Chapter 2: Research in Child Development
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Transcript of Chapter 2: Research in Child Development
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Chapter 2: Research in Child Development
2.1 Doing Child-Development Research
2.2 Child-Development Research and Family Policy
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2.1 Doing Child Development ResearchMeasurement in Child-Development Research
General Designs for Research
Designs for Studying Development
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Measurement in Child-Development Research
Systematic Observation: naturalistic observation and structured observation
Sampling behavior with tasks
Self reports include questionnaires and interviews
2.1 Doing Child-Development Research
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Measurement in Child-Development Research
Measures should be both valid and reliableSamples of children who participate in research should be representative of the population of interest
2.1 Doing Child-Development Research
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General Designs for Research
Correlational studies look at relations as they exist in the real world
These real-world relations are expressed as a correlation coefficient, r, that ranges from -1 to 1
2.1 Doing Developmental Research
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Three Interpretations of a Correlation Coefficient
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General Designs for Research
Experiments involve manipulating key factors that an investigator thinks are importantThe manipulated factor is the independent variable; the behavior measured is the dependent variableIn field experiments, the researcher manipulates independent variables in a natural setting
2.1 Doing Developmental Research
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Example of an Experiment
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Designs for Studying Development
Longitudinal study: the same individuals are tested repeatedly Microgenetic study: children are tested repeatedly over a span of days or weeksCross-sectional study: children of different ages are tested
2.1 Doing Developmental Research
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Comparison of Longitudinal and Cross-Sectional Studies
Longitudinal Design Cross-Sectional Design
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Ethical Responsibilities
Minimize risks to research participantsDescribe the research to potential participantsAvoid deceiving the participantsKeep results anonymous or confidential
2.1 Doing Child-Development Research
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Communicating Research Results
Research results are reported in scientific journalsResults of individual studies will be reported in the Focus on Research featuresConverging evidence from many studies is necessary
2.1 Doing Child-Development Research
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2.2 Child Development Research and Family Policy
Background
Ways to Influence Social Policy
An Emphasis on Policy Implications Improves Research
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Background
Results of child-development research can improve children’s lives Research can help changing families decide what is best for their children Research can help children who face hurdles to healthy development
2.2 Child-Development Research and Family Policy
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Ways to Influence Social Policy
Build understanding of children’s development
Be advocates for children
Evaluate policies and programs
Develop a model program
2.2 Child-Development Research and Family Policy
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An Emphasis on Policy Implications Improves Research
Focusing on policy implications leads to improved theory and research
Concern with family policy has improved research methods
2.2 Child-Development Research and Family Policy