Causes of Juvenile Delinquency Slidz2

8/6/2019 Causes of Juvenile Delinquency Slidz2

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YAMNA HASHMIYAMNA HASHMIROLL NO. 35


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ileDelinq

ileDelinqu


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Juvenile

delinquency

YOUTH

CRIME


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BASICBASICUNDERSTANDINGUNDERSTANDING

Juvenile delinquency refers primarilyto social acts of juveniles (youth)against the law and social norms.

Juvenile delinquency has become aglobal issue and its spreading allover the world.


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AGE BRACKET OFAGE BRACKET OFJUVENILESJUVENILES

The 16- to 20-year age group,considered adult in many places, hasone of the highest incidences of

serious crime.


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A high proportion of adult criminals havea background of early delinquency.

Youth crime is a major issue and is an

aspect of crime which does not receiveattention from the news media andpoliticians.


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WHO IS AT RISK?WHO IS AT RISK? Young people who are at risk of

becoming delinquent often live indifficult circumstances.

Children who for various reasonsincluding

parental alcoholism,

poverty,

breakdown of the family,

overcrowding, abusive conditions in the home,

the growing HIV/AIDS scourge, or the

death of parents during armed.


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SANASANA

RASHIDRASHID Roll No. 37


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CAUSES OFCAUSES OFJUVENILEJUVENILE

DELINQUENCYDELINQUENCY


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Cultural FactorsCultural Factors The intensity and severity of juvenile

offences are generally determined by thesocial, economic and cultural conditionsprevailing in a country.

There is evidence of a universal increase injuvenile crime taking place concurrently

with economic decline.


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Street children later become

young offenders, havingalready encountered

violence in their immediate

social environment aseither witnesses or victimsof violent acts.


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Economic andEconomic andSocial FactorsSocial Factors

Socio-economic instability is oftenlinked to persistent unemploymentand low incomes among the young,

which can increase the likelihood oftheir involvement in criminal activity.

Delinquent behavior often occurs in social settings in which the norms for acceptable behavior have broken

down.


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UrbanizationUrbanization

One of the reasons fordelinquent behavior istherefore an excessive focus on

proposed goals (achievingsuccess) coupled withinsufficient means to achieve

them. Some juveniles, cognizant of the

limitations imposed by legal

behavior, come under the


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Many young people retreat into the confines of their own groups and resort to drug use for psychological or emotional escape. The use of alcohol and illegal drug by juveniles is one cause of

delinquency, as they are oftencompelled to commit crime (usuallytheft) to obtain the cash needed tosupport their substance use.


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Geographical analysis suggeststhat countries with moreurbanized populations have

higher registered crime ratesthan do those with strong rurallifestyles and communities.


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TAJJALLEE JAVEDTAJJALLEE JAVED

ROLL NO. 22


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DysfunctionalDysfunctionalFamiliesFamilies

Studies show that children whoreceive adequate parentalsupervision are less likely to

engage in criminal activities. Dysfunctional family settings

characterized by conflict,inadequate parental control,

weak internal linkages andintegration, and prematureautonomyare closely associated

with juvenile delinquency.


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Children in disadvantaged familiesthat have few opportunities for

legitimate employment and face ahigher risk of social exclusion areoverrepresented among offenders.

A study carried out in prisons in theUnited States reveals that familiesinvolved in criminal activities tend topush their younger memberstowards violating the law.


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Media InfluenceMedia Influence

People who watch violence tend tobehave more aggressively or

violently. Media bring an individual to violence

in three ways:

TV ,Movies, Magazines, Internet


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Studies show that the act oflabeling may lead to the self-

adoption of a delinquent image,which later results in delinquentactivity.

The American PsychologicalAssociation has reviewed theevidence and has concluded that

television violence accounts forabout 10 per cent of aggressivebehavior among children.


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Peer InfluencePeer Influence

A number of studies have shownthat juvenile gang membersconsider their group a family.

This results in youth becoming moreprone towards delinquentbehavior due to the social pressureof their age-mates.


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Other Factors

In Pakistan, money, land, sexual assault,illiteracy, honor killing, old enmity, and

drug are the other main factors causingjuvenile delinquency.


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IMPACTS OF JUVENILEIMPACTS OF JUVENILE

DELINQUENCYDELINQUENCY

Legal term

Gang activities

Effect on familyEffect on the victims

Effect on the delinquent

Influence from neighbor hoodpsychological research

Effect on society


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Legal termsLegal terms

Refers as criminal acts performed byjuvenile

Legal terms for criminal behaviour

carried out by minors

Traced in early times

Authorities became aware and

attended to this issue


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Gang activitiesGang activities Most felonious activities are usually done in a

group illicit acts that would make their group famous.

EXAMPLE :

illicit acts that would make their groupfamous.throw rocks or bottles at their rivals; while some

use deadly weapons like knives and ice picks for

the sake of hurting.It is even more dangerous for civilian people

who just happened to be around at that place.


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Effect on familiesEffect on families Juveniles become delinquent is the misfortune of

being a child of a single parent, whetherbecause of divorce, separation or may bedeath.

The family has to face the ethical issues of

responsibility to the victims of the child's c With onlyone parent a child may receive only

halfthe guidance given by two parents.

Life of a child of a single parent is very much

different

It becomes very difficult when a relationshipdissolves because the child usuallyunexpectedly given responsibility of one

arent.

Eff t th j ilEff t th j il


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Effect on the juvenileEffect on the juveniledelinquentdelinquent

DDrug


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DrugDruginfluenceinfluence

Poor relations with parents, feelings ofdepression, and exposure to drug-usingpeers are most important for initiation

into illicit drugs other than marihuana. Drug abuse refers to the intense desire to

take drugs at the exclusion of other

activities, and dependence occurs whenthe body becomes physically dependent onan illicit substance.


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Effect on societyEffect on society


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Preema tasisPreema tasis

Roll no. 05


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JUVENILEDELINQUENCY

IN THEGLOBALL

WORLD


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THE TABLE ISSHOWNG THATCASES PER 1000JUVENILES INDIFFERENT AGE

GROUPS.ESTIMATES CANBE TAKEN FROMTHAE FOLLOWNGTABLE THAT HOWMUCH JUVENILESARE BEINGINVOLVED


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JUVENILE DELINQUENCY INJUVENILE DELINQUENCY INPAKISTANPAKISTAN

T l


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Q CJUVENILE DELINQUENCY IN


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JUVENILE DELINQUENCY INJUVENILE DELINQUENCY ININDIAINDIA

The rate of crime has increased marginallyfrom 14.7 during the year 2006 to 16.3during 2007

A total of 34,527 juveniles were

apprehended during 2007 out of which32,671 were boys and 1,856 were girls.

Tripura and Andhra Pradesh were the toptwo States in the order of crime rate at

30.7 and 30.3 respectively.

JUVENILE DELINQUENCY INJUVENILE DELINQUENCY IN
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JUVENILE DELINQUENCY INJUVENILE DELINQUENCY INRUSSIARUSSIA

The rate of crimes annually committedby the Russian street teenagers isalso high and exceeds 100,000

RATE OF INCRAESE IS 13.3 DURINGLAST YEAR

16.6 PERCENT OF CASES ARE BEENREPORTED
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HUMAHUMA


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Juvenile DelinquencyJuvenile Delinquency

PreventionPrevention


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Community Involvement

Girl and boy scouts and volunteer groups allinvolve within a community interact in a safesocial environment.

Drug Prevention

The vast majority of juvenile are determinedto be involved in drug use or sales.

Parent-Child Interaction TrainingProgram

It takes approximately 12 weeks toeducating them on how best to respond totheir child's behavior.


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Bullying Prevention Program The program succeeds in creating a safer,

less hostile environment for students.

The Nebraska Correctional Youth Facility

(NCYF) is an example of a successfuljuvenile detention facility.

Functional Family Therapy (FFT)

The FFT program helps adolescents onprobation.


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Effects The ultimate effects of a more wide

ranging, broadly encompassing juvenile

delinquency prevention is a reduction inthe rate of young people who end up introuble, including with drugs and the

judicial system.


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Researchers have concluded that youngpeople who watch violence tend to behavemore aggressively.

This is mainly characteristic of 8- to 12-year-old boys.

Over time, television indirectly leadschildren to view violence.

Special measures are needed ; the media, asthe main source of information, andround-table discussions should beorganized.


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Summary

Recent research has provided someencouraging evidence that prevention

programs can prevent juvenile delinquency. There is some evidence that parent training

programs can reduce the emergence of childbehavior problems up to 8 years.

Structural family therapy can preventdelinquency.


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AREEBA HAIDERAREEBA HAIDERROLL NO 59

JUVENILE JUSTICEJUVENILE JUSTICE


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JUVENILE JUSTICEJUVENILE JUSTICESYSTEMSYSTEM

q Network of agencies that deal with juveniles whoseconduct has come in conflict with the law.

q It operates according to the premise that youth arefundamentally different than adults, both in

terms of level of responsibility and potential forrehabilitation.

q The treatment and successful reintegration of youthinto society are the primary goals of the juvenilejustice system


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JUVENILE COURTJUVENILE COURT

special court or department of a trial court whichdeals with under-age defendants charged withcrimes or who are neglected or out of the control

of their parents. The procedure in juvenile court is not always

adversarial, although the minor is entitled tolegal representation by a lawyer

A juvenile court handles case of delinquency and

dependency

Salient features ofSa ent eatures o


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Salient features ofSa ent eatures ojuvenile justicejuvenile justicesystemsystem

If a child is a national asset, it is the duty of the stateto look after the child with a view to ensure fulldevelopment of its personality.

The guardian of an arrested juvenile shall be informed as early as possible after the arrest. A child arrested for a non-bailable offence must be

produced before juvenile court within 24 hours,while a child arrested for a bailable offence mustbe released on bail even without surety

Salient features ofSa ent eatures o


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Salient features ofSa ent eatures ojuvenile justicejuvenile justicesystemsystem

The State shall protect the bestinterests of the child throughmeasures that will ensure theobservance of internationalstandards of child protection.

The State likewise recognizes the rightof children to children toassistance, including proper careand nutrition

How to Improve theHow to Impro

ve t e


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How to Improve theHow to Improve t eJuvenile CriminalJuvenile CriminalJustice SystemJustice System

qExpand available post-releaseprograms for juvenile offenders.Juveniles who are incarcerated or

detained away from the community for even a

fairly short time

qface challenges reintegrating.

qDevelop more community-basedprograms for juvenile offenders inlieu of detention.


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q

qIncrease the number of educationaland job training programs available

to young people within the juvenile justice system.

qUtilize more dual treatment programs and facilities for juvenile offenders.

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