillagers

SustainableSustainable DevelopmentDevelopment forfor AllAll: : ecologicalecological sanitationsanitation andand wastewaste--

((waterwater) ) managementmanagement inin ruralrural areasareasofof UkraineUkraine

•• Project was implemented by MAMAProject was implemented by MAMA--86 86 and WECF, and funded by and WECF, and funded by privateprivateFrenchFrench FoundationFoundation EnsembleEnsemble

•• September 2005September 2005--November 2006November 2006•• 2 project rural areas of Ukraine2 project rural areas of Ukraine•• Focus on safe water supply and ecoFocus on safe water supply and eco--

sanitationsanitation

Project BackgroundProject Background

StepanStepanііvkavka Villages Council:Villages Council:5 villages5 villages, Odesa Oblast , Odesa Oblast Population is 3345 Population is 3345 inhinh..

VillageVillage PeredovPeredovооee youthyouth summersummer campcamp ininNNaturalatural reservereserve of of BaydarskaBaydarska valleyvalley, , CrimeaCrimeaApprAppr. 60 children per day . 60 children per day ((apprappr. 80 days/per year). 80 days/per year)

EcoEco--san toilet for rural school insan toilet for rural school inv. v. StepanovkaStepanovka

20062006School dry toilet for 350 pupils and School dry toilet for 350 pupils and 50 teachers50 teachersA private A private ecosanecosan toilet in toilet in

v. v. StepanovkaStepanovka (4 family members)(4 family members)

EcoEco--toilet in v.toilet in v.PeredovPeredovооee((summersummer campcamp), ),

BaydarskaBaydarska valleyvalley, , CrimeaCrimea

•Dry urine diverting toilet•Rain harvesting technology was introduced for the technical purposes of summer camp

EcosanEcosan AdvantagesAdvantages

Installation of Installation of urineurine--divertingdiverting drydry toiletstoilets and and waterlesswaterless urinalsurinals

--> immediate > immediate realisationrealisation possiblepossible--> > thusthus immediate immediate improvementimprovement of of thethehygienichygienic and and sanitarysanitary situationsituation--> > demonstrationdemonstration thatthat situationsituation cancan bebeimprovedimproved--> low> low--costcost--> > productionproduction of of fertiliserfertiliser forfor thethe dwellersdwellers

EcoEco--san technologies san technologies introduction tasks areintroduction tasks are

Adaptation for local condition (climate, Adaptation for local condition (climate, building and hygiene standards, market)building and hygiene standards, market)Monitoring and analysis of the costs at Monitoring and analysis of the costs at different stages (investments, different stages (investments, maintenance)maintenance)Introduction of nutrients recyclingIntroduction of nutrients recyclingOptimization of the technology and Optimization of the technology and development the capacity for scaling updevelopment the capacity for scaling up

Thank youThank youwww.mamawww.mama--86.org.ua86.org.ua