Cognive BeamformingforSpectral! …newyork.ing.uniroma1.it/IC0902/4th-Workshop/Technical... ·...

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Cogni’ve Beamforming for Spectral Coexistence of Satellite and Terrestrial Networks Shree Krishna Sharma ([email protected]) Dr. Symeon Chatzinotas Prof. Björn O8ersten SnT, University of Luxembourg 911 Oct 2013, Rome, Italy

Transcript of Cognive BeamformingforSpectral! …newyork.ing.uniroma1.it/IC0902/4th-Workshop/Technical... ·...

Page 1: Cognive BeamformingforSpectral! …newyork.ing.uniroma1.it/IC0902/4th-Workshop/Technical... · 2014. 2. 13. · Selec’on”,$in!Proc.!ASMS/SCPC!2012,$ Baiona,$Spain,$Sept.$2012.$

 Cogni've  Beamforming  for  Spectral  

Coexistence  of  Satellite  and  Terrestrial  Networks  

 Shree  Krishna  Sharma  ([email protected])  

Dr.  Symeon  Chatzinotas  Prof.  Björn  O8ersten                                                                          

SnT,  University  of  Luxembourg                      

9-­‐11  Oct  2013,  Rome,  Italy                                            

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Outline  

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q  Introduc'on    Ø  CogniLve  SatComs  Ø  Beamforming  

q  Proposed  Scenarios  q  Receive  Beamforming  Ø  Signal  Model  Ø  Applicable  Techniques  Ø  Results  

q  Transmit  Beamforming  Ø  Signal  Model  Ø  Applicable  Techniques  Ø  Results  

q  Numerical  Results  q  Conclusions  

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IntroducLon  

q  Mo'va'on  Ø  Increasing  Spectrum  demand  Ø  Temporal  and  spaLal  variaLons  

 q  Current  Status  Ø  Spectrum  segmenta'on    Ø  Sta'c  frequency  allocaLon    

q  Future  Solu'ons:                                                                                                                        Source:  NTIA  Ø  Dynamic  Spectrum  Access  Ø  Primary/secondary  cogniLon  

q  Cogni've  Radio  Techniques:  Spectrum  Sensing,  Underlay,  Overlay,  Database  

 

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CogniLve  SatComs  

q  Hybrid  Satellite  Terrestrial  Coexistence  

q  Dual  Satellite  Coexistence    

q  S.  K.  Sharma,  S.  Chatzinotas,  and  B.  O8ersten,  “Cogni've  Radio  Techniques  for  Satellite  Communica'on  Systems”  in  proc.  IEE  VTC  fall  ,  Las  Vegas,  NV,  2013.  

Operator 1 Satellte

Operator 2Satellite

Gateway 1Gateway 2

Cognition

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Beamforming  

q  Spectral  sharing  opportunity  in  the  angular  domain  (same  Lme,  frequency  and  geographical  locaLon)  

q  Underlay  CR      

q  Beamforming  Types:  depending  on  how  beamforming  weights  are  chosen.      Ø  Data  independent  beamforming      Ø  Sta's'cally  op'mum  beamforming:  Weights  are  chosen  based  on  the  staLsLcs  of  

the  received  data  at  the  array.  §  MulLple  Side-­‐lobe  Canceler  (MSC)  §  Minimum  Variance  Distor'onless  Response  (MVDR)  §  Linearly  Constrained  Minimum  Variance  (LCMV)    

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Proposed  Scenarios   Uplink  Coexistence  with  Receive  Beamforming                                            Downlink  Coexistence  with  Transmit  Beamforming  

q  Shree    K.  Sharma,  Symeon  Chatzinotas,  and    B.  O8ersten,  “Spa'al  Filtering  for  Underlay  Cogni've  SatComs”,    in  proc.  PSATS  ,  Toulouse,  France,  June  2013.  

q  Shree    K.  Sharma,  Symeon  Chatzinotas,  and    B.  O8ersten,  “Transmit  Beamforming  for  Spectral  Coexistence  of    Satellite  and  Terrestrial  Networks”,  in  proc.  CROWNCOM  2013,  Washington  DC,  USA,  July  2013.  

Satellite

Terrestrial BS

Terrestrial Terminals

Weak

Interfering

Link

Strong Interfering Link

Primary Link

Secondary Link

Satellite Terminals

Satellte

Terrestrial BS

Terrestrial Terminals

Weak reception links

Strong Interfering Link

Primary Link

Secondary Link

Satellte Terminals

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Proposed  Receive  Beamforming  

q  Unique  Propaga'on  characteris'c  of  satellite  terminals  q  SpaLal  Filtering  (Receive  Beamforming)  at  terrestrial  BS    q  The  angular  sector  in  which  interfering              satellite  terminals  are  located  is  known  to  the              beamformer.    q   The  number  of  interfering  terminals  and                    their  exact  loca'ons  are  not  known.    q  Objec've:  to  miLgate  interference  coming                  from  whole  angular  sector  and  to  maximize                  SINR  of  desired  user.  

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Signal  Model  

q  M:  number  of  antennas  in  the  BS  array,  K:  total  number  of  users    (one  SU+(K-­‐1)  PU)    q  Received  Signal  y  at  BS    

q  Signal  Direc'onal  Matrix  (SDM)  

 

 

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MVDR  and  LCMV    

q  SINR  of  the  kth  desired  user    

 q  MVDR  Problem  and  Solu'on  

q  LCMV  Problem  and  Solu'on  

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SimulaLon  Parameters  

q  GEO  satellite    q  Satellite  terminals  at  azimuth  range  of  10◦  

to  85  ◦  seen  from  the  BS.  q  A  single  desired  user  at  -­‐30  ◦.  q  The  considered  interfering  sector  is  

quanLzed  in  the  interval  of  5◦  and  consider  one  terminal  in  each  quanLzed  angle.  

q  Number  of  interferers=16  

 

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Numerical  Results  

 Fig.  SINR  comparison  of    LCMV  and  MVDR  

beamformers  in  the  proposed  scenario  (M=20,  K=17)  

q  LCMV  provides  similar  SINR  as  that  of  MVDR  beamformer  towards  the  desired  user  and  can  provide  very  low  SINR  towards  the  interfering  sector  than  the  MVDR.  

 q  LCMV  can  reject  the  

interference  more  effecLvely  than  MVDR  in  the  considered  scenario.  

-150 -100 -50 0 50 100 150-200

-150

-100

-50

0

A zimuth angles (degrees)

SINR

indB

L C MVMVDR

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Numerical  Results  

 Fig.  SINR  versus  number  of  interferers  for  the  proposed  scenario    

with    beamformer  designed  for  M=18,  K=17.        

q  The  SINR  for  both  decreases  as  the  number  of  interfering  users  increases  in  the  considered  interfering  sector.  

 q  LCMV  shows  beTer  

performance  compared  to  MVDR  for  low  number  of  interferers  (<  9  in  Fig.)  and  for  higher  number  interferers,  MVDR  shows  beTer  performance  than  the  LCMV.  2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16

-20

-15

-10

-5

0

5

10

15

20

Number of interferers

SINR

indB

L C MVMVDR

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Proposed  Transmit  Beamforming  

q  Transmit  Beamforming  at  terrestrial  BS  

q  Objec'ves:    Ø  to  miLgate  interference  towards                  the  considered  angular  sector  and  to  maximize                  SINR  of  a  desired  user.  

Ø  To  miLgate  the  interference  which  may  be  picked                up  by  the  backlobe  of    the  satellite  terminals                  located  beyond    the  sector  of  interest  

     

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Satellite Terminals

·∙  

Satellite

N

S

EW

BS

SAT Terminal

TerrTerminal

Dish Receiving interference with main lobe

Dish Receiving interference with back lobe

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Signal  Model  

q  M:  number  of  antennas  in  the  BS    array,  K:  total  number  of  PUs  in  the  considered  sector,  one  SU.  

 q  Received  Signal  at  the  desired  user  (SU)                      

 

q  Array  Response  Vector          

q  Interfering  signal  at  the  pth  PU  terminal      

 

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Proposed  Techniques  

q  Scaled  LCMV:    

q  Modified  LCMV  

   

 q  SU  Rate  Maximiza'on  Problem      

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Numerical  Results  

 Fig.  SINR  comparison  of  the  modified  LCMV  and  standard  LCMV  for  the  considered  scenario  

q  Modified  LCMV  beamformer  reduces  the  SINR  towards  the  direc'on  of  the  satellite  terminal  located  at  DoA  of  −15◦,  thus  protecLng  the  satellite  terminal  from  secondary  interference  (IT  -­‐80  dB  below  the  maximum  gain).  

 q  The  reduced  value  of  the  SINR  in  

the  direcLon  of  the  primary  satellite  terminal  depends  on  the  choice  of  the  parameter  IT.  -150 -100 -50 0 50 100 150

-180

-160

-140

-120

-100

-80

-60

-40

-20

0

Azimuth angles (degrees)

SIN

R (d

B)

Standard LCMVModified LCMV

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Numerical  Results  

 Fig.  Transmit  power  in  the  desired  direcLon                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  versus  power  threshold      

q  PU  terminals  from  45◦  to  85◦  with  each  terminal  at  5◦  interval  and  SU  rate  maximiza'on  approach.  

 q  Tx  power  in  the  desired  user’s  

direc'on  is  the  maximum  when  the  constrained  threshold  power  is  kept  at  −10dBW  for  all  the  cases.  

 q  Tx  power  in  the  desired  direcLon  

increases  as  the  angular  difference  between  the  desired  SU  and  the  considered  sector  becomes  large  (i.e.,  maximum  at  0◦  in  Figure).  

-80 -70 -60 -50 -40 -30 -20 -10 011.8

12

12.2

12.4

12.6

12.8

13

Constrained power threshold in the directions of PUs (dBW)

Tx p

ower

to th

e de

sire

d us

er (d

BW

)

SU-rx at 30o

SU-rx at 20o

SU-rx at 10o

SU-rx at 0o

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Numerical  Results  

                         Fig.  Worst  case  SU  rate  versus  PU  distance  from  BS            Fig.  Worst  SU  rate  versus  PU  distance  and  angular  deviaLon                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              from  the  sector  of    interest    

01

23

45

0

10

20

308

10

12

14

16

Distance (Km)Angular deviation (degrees)

SU ra

te (b

its/s

ec/H

z)

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 1014.02

14.03

14.04

14.05

14.06

14.07

14.08

14.09

14.1

Distance to PU (Km)

Wor

st c

ase

SU

rate

(bits

/sec

/Hz)

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Conclusions  q  The  performance  of  LCMV  is  much  be8er  in  terms  of  rejecLng  interference  from  the  sector  

of  interest    (even  in  case  of  DoA  uncertainty  of  interfering  signals).    q  MVDR  beamformer  is  beTer  suited  for  a  large  number  of  interfering  terminals.                and  LCMV  beamformer  is  be8er  suited  for  the  case  of  DoA  mismatch  of  the  desired                              signals.      q  Modified  LCMV  can  miLgate  the  interference  towards  the  specific  angular  sector  by  also  

providing  sufficient  protec'on  towards  PU  terminals  located  beyond  the  sector  of  interest.    

q  The  worst  case  SU  rate  is  dependent  on  the  PU  distance,  the  permissible  interference  threshold  at  the  PU  terminals  as  well  as  the  angular  devia'on  of  the  desired  user  from  the  considered  angular  sector.  

q  The  choice  of  a  technique  in  the  considered  scenario  depends  on  the  desired  performance  level  as  well  as  the  flexibility  of  applying  different  constraints  to  the  opLmizaLon  problem.    

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References  q  Shree    K.  Sharma,  Symeon  Chatzinotas,  and    B.  O8ersten,  “Spa'al  Filtering  for  Underlay  Cogni've  SatComs”,    in  proc.  5th  Int.  Conf.  Personal  

Satellite  Services  (PSATS),    Toulous,  France,  June  2013.  q  Shree    K.  Sharma,  Symeon  Chatzinotas,  and    B.  O8ersten,  “Transmit  Beamforming  for  Spectral  Coexistence  of    Satellite  and  Terrestrial  

Networks”,  in  proc.  CROWNCOM  2013,  Washington  DC,  USA,  July  2013.  q  Shree    K.  Sharma,  Symeon  Chatzinotas,  and    B.  O8ersten,  “Interference  Alignment  for  Spectral  Coexistence  of  Heterogeneous  Networks”,  

EURASIP  Journal  on  Wireless  CommunicaIons  and  Networking,    vol.  2013:46,  2013.  q  Shree    K.  Sharma,  Symeon  Chatzinotas,  and    B.  O8ersten,  “Satellite  Cogni've  Communica'ons:  Interference  Modeling  and  Techniques  

Selec'on”,  in  Proc.  ASMS/SCPC  2012,    Baiona,  Spain,  Sept.  2012.  q  Shree  K.  Sharma,  S.  Chatzinotas,  and  B.  O8ersten,  “Cogni've  Beamhopping  for  Spectral  Coexistence  of  Mul'beam  Satellites”,  in  proc.    

Future  Network  Mobile  Summit  2013,    Lesbon,  Portugal,  July  2013.  q  Shree  K.  Sharma,  S.  Chatzinotas  and  B.  O8ersten,  “Cogni've  Radio  techniques  for  Satellite  Communica'on  Systems”,    in  proc.  VTC-­‐fall  

2013,    Las  Vegas,  CA,  Sept.    2013,  invited  paper.  q  S.  Chatzinotas,  Shree  K.  Sharma,  and  B.  O8ersten,  “Frequency  packing  for    interference  alignment-­‐based  cogni've  dual  satellite  systems”,  

in  proc.  VTC-­‐fall  2013,    Las  Vegas,  CA,  Sept.    2013.  q  Shree  K.  Sharma,  S.  Chatzinotas,  and  B.  O8ersten,    “Exploi'ng  Polariza'on  for  Spectrum  Sensing  in  Cogni've  SatComs,”  in  CROWNCOM  

Conference,  Stockholm,  Sweden,    June  2012.  q  Shree  K.  Sharma,  S.  Chatzinotas,  and  B.  O8ersten,  “Spectrum  Sensing  in  Dual  Polarized  Fading  Channels  for  Cogni've  SatComs,”in  Proc.  

IEEE  Global  CommunicaIons  Conference,    Anaheim,  CA,  December  2012.  q  Shree    K.  Sharma,  Symeon  Chatzinotas,  and    B.  O8ersten,  “Satellite  Cogni've  Communica'ons  and  Spectrum  Regula'on”,    in  Proc.  of    

InternaIonal  RegulaIons  of  Space  CommunicaIons  Workshop,    Luxembourg,  24-­‐25  May  2012.  q  S.  Chatzinotas,  Shree  K.  Sharma,  and  B.  O8ersten,  “Mul'antenna  Signal  Processing  for  Cogni've  Communica'ons”,  in  proc.  ChinaSIP  2013,    

Beijing,  China,  July  2013,  invited  paper.  q  Shree    K.  Sharma,  Symeon  Chatzinotas,  and    B.  O8ersten,  “Effect  of  Noise  Correla'on  on  Frac'onal  Sampling  based  Spectrum  Sensing”,    in  

proc.  ICC  2013,  Budapest,  Hungary,  June  2013.  q  Symeon  Chatzinotas,  Shree  K.  Sharma,  and  B.  O8ersten,”Asympto'c  Analysis  of  Eigenvalue  based  Blind  Spectrum  Sensing”,  in  proc.  ICASSP  

2013,  Vancouver,  Canada,  May  2013.  q  Shree    K.  Sharma,  Symeon  Chatzinotas,  and    B.  O8ersten,  “Eigenvalue  Based  Sensing  and  SNR  Es'ma'on  for  Cogni've  Radio  in  Presence  of  

Noise  Correla'on,”  IEEE  TransacIons  on  Vehicular  Technology,    vol.  62,  no.  8,  pp.  1-­‐14,  2013.  q  Shree    K.  Sharma,  Symeon  Chatzinotas,  and    B.  O8ersten,  “SNR  Es'ma'on  for  Mul'-­‐dimensional  Cogni've  Receiver  under  Correlated  

Channel/Noise,”  to  appear  in  IEEE  Trans.  Wireless  CommunicaIon,  2013.  

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