Biomechanics of Major Joints

Dustyn Roberts NYU ITP Biomechanics for Interactive Design 3/22/2012

Bones

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bone

Muscle and Tendons

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Skeletal_muscle.jpg

Tendons attach muscle to bone

Ligaments

http://ehealthmd.com/content/what-anterior-cruciate-ligament

Ligaments attach bone to bone

Types of Joints

• Diarthroidal (Synovial)– Ball and socket (hip)– Hinge (knee)– Pivot (C1-C2, radius-ulna)– Ellipsoidal (radius-carpals)– Saddle

• Amphiarthroidal (cartilagenous)– Ribs-sternum

• Synarthroses (fibrous joints)– Between flat bones of skull

https://pantherfile.uwm.edu/gp/www/WileyBOOK.pdf

Synovial Joints

• Bones• Cartilage• Synovial Fluid• Joint capsule

https://pantherfile.uwm.edu/gp/www/WileyBOOK.pdf

Ankles

http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/images/ency/fullsize/19918.jpg

Basic Biomechanics Book

Also abduction/adduction and inversion/eversion

Knees

http://www.flickr.com/photos/bekathwia/3388655889/sizes/m/in/set-72157600956249951/

http://www.aclsolutions.com/images/Seif_knee%20anatomy01.jpg

http://sternlab.org/2009/03/plush-knee/

Hips

http://www.thingiverse.com/thing:2673http://www.norwellphysicaltherapy.com/Injuries-Conditions/Hip/Hip-Anatomy/a~299/article.html

Spine

http://www.bcchiro.com/bcca/images/yourbackbone.gif

http://www.scoi.com/images/scoi-spine.jpg

Shoulders

http://www.scoi.com/images/scoi-shoulder.jpg

http://img.webmd.com/dtmcms/live/webmd/consumer_assets/site_images/articles/image_article_collections/anatomy_pages/shoulder.jpg

Elbow

http://www.webmd.com/fitness-exercise/picture-of-the-biceps http://blairbones.web.officelive.com/images/elbow-1b.GIF

Wrists

http://images.ddccdn.com/cg/images/en2583797.jpg

http://www.eorthopod.com/images/ContentImages/wrist/wrist_intersection_syndrome/wrist_intersection_syndrome_anat02.jpg

References

• https://pantherfile.uwm.edu/gp/www/WileyBOOK.pdf

• M. Nordin and V. H. Frankel, Basic Biomechanics of the Musculoskeletal System, Third. Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, 2001.