Describing MatterSection 2Chapter 1

Physical Properties

=Properties of matter that can be observed or measured without changing the original matterThermal Conductivity (heat transfer)State (solid, liquid, gas, plasma)Malleability (to flatten with a hammer)Ductility (ability to be pulled into a wire)Solubility (to dissolve into another substance)Density (amount of matter in a space, g/cm3)

Physical Change examples heating up a cup in the microwave Freezing water, boiling water, melting ice Flattening paper pulp or aluminum Pulling copper into a wire putting sugar into tea – yummy g/mL or g/cm3, size of piece does not matter

Density

The amount of matter in a given space or volume

(D) density (V) volume (m) mass

 

Density of Some Common Substances  

Substance density (g/cm3)

wood (oak) 0.85

aluminum 2.7

silver 10.5

steel 7.8

silver 10.5

lead 13.5

Iron pyrite (solid) 5.02

water 1.00

copper 8.96

gold 19.3

 

Chemical Properties

Describe a substance based on its ability to change into a new substance

Chemical Change = when 1 or more substances are changed into an entirely new substance with different properties.

Chemical Properties: Flammability Solubility Reactivity to Acid or Base, Water, Oxygen

Signs that a chemical reaction has occurred Bubbles/fizz gas formation Change of color Change of temperature Change of smell Production of sound or light

Physical ChangesChemical Changes

Aluminum foil is cut in half. Milk goes sour.

Clay is molded into a new shape. Jewelry tarnishes.

Butter softens on warm toast.Bread becomes toast. Butter melts.

Water evaporates from the surface of the ocean.

Rust forms on a nail left outside.

A juice box in the freezer freezes. Gasoline is ignited.

Rubbing alcohol evaporates on your hand. Hydrogen peroxide bubbles in a cut.

 Food scraps are turned into compost in a

compost pile.

  A match is lit.

  You take an antacid to settle your stomach.

  Your body digests food.

  You fry an egg.

Physical vs. Chemical

Can Chemical Changes be Undone?

Sometimes.

Chemical changes can seldomly be reversed.

Chemical changes may sometimes be reversed with other chemical changes.

Review

Complete Review Questions for homework http://www.all-science-fair-projects.com/cate

gory39.html http://www.selah.k12.wa.us/SOAR/SciProj20

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Above are sites for experiment ideas and formate.