Chapter 2-Exploration Chapter 2-Exploration Far East

◦For many years Europeans knew of a distant land called the Asia, or the Far East

◦They wanted to explore routes to the Far East

◦These explorations would change History

Ideas of Exploration BeginIdeas of Exploration BeginLand route from the Far East to

Europe was dangerous, rough, and took a long time

1400 events that helped Exploration◦Compass-helped with direction◦Makmaking- maps were more accurate,

and showed the earth was round◦Globe-model of the earth-but the early

globes only showed one ocean between Europe and Asia

Marco PoloMarco PoloBook Published in 1477

◦His book explained the experiences of Marco Polo who had explored the Far East during the 1200’s China being a land of great wealth Excited Europeans Dreaming of finding safer and shorter

water route to Asia and its riches Given the name Indies: because it

included India, China, and the Spice Islands

Marco PoloMarco Polo

Christopher Columbus and Christopher Columbus and His VoyageHis Voyage

Wanted to find an all water route to the Indies◦Also was one of the many who believed

the earth was round, and that he could reach the indies by sailing west

◦Funded by the Queen of Spain◦1492 set sail with his 3 ships: Nina,

Pinta, Santa Maria October 12, 1492 he thought he had

reached the Indies Called the there indians

Exploration ContinuesExploration Continues

John Cabot (1497)◦Sailed and landed on New Foundland

and claimed land for England Disappointed he didn’t find the rich cities

of China

Amerigo Vespucci (1497)◦Made voyages to South America and

claimed he found new land. Europe was impressed and named the

new land “America” or the New World

Explorers Explorers Juan Ponce de Leon (1513)

◦Led a search to find gold and the “Fountain of Youth” Reached the southeastern tip of the mainland and

named it Florida

Vasco Nunez de Balboa (1513)◦Also in search of gold and silver

First person to see the Pacific Ocean Francisco Pizzaro was with Balboa and learned of

the Incas and their riches Defeated the Incas and shipped large amounts of

gold to Spain

Explorers Explorers Ferdinand Magellan(1519)

◦Trip around the World Sailing to the Far East, rounded the tip of

South America and made it to the Far East

Magellan was killed in the Philippines Proved the earth was indeed round

ExplorersExplorersHernando Cortes (1519)

◦Reached the coast of Mexico searching for gold and silver Defeated the Aztec King and Empire

Giovanni da Verrazano (1524)◦Searching for the Northwest Passage

(northern water route to the Far East) reached North Carolina and sailed up to

New Foundland

Explorers Explorers Jacques Cartier (1534)

◦Searching for the Northwest passage Sailed the St Lawrence River but realized

he failed in finding the Northwest Passage but claimed many lands for France

Sir Francis Drake (1577)◦Second trip around the world

Sailed around South America up to Washington and back to England

English and French English and French coloniescolonies

Spanish Armada (1588)◦ Defeat of the Spanish fleet by the English◦ Weakening Spanish power and increasing

England's power

Roanoke Island (Lost Colony)◦ First colony in the New World, led by Sir

Walter Raleigh 3 different expeditions to create the colony On the 3rd time coming back to Roanoke Island,

there was no one, the group disappeared Words CRO and CROATOAN, found on two trees

First ColoniesFirst ColoniesQuebec (French Colony)

◦First French colony started by Samuel de Champlain France’s territories in the New World

were called New France

Jamestown (English Colony)◦Named after King James I

First permanent English settlement in the New World