Competition, land rehabilitation & research communication.
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Transcript of Competition, land rehabilitation & research communication.
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Competition, land rehabilitation & research communication.
Gert Nyberg, Bekele Lemma, Zacharia Gnakambary, Jules Bayala, Edmundo Barrios, Henry Neufeldt, Bernard Vanlauwe,
Hugues Bazie, Mats Öqvist, John Nyaga, Aida Bergues Tobella
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Decrease in communal grazing land
Decrease in inorganic fertilizer
use. Increasing fertilizer price & no
subside.
Decrease in cattle number
Decrease in manure
increased removal of crop residue for fodder and fuel
Decrease in soil fertility
Decrease in forest cover
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Trees
Crops -Shade -Soil fertility
animals - Shade around homestead - Fodder (leaves & pods)
humans -Shade for resting and lunching -Farm equipments, fuel wood, construction material
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Trees on farm lands
• households - have trees on their farms • Common trees – acacia, croton and cordia – kela -acacia and croton – dorebafana
• Distribution – scattered
• Grown naturally- remnant or regenerated
• Age –old and young trees
• Management – pollarding and pruning (dominant) – To collect fuel wood, construction material, … – To reduce shade to acceptable level – Done once in a year or in two year or in three year
• Benefits- crops cattle and humans
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• Most households believe that on farm trees improve soil fertility – Very few think that trees are competitive with crops
• Almost all recognize soil fertility differences under canopy and
outside canopy – Evidences
• soil color (darker), soil moisture, appearance of crops (vigor, taller, color of leaves …)
– When applying fertilizers • 68 %, 52% (Kela, Dore) of households applied less
fertilizer under canopy – Reason crops grow faster and collapse when applied on the
same rate • 32 %, 48% (Kela, Dore) of the households claimed
uniform application, but better crop performance under canopy
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0,000
20,000
40,000
60,000
80,000
100,000
120,000
0 1 2 3 4
resp rate/distance from trees
Eucalytptus
Markhamia
Sesbania
Sesbania in Napier
1
1,2
1,4
1,6
1,8
2
2,2
0 1 2 3 4 5
Eucalyptus
Markhamia
Sesbania
Sesbania in Napier
-21
-20
-19
-18
-17
-16
-150 1 2 3 4 5
Eucalyptus
Markhamia
Sesbania
Sesbania in Napier
y = -0,4071x - 14,606 R² = 0,8195
-19,000
-18,000
-17,000
-16,000
-15,000
-14,000
-13,000
-12,000
-11,000
-10,0000 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
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y = 0,3392x - 19,974 R² = 0,9923
y = 0,3079x - 19,823 R² = 0,998
y = 0,3153x - 19,828 R² = 0,9964
y = 0,3067x - 19,221 R² = 0,9929
-19,000
-18,000
-17,000
-16,000
-15,000
-14,000
-13,000
-12,0005,000 6,000 7,000 8,000 9,000 10,000 11,000 12,000 13,000 14,000 15,000
dist 1 dist 2
dist 3 dist 4
y = 0,3601x - 19,785 R² = 0,9966
y = 0,4047x - 19,848 R² = 0,9741
y = 0,3822x - 19,817 R² = 0,9887
-18,500
-18,000
-17,500
-17,000
-16,500
-16,000
-15,500
-15,0004,000 5,000 6,000 7,000 8,000 9,000 10,000 11,000 12,000
dist 1
dist 2
dist 3
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Gully rehab Gully reference
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Woodlot at farmers field
Control
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0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
C C ratio2011
N N ratio2011
P 2009 ic 2009 ic 2011
Woodlots/reference ratio
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0,0
10,0
20,0
30,0
40,0
50,0
60,0
woodlots 2009 control 2009 woodlots 2011 control 2011
mm
/h
b
a
c
b
bars with the same letter are not statistically different at p<0.05
Infiltrability four & six years after planting
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Infiltration rates in land rehab sites 2009 & 2011
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
T C
2009
2011
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