Phenomenology and brain measures during cognive trance: a ......Phenomenology and brain measures...
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Protocol study Inves&gate the phenomenology and neural correlates of cogni&ve trance using mul&modal neuroimaging assessments in an expert prac&&oner Phenomenology and brain measures during cogni4ve trance: a case study [email protected] Background Results Methods Gosseries O 1 , Sombrun C 2 , Thibaut A 1 , Sanz LR 1 , Wolff A 1 , Raimondo F 1 , Fecchio M 3 , Panda R 1 , F. Taulelle 2 , Vanhaudenhuyse A 4* , Laureys S 1* COGNITIVE TRANCE - Voli&onal & self-induced modified state of consciousness - Inherited from shamanic tradi&onal prac&ces - Characteris&cs: Ø Lucid but narrowed awareness of environment Ø Hyper-focused immersive experience of flow Ø Expanded inner imagery Ø Modified somatosensory processing Ø Altered sense of self and &me DEFINITION AIMS [1,2] PROTOCOL: 1 expert par&cipant undergoing electroecenphalogram (EEG), transcranial magne&c s&mula&on (TMS) & fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography (FDG-PET) during normal res&ng wakefulness & trance state PARTICIPANT: 56 yo right-handed female, originally trained in Mongolia, prac&cing trance for 17 years, able to induce trance spontaneously without moving aYer induc&on SUBJECTIVE QUESTIONNAIRES: free recall, &me percep&on (subjec&ve dura&on of the experience, in min), level of arousal (wakefulness), absorp&on (be fully involved in experience) & dissocia&on (mental separa&on from environment) using 0-10 VAS EEG: 256 channels (EGI), spectral power (δ, θ, α, β), complexity (Komolgorov-Chai&n complexity – K, spectral & permuta&on entropy – SE & PE) & connec&vity (dwPLI) TMS-EEG: 64 channels (Nexs&m), TMS-responses during frontal & parietal s&mula&on, diversity index (DI) & local mean field power (LMFP) FDG-PET: global brain metabolism ANALYSES: as previously published results considered significant at p<0.05 Our findings showed: - Higher absorp&on, dissocia&on, wakefulness and &me-scale distor&on in trance compared to rest - EEG increase spectral power in all frequency bands, increase complexity (especially posterior regions), increase in δ and decrease in α & β connec&vity - Target-specific modifica&on in cor&cal reac&vity: increase during frontal s&mula&on (possibly related to focused aken&on), and decrease in parietal s&mula&on (possibly related to decreased external awareness) - No difference in global brain metabolism In conclusion, cogni&ve trance is a modified state of consciousness characterized by changes in behavior and neurophysiological processes. Further studies on a larger sample of subjects are needed to beker understand the neural basis of cogni&ve trance, which can be prac&ced by any individual undergoing specific (self)-training. 1 GIGA Consciousness, Coma Science Group, University and University Hospital of Liege, Belgium; 2 TranceScience Research Ins&tute, Paris, France; 3 Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences "Luigi Sacco", University of Milan, Milan, Italy; 4 Algology Department & Sensa&on & Percep&on Research Group, GIGA consciousness, University and University Hospital of Liège, Belgium; * Contributed equally Discussion REFERENCES [1] Flor-Henry et al, Cogent Psychology, 2017 [2] Hove et al, Cortex, 2016 [3] Vanhaudenhuyse et al, Int J Clin Exp Hyp, 2019 [4] Engemann et al, Brain, 2018 AFTER TREATMENT #011 [3] [4,5] [9] SUBJECTIVE QUESTIONNAIRES EEG TMS-EEG FDG-PET [8] Increase in trance Decrease in trance COMPLEXIT Y FREQUENCY POWER CONNECTIVITY FREE RECALL (a^er EEG in trance): “At first, there was a song during the induc?on, with movements. ACer, I had the vision of an eagle and it began to fly and I felt the sensa?on to also fly with him in a very beau?ful orange light. It was a sunset and it was very pleasant. I was doing tai-chi movements. It was beau?ful. This eagle took me in a kind of eye, a very bright eye, and aCer I had a feeling of an opening, a total well-being. I felt like ecstasy, a state where you are just in your place and it is perfect.” [4-9] No significant difference between rest (leY) and trance (right) Node degre e [7] [6] [7] Casaroko et al, PloS One, 2010 [8] Fecchio et al, PloS One, 2017 [9] Thibaut et al, J Rehab Med, 2012 [5] Sik et al, Brain, 2014 [6] Chennu et al, Brain, 2017
Transcript of Phenomenology and brain measures during cognive trance: a ......Phenomenology and brain measures...
Protocolstudy
Inves&gatethephenomenologyandneuralcorrelatesofcogni&vetranceusingmul&modalneuroimagingassessmentsinanexpertprac&&oner
Phenomenologyandbrainmeasuresduringcogni4vetrance:acasestudy
Background Results
Methods
GosseriesO1,SombrunC2,ThibautA1,SanzLR1,WolffA1,RaimondoF1,FecchioM3,PandaR1,F.Taulelle2,VanhaudenhuyseA4*,LaureysS1*
COGNITIVETRANCE
-Voli&onal&self-inducedmodifiedstateofconsciousness-Inheritedfromshamanictradi&onalprac&ces-Characteris&cs:
Ø LucidbutnarrowedawarenessofenvironmentØ Hyper-focusedimmersiveexperienceofflowØ ExpandedinnerimageryØ ModifiedsomatosensoryprocessingØ Alteredsenseofselfand&me
DEFINITION
AIMS
[1,2]
PROTOCOL:1expertpar&cipantundergoingelectroecenphalogram(EEG),transcranialmagne&cs&mula&on(TMS)&fluorodeoxyglucosepositronemissiontomography(FDG-PET)duringnormalres&ngwakefulness&trancestate
PARTICIPANT:56yoright-handedfemale,originallytrainedinMongolia,prac&cingtrancefor17years,abletoinducetrancespontaneouslywithoutmovingaYerinduc&on
SUBJECTIVEQUESTIONNAIRES:freerecall,&mepercep&on(subjec&vedura&onoftheexperience,inmin),levelofarousal(wakefulness),absorp&on(befullyinvolvedinexperience)&dissocia&on(mentalsepara&onfromenvironment)using0-10VAS
EEG:256channels(EGI),spectralpower(δ,θ,α,β),complexity(Komolgorov-Chai&ncomplexity–K,spectral&permuta&onentropy–SE&PE)&connec&vity(dwPLI)
TMS-EEG:64channels(Nexs&m),TMS-responsesduringfrontal&parietals&mula&on,diversityindex(DI)&localmeanfieldpower(LMFP)
FDG-PET:globalbrainmetabolism
ANALYSES:aspreviouslypublishedresultsconsideredsignificantatp<0.05
Ourfindingsshowed:- Higherabsorp&on,dissocia&on,wakefulnessand&me-scaledistor&onintrancecomparedtorest- EEGincreasespectralpowerinallfrequencybands,increasecomplexity(especiallyposteriorregions),increasein
δanddecreaseinα&βconnec&vity- Target-specificmodifica&onincor&calreac&vity:increaseduringfrontals&mula&on(possiblyrelatedtofocused
aken&on),anddecreaseinparietals&mula&on(possiblyrelatedtodecreasedexternalawareness)- NodifferenceinglobalbrainmetabolismIn conclusion, cogni&ve trance is a modified state of consciousness characterized by changes in behavior andneurophysiologicalprocesses.Furtherstudiesonalargersampleofsubjectsareneededtobekerunderstandtheneuralbasisofcogni&vetrance,whichcanbeprac&cedbyanyindividualundergoingspecific(self)-training.
1GIGAConsciousness,ComaScienceGroup,UniversityandUniversityHospitalofLiege,Belgium;2TranceScienceResearchIns&tute,Paris,France;3DepartmentofBiomedicalandClinicalSciences"LuigiSacco",UniversityofMilan,Milan,Italy;4AlgologyDepartment&Sensa&on&Percep&onResearchGroup,GIGAconsciousness,UniversityandUniversityHospitalofLiège,Belgium;*Contributedequally
Discussion
REFERENCES[1]Flor-Henryetal,CogentPsychology,2017[2]Hoveetal,Cortex,2016
[3]Vanhaudenhuyseetal,IntJClinExpHyp,2019[4]Engemannetal,Brain,2018
AFTERTREATMENT
#011
[3]
[4,5]
[9]
SUBJECTIVEQUESTIONNAIRES
EEG
TMS-EEGFDG-PET
[8]
Increaseintrance
Decreaseintrance
COMPLEXITY
FREQUENCYPOWER
CONNECTIVITY
FREERECALL(a^erEEGintrance):“Atfirst,therewasa song during the induc?on,withmovements. ACer, I had thevisionofaneagleanditbegantoflyandIfeltthesensa?ontoalsoflywithhiminaverybeau?fulorangelight.Itwasasunsetanditwasverypleasant.Iwasdoingtai-chimovements.Itwasbeau?ful.Thiseagletookmeinakindofeye,averybrighteye,andaCerIhadafeelingofanopening,atotalwell-being.Ifeltlike ecstasy, a statewhere you are just in your place and it isperfect.”
[4-9]
Nosignificantdifferencebetweenrest(leY)andtrance(right)
Nodedegree
[7]
[6]
[7]Casarokoetal,PloSOne,2010[8]Fecchioetal,PloSOne,2017[9]Thibautetal,JRehabMed,2012[5]Siketal,Brain,2014
[6]Chennuetal,Brain,2017
