Biomechanics of Major Joints
Dustyn Roberts NYU ITP Biomechanics for Interactive Design 3/22/2012
Bones
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bone
Muscle and Tendons
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Skeletal_muscle.jpg
Tendons attach muscle to bone
Ligaments
http://ehealthmd.com/content/what-anterior-cruciate-ligament
Ligaments attach bone to bone
Types of Joints
• Diarthroidal (Synovial)– Ball and socket (hip)– Hinge (knee)– Pivot (C1-C2, radius-ulna)– Ellipsoidal (radius-carpals)– Saddle
• Amphiarthroidal (cartilagenous)– Ribs-sternum
• Synarthroses (fibrous joints)– Between flat bones of skull
https://pantherfile.uwm.edu/gp/www/WileyBOOK.pdf
Synovial Joints
• Bones• Cartilage• Synovial Fluid• Joint capsule
https://pantherfile.uwm.edu/gp/www/WileyBOOK.pdf
Ankles
http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/images/ency/fullsize/19918.jpg
Basic Biomechanics Book
Also abduction/adduction and inversion/eversion
Knees
http://www.flickr.com/photos/bekathwia/3388655889/sizes/m/in/set-72157600956249951/
http://www.aclsolutions.com/images/Seif_knee%20anatomy01.jpg
http://sternlab.org/2009/03/plush-knee/
Hips
http://www.thingiverse.com/thing:2673http://www.norwellphysicaltherapy.com/Injuries-Conditions/Hip/Hip-Anatomy/a~299/article.html
Spine
http://www.bcchiro.com/bcca/images/yourbackbone.gif
http://www.scoi.com/images/scoi-spine.jpg
Shoulders
http://www.scoi.com/images/scoi-shoulder.jpg
http://img.webmd.com/dtmcms/live/webmd/consumer_assets/site_images/articles/image_article_collections/anatomy_pages/shoulder.jpg
Elbow
http://www.webmd.com/fitness-exercise/picture-of-the-biceps http://blairbones.web.officelive.com/images/elbow-1b.GIF
Wrists
http://images.ddccdn.com/cg/images/en2583797.jpg
http://www.eorthopod.com/images/ContentImages/wrist/wrist_intersection_syndrome/wrist_intersection_syndrome_anat02.jpg
References
• https://pantherfile.uwm.edu/gp/www/WileyBOOK.pdf
• M. Nordin and V. H. Frankel, Basic Biomechanics of the Musculoskeletal System, Third. Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, 2001.
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