1. California History Mark 2009-2010 Fourth Grade

2. The Valley Region The Valley Region is a place where it gets lots of fresh water and it has lot of great soil and nutrients for growing fruits and vegetables. It has the state capital which is Sacramento. This is the California state capital. 3. The Valley Region Part 2 The main valley region is located in the center of the state,California. The San Joaquin River and the Sacramento River runs down the valley. The valley is surrounded by the mountains. On top of the valley region is the mountain region. 4. The Mountain Region Mt.Whitney The mountain region is a great place for the earth and has lots of useful natural resources. It features the famous mountain Mt.Whitney. The two main mountain regions are the Sierra Nevada and the coast ranges. 5. The Mountain Region Part 2 A huge chunk of gold The Sacramento River starts in the Sierra Nevadas. The mountain region is great for mining, that's where the gold rush had started. Next to the mountain region is the coast region. 6. The Coast Region California's ocean The coast ranges is has the most population in all of California. There are lots of people because it has a great a amount of natural resources and has good weather. It provides a fishing industry because it is close to the ocean. 7. The Coast Region Part 2 The coast ranges features the cities Los Angeles, Santa Barbara, San Francisco, and many other great cities. The coast has many things to do from zoos to scuba diving. Over the mountain lies the great desert. A California historical landmark 8. The Desert Region California's Mojave Desert The desert region has the least population in California. It has the least population because it gets very little water. The desert is also good for mining. The main desert in the valley region is the Mojave Desert and the Death Valley. 9. The Desert Region Part 2 Imperial Valley Different plants grow in the desert then in the other regions. Plants that need less water grow n the desert. Part of the desert is the Imperial Valley, it has soil and water from the All- American River. 10. Christopher Columbus Christopher Columbus wanted to find the Indies like Marco Polo in the 1400's. But instead found the Hades islands. He found indians living there so he kicked them out and he was known to find the Hades. Christopher Columbus 11. Sebastian Vizcaino Sebastian Vizcaino Sebastian Vizcaino was a Spanish explorer that explored present-day San Diego and landed in San Diego Bay in 1602. He was especially known for his maps and lied that he landed in unexplored place tthat he didn't. Sebastian Vizcaino was a Spanish explorer that explored present-day San Diego and landed in San Diego Bay in 1602. He was especially known for his maps and lied that he landed in unexplored place tthat he didn't. 12. Sir Francis Drake Sir Francis Drake was sent by the queen to attack other countries and bring gold and riches back in 1579. Francis sailed north and found a small bay known today as San Francisco Bay. He searched around San Francisco and called it Nova Albion. It was an older island in England. Sir Francis Drake 13. Juan Cabrillo Juan Cabrillo set off to sail over to now known Mexico and try to find a route to Asia in 1542. He eventually ended up in present-day San Diego, Cape San Martin, and San Miguel. Cabrillo named the area Alta California which meant Upper California. Juan Cabrillo He also has his own national museum! 14. Junipero Father Serra Father Serra was a Catholic priest. He tought other people about his religion. Then, he decided he wanted to start a missionary. He first started a missionary in Mexico, but then moved over to California making more missions. He then taught the indians the religion. 15. Gaspar De Portola Stone of Gaspar Portola was a Spain soldier sent to California to run his own colony in 1767. When he got there, he was on expedition to explore Monterey. He led a mission and had a idea for the Native American girls to get locked up in dorms while the other families sleep in houses. 16. Missions San Diego Mission The purpose of a mission is to teach the Indians the Roman Catholic religion. Indians also farm there as work. The first mission built was the San Diego Mission in July 16,1769. 17. Presidios Picture of Fort Ross The purpose of a presidio is to protect the missions. The main purpose was to keep the Russians out, and keep the Indians in. One of the famous presidios is Fort Ross. 18. John Sutter Picture of John Sutter John Sutter was a man from Switzerland. In 1841, he built a fort named Sutter's Fort. It was in Sacromento where the gold rush was. Sutter sold supplies to sttlers passing through the area. 19. Ivan Kuskov Picture of Ivan Kuskov In 1812, Ivan Kuskov led a group of Russians and Alaskan fur trappers to a place close to San Francisco. They came to hunt sea otter. So they built Fort Ross as a trading post. 20. John Bidwell In 1841, John Bidwell was the first person to lead a wagon train of settlers all the way from Independence, Missouri. Picture of John Bidwell 21. Jedediah Smith Picture of Jedediah Jedediah Smith led a big group of fur trappers and led them through Utah and the Mojave Desert to go to California. 22. John Fremont Picture of John Fremont John Fremont traveled over the U.S making maps in the 1840's. Fremont also wrote reports that made Americans from the east interested to move to the west. 23. James Beckwourth That is James Beckwourth James Beckworth was a African American whose mother was a slave. He led settlers west during the 1850's. 24. 49ers and the Gold Rush 49ers trying to find gold When the president announced there was gold in California, people came from all around the world in search for gold. They were called 49ers because they came during 1849. 25. Sam Brannan Picture of Sam Brannan Sam was a entrepreneur. When he heard that there was gold in California, he bought all the mining tools in the shops. So when people wanted mining supplies, they had to buy it from Brannan. Also, Brannan made the prices of the tools more so he was the first millionaire. 26. Levi Strauss Picture of Levi Srauss Levi Strauss made tough pants for the 49ers. All the 49ers wore it and bought it from Strauss. Strauss also made rivets in the pants and invented the first pockets. Levi Strauss pants are still in stores today 27. The Mexican-American War Picture of Mexican-American War The Mexican- American War was a war fought over the border between the two countries in 1846. US won and in 1848, Mexico signed the treaty of Guadalupe HiIdalgo.