Chapter 11:

...and other Social History.

Sermon Agenda:

I. Rural Communalism & Urban Popular Culture(***Activity & Communion)

II. Individualism, Perfectionism, and Literature(***Activity)

III. Abolitionism & Racism

IV. The Women's Rights Movement(***Closing)

Rural Communalism & Random Religions

Shakers: Mother Ann Lee•1770- Characterized by ecstatic dances, celibacy, gender equality, and abstention from alcohol, tobacco, politics, and war.•Attraction: economic success of communes & sexual equality.

Arthur Brisbane and the Fourierists•1840s- Characterized by Socialism, Communal property, economic freedom and equality for women.•Attraction: Radical utopian ideology and stability.

Rural Communalism & Random Religions (cont.)

John Humphrey Noyes and the Oneida Community. •1840s- Characterized by: Piety and Perfectionism, Complex marriage, freedom for women, cooperative spirit, sexual equality. •Attraction: stability and communal spirit, sexual equality, economic success. (Oneida Community Ltd.)

...and then the Mormons:

Rural Communalism & Random Religions (cont.)

Mormons: •Founded by Joseph Smith, Revelations during the second Great Awakening .

•Published the book of Mormon, "Another Testament of Jesus Christ" (why these groups are lobbed together)

•Aroused much more animosity than other religious groups. Characterized by: traditional social doctrines, patriarchal authority, encouragement of traditional capitalist values, (frugality, hard work, etc.), Communal discipline. Some were polygamists…

Activity

How accurate is this

example?

In reality: These were minorities.

Urban Popular Culture in Practice

Young Men, Women:

•Flocking to city for fortune and adventure.

•Culture: •Men- Often obtained low-paying jobs as wageworkers or clerks. They spent much of their money on attractive clothes. Promiscuity was socially acceptable. •Women- Harder time obtaining work. Often turned to prostitution. Also spent money on nice clothes to attract men.

Racism & Abolitionism

Racism: •Minstrel Shows: White men dressed as black, racist fun for the whole family. •Also, occasional socially critical Nativist Clubs:

•Against Immigration, attacked foreign born residents culturally, ethnically, and physically.

Abolitionism: •Free blacks and whites call for the freedom of slaves. •Wanted to use legal means to fight for race equality. •Die hards like William Lloyd Garrison appealed to religious Americana using mass communication. •Helped African Americans who escaped from slavery and appealed to national legislatures.

Women's Rights: An abridged versionWho's Who on the People List:

•Margaret Fuller (1840s) Taught that women had a relationship with God, and that gave them a separate social identity, and made them equal to men.

•Dorothea Dix (1820-40s) Published 7 books by 1832, and advocated education. In 1841 she convinced others to establish a hospital for those with mental illness.

•Harriet Beecher Stowe (1852) Published Uncle Tom’s Cabin, which told that the greatest moral failing of slavery was the mistreatment of women slaves.

= feminist much?

Women's Rights: (cont)

Who's Who on the People List:

•Sojourner Truth (1840s) A freed slave, Truth was a strong Christian, and after joining an extreme Christian religion, she became a strong speaker for abolitionism and women’s rights.

•Elizabeth Cady Stanton (1848) With Lucretia Mott organized a gathering in Seneca Falls, where the Declaration of Sentiments was formed, a declaration of gender equality.

•Susan B. Anthony (1850-60s) A strong political campaigner, who fought for women’s rights. In 1860 she succeeded in passing a law allowing women to collect and spend their own wages.

Activity

Book Review