Back to Basics

FIRE

Back - to - BasicsBack - to - Basics

Fire Alarm Seminar

FIRE

AgendaAgenda

What is a Fire Alarm System?n What is a Fire Alarm System?

n FA Circuits (Classes & Styles)

n Peripherals in Briefn Peripherals in Brief

n How to Wire a Building

n Voltage Drop Considerationsn Voltage Drop Considerations

n Old & Obsolete FA Panels and Concepts

AC Systemsz AC Systems

z Series Signals

z Obsolete Panels

FIRE

What is a Fire AlarmWhat is a Fire AlarmWhat is a Fire Alarm

FIRE

What is a Fire Alarm System?What is a Fire Alarm System?

n The main purpose of a fire alarm system is to protect life n The main purpose of a fire alarm system is to protect life and property by giving early warning of a fire, so that the occupants can evacuate and/or the Fire Department can respond.respond.

n A system must be able to detect the initiation of a fire condition, but also notify someone such as emergency condition, but also notify someone such as emergency personnel, the ocupants of the facility, or both.

FIRE

Fire Alarm System ComponentsFire Alarm System Components

n Fire Alarm Control Panel (FACP)n Fire Alarm Control Panel (FACP)

n Initiating Devices

n Notification Appliances

n Emergency Control

n Supplementary Equipmentn Supplementary Equipment

FIRE

Logic/Control

Fire Alarm Control Panel

User Interface

Program

IDCs

Power

NACs

AUXRelays


BATT

Program

Distribution

Hardware /

Software

Power

Supply

City

Ckt

Relays

Ckt

120 VAC

FIRE

Fire Alarm Control Panel ComponentsFire Alarm Control Panel Components

n Control Unitn Control Unit

n Initiating Device Circuits (IDCs)

n Notification Appliance Circuits (NACs)

n Auxiliary Circuits

n Power Supplyn Power Supply

FIRE


Logic/Control

User Interface

Program

IDC

SLC

NACs

AUXRelays


PowerPrimary Program

Distribution

Hardware /

Software City

Ckt

Relays

BATT

Power

SupplyPrimary

SecondaryCkt

120 VAC

FIRE

Initiating DevicesInitiating DevicesInitiating Devices

FIRE

NFPA Fire Alarm CircuitsNFPA Fire Alarm Circuits

n The National Fire Protection Association (NFPA) n The National Fire Protection Association (NFPA) classifies circuit Types and dictate their Performance

FIRE

NFPA Circuit TypesNFPA Circuit Types

n Initiating Device Circuits (IDC)n Initiating Device Circuits (IDC)

z A circuit to which automatic or manual initiating devices are connected where the signal received does devices are connected where the signal received does not identify the individual device operated

z “Zone”

FIRE

Outputs

Notification Appliances Inputs

Initiating Devices


Logic/Control Notification Appliances

and Emergency Controls

Initiating Devices

SMK DET Bells/Horns

User Interface

Program

IDCs

Power

NACs

AUXRelays


F

I

Manual Station

StrobePULL PULL PULL PULL

Simplex

BATT

Program

Distribution

Hardware /

Software

Power

Supply

City

Ckt

RelaysI

R

EWaterflow

Smoke ControlWF

Ckt

Sprinkler

TamperDoor Holders

Simplex

ZONE 1

ZONE 2

ZONE 3

ZONE 4

ZONE 5

ZONE 6

ZONE 7

ZONE 8

ZONE 9

ZONE 10

ZONE 11

ZONE 12 Fire Department

CRT/KBD or

PC Interface

Annunciators

Printer120 VAC

FIRE

Initiating DevicesInitiating Devices

n Manual Stationsn Manual Stations

n Automatic Fire Detectors

z Heat Detectors

PULL PULL PULL PULL

Simplex

z Heat Detectors

z Smoke Detectors

z Flame (UV/IR) Detectorsz Flame (UV/IR) Detectors

z Gas Detectors

n Water Flown Water Flow

n Supervisory Switches

z Sprinkler Valve Tamper

WF

z Sprinkler Valve Tamper

z Tank Water Level

FIRE

How They Work - Contact DevicesHow They Work - Contact Devices

Normal State

FIRE

How They Work - Contact DevicesHow They Work - Contact Devices

Normal State Alarm State

FIRE

How They Work - Current Limited DevicesHow They Work - Current Limited Devices

Normal State

Electronics

FIRE

How They Work - Current Limited DevicesHow They Work - Current Limited Devices

Normal State Alarm State

Electronics Electronics

FIRE

NFPA Fire Alarm CircuitsNFPA Fire Alarm Circuits

n Two basic circuit Classes existed prior to 1993n Two basic circuit Classes existed prior to 1993

z Class B - Non-redundant

z Class A - Redundantz Class A - Redundant

n In 1993 NFPA introduced circuit Styles in order to clarify the difference in circuit operation made available by new the difference in circuit operation made available by new hardware and software

FIRE

NFPA Wiring StylesNFPA Wiring Styles


z Class B (Style B)

PULL DOWNPULL DOWNPULL DOWNPULL DOWN

BREAK GLASSBREAK GLASSBREAK GLASSBREAK GLASS

FIREFIREFIREFIRE FIREFIREFIREFIRE







Simplex


Simplex


Simplex


CLASS B (Style B)

Normal Operation

IDC Module

+

_

Typical Normally Open

Device

2ND FLOOR NORTH HALLWAY

NORMAL

FIRE PRIORITY 2 SYSTEM SYSTEM ALARM POWER

NORMAL

ALARM

ACK

ALARM

ACK

SUPV

ACK

TBL

ACK

ALARM

SILENCE

SYSTEM

RESET

ALARM ALARM SUPERVISORY TROUBLE SILENCEDON

ACK ACK ACK ACK SILENCE RESET

ACKNOWLEDGE

Class B (Style B)Class B (Style B)

Alarm (SHORT) Operation

IDC Module

+

_

1ST FLOOR ELECTRICAL CLOSET ROOM 102

SMOKE DETECTOR ALARM


ALARM


SMOKE DETECTOR ALARMALARM

ALARM

ACK

ALARM

ACK

SUPV

ACK

TBL

ACK

ALARM

SILENCE

SYSTEM

RESET



ACKNOWLEDGE


Trouble (OPEN) Condition

IDC Module

+

_

Class B (Style B)

Trouble (OPEN) ConditionTrouble (OPEN) Condition

IDC Module

+

_

This device can not operate




TROUBLE


SMOKE DETECTOR ALARMTROUBLE

ALARM

ACK

ALARM

ACK

SUPV

ACK

TBL

ACK

ALARM

SILENCE

SYSTEM

RESET



ACKNOWLEDGE

FIRE



z Class A (Style D)

FIREFIREFIREFIRE FIREFIREFIREFIRE FIREFIREFIREFIRE FIREFIREFIREFIREFIREFIREFIREFIRE FIREFIREFIREFIRE

Simplex



Simplex



Simplex



Simplex SimplexSimplex

Class A (Style D)Class A (Style D)

Normal Operation

IDC Module

+

_


Alarm (SHORT) Operation

IDC Module

++

__


Trouble (OPEN) Condition

IDC Module

++*

__

*

* Contacts Close on * Contacts Close on

Trouble Condition


Trouble & Alarm Condition

IDC Module

++*

__

*

* Contacts Close on * Contacts Close on

Trouble Condition

FIRE


n Initiating Device Circuits (IDC) n Initiating Device Circuits (IDC)

z Class B (Style B)

Smoke Detectors - 4 wireSmoke Detectors - 4 wire

Relay Base

Class B (Style B)

Normal OperationNormal Operation

Resetable +R

_

R

E

L

A

Y

Power Circuit

IDC Zone

_

IDC Zone

++

_Zone Circuit

Form C Aux Contacts

Class B (Style B)

Trouble ConditionTrouble Condition

Resetable +R

_

R

E

L

A

Y

IDC Zone

_

IDC Zone

++

_

FIRE



z Class B (Style B)

Smoke Detectors - 2 wire (Current Limited)


Normal Operation

IDC ModuleIDC Module

+

_

Form A Aux ContactsMicro−Relay


Alarm Condition

IDC ModuleIDC Module

+

_

FIRE

Current Limited (2-wire) LimitationsCurrent Limited (2-wire) Limitations

n Fire alarm panels are designed to work with specific n Fire alarm panels are designed to work with specific types of 2-wire Detectors

n There is a limitation to the Quantity of detectors n There is a limitation to the Quantity of detectors which can be placed on a single circuit

n Only auxiliary output function can be guaranteed on a single circuit Only auxiliary output function can be guaranteed on a single circuit

Smoke Detectors - 2 wire (Current Limited)

FIRE



z Class B (Style B)

Sprinkler

Combination Circuits

Sprinkler

Tamper

WF

FIRE

This would cause a trouble signal

Old School

Not Allowed

This would cause a trouble signal

Must be a Supervisory signal

+

_

WFWF

Class B (Style B)

Normal ConditionNormal Condition

IDC Module

WF

IDC Module

+

_

Class B (Style B)

Valve Tamper ConditionValve Tamper Condition

IDC Module

WF

IDC Module

+

_



MAIN RISER - EAST ENTRANCE


SMOKE DETECTOR ALARMSUPERVTAMPER

ALARM

ACK

ALARM

ACK

SUPV

ACK

TBL

ACK

ALARM

SILENCE

SYSTEM

RESET



ACKNOWLEDGE

Class B (Style B)

Waterflow ConditionWaterflow Condition

IDC Module

WF

IDC Module

+

_



MAIN RISER - EAST ENTRANCE


SMOKE DETECTOR ALARMALARMWATERFLOW

ALARM

ACK

ALARM

ACK

SUPV

ACK

TBL

ACK

ALARM

SILENCE

SYSTEM

RESET



ACKNOWLEDGE

FIRE

+Tamper Supervisory

_

+Waterflow Alarm

WF_

Waterflow Alarm

_

FIRE

Notification AppliancesNotification AppliancesNotification Appliances

FIRE


n Notification Appliance Circuits (NAC)n Notification Appliance Circuits (NAC)

z A circuit or path directly connected to a notification appliance(s)appliance(s)

FIRE

Outputs


Initiating Devices




Initiating Devices

SMK DET Bells/Horns

User Interface

Program

IDCs

Power

NACs

AUXRelays


PULL PULL PULL PULL

Simplex

Manual Station

Strobe

F

I

BATT

Program

Distribution

Hardware /

Software

Power

Supply

City

Ckt

Relays

WF

Waterflow

Smoke Control

I

R

E

Ckt

Sprinkler

TamperDoor Holders

Simplex

ZONE 1

ZONE 2

ZONE 3

ZONE 4

ZONE 5

ZONE 6

ZONE 7

ZONE 8

ZONE 9

ZONE 10

ZONE 11


CRT/KBD or

PC Interface

Annunciators

Printer120 VAC

FIRE

Notification Appliances

n Audibles

Notification Appliances

n Audibles

z Horns

z Bells/Chimes

Speakersz Speakers

n Visuals

Xenon Strobesz Xenon Strobesy Non-synchronizedy Synchronized

n Combination Devices

n Firefighter’s Telephones

FIRE

How They Work - DC Devices How They Work - DC Devices (Horns, Bells, Strobes, etc.)

-Normal State -

+

- +

-

-

-

+CCCCathode- -

+ ++

++

-AAAAnode

+ -

FIRE

How They Work - DC Devices (Horns, How They Work - DC Devices (Horns, Bells, Strobes, etc.)

+-Normal State

Supervisory Mode

Monitor Mode

Activated State

Alarm Mode

+-Monitor Mode

-+

FIRE

How They Work - AC Devices (Speakers)How They Work - AC Devices (Speakers)

-Normal State -

+

-Current

- CCCCathode

-

- 0.000.000.000.00

24 VDC24 VDC24 VDC24 VDC +

-

24 VDC24 VDC24 VDC24 VDC

0.000.000.000.00

++ AAAAnode

+ EOLValue

+

Resistance

0.00Value

Resistance

-- CCCCathode

-


++ AAAAnode

++

Alarm Mode = Alarm Mode = Alarm Mode = Alarm Mode = Remove DC monitoring and Output Signal (AC)

--


++

Audio SignalAudio SignalAudio SignalAudio SignalAudio SignalAudio SignalAudio SignalAudio Signal

FIRE


--Normal State

+

FIRE


-Normal State Activated State AC-

AC+

FIRE



z Class B (Style Y)

Class B (Style Y)


NAC Module

_

++


NORMALSIGNALS


NORMALSIGNALS

ALARM

ACK

ALARM

ACK

SUPV

ACK

TBL

ACK

ALARM

SILENCE

SYSTEM

RESET



ACKNOWLEDGE

Class B (Style Y)

Alarm ConditionAlarm Condition

NAC Module

+

__

Class B (Style Y)


NAC Module

_

++

This device can not operate




TROUBLESIGNALS


SMOKE DETECTOR ALARMTROUBLESIGNALS

ALARM

ACK

ALARM

ACK

SUPV

ACK

TBL

ACK

ALARM

SILENCE

SYSTEM

RESET



ACKNOWLEDGE

Class B (Style Y)


NAC Module

+

__

FIRE



z Class A (Style Z)

Class A (Style Z)


NAC Module

_

++

Class A (Style Z)


NAC Module

+*

__

*

* Contacts Close on

Alarm Condition

Class A (Style Z)


NAC Module

_

++

Class A (Style Z)

Trouble & Alarm ConditionTrouble & Alarm Condition

NAC Module

+*

__

*

* Contacts Close on

Alarm Condition

FIRE

Phone Circuit

+

Phone JackPhone JackPhone JackPhone Jack

5k EOL5k EOL5k EOL5k EOL

_

5k EOL5k EOL5k EOL5k EOL

300 300 300 300 Ω

_

5k EOL = Normal5k EOL = Normal300 Ω = Phone plugged inOpen = TroubleShort = TroubleShort = TroubleGF = Trouble

FIRE

Signaling LinesSignaling LinesSignaling Lines

FIRE


n Signaling Line Circuits (SLC)n Signaling Line Circuits (SLC)

z A circuit or path between any combination of circuit interfaces, control units, or transmitters over which interfaces, control units, or transmitters over which multiple system input signals or output signals, or both are carried

FIRE



z Class B (Style 4)

Addressable Systems

Class B (Style 4)

Normal OperationAddressable SystemsNormal Operation

Control Panel Interrogation

101 102 103 104

101 What is your status?

FACP MemoryFACP Memory

101 Normal

102 Alarm

103 Trouble

104 Trouble

Addressable Systems

Class B (Style 4)


101 102 103 104FACP Memory

101 Status: Normal

FACP Memory

101 Normal

102 Alarm

103 Trouble

104 Trouble

Device Response

Addressable Systems

Class B (Style 4)



101 102 103 104FACP Memory


FACP Memory

101 Normal

102 Alarm

103 Trouble

104 Trouble

Addressable Systems

Class B (Style 4)


101 102 103 104FACP MemoryFACP Memory

101 Normal

102 Alarm

103 Trouble

104 Trouble

102 Status: Alarm

Device Response

Addressable Systems

Class B (Style 4)



101 102 103 104FACP Memory


FACP Memory

101 Normal

102 Alarm

103 Trouble

104 Trouble

Addressable Systems

Class B (Style 4)


101 102 103 104FACP Memory

103 Status: Trouble

FACP Memory

101 Normal

102 Alarm

103 Trouble

104 Trouble

Device Response

Addressable Systems

Class B (Style 4)



101 102 103 104FACP Memory


FACP Memory

101 Normal

102 Alarm

103 Trouble

104 Trouble

Addressable Systems

Class B (Style 4)



101 Normal

102 Alarm

103 Trouble

104 Normal

104 Status: Normal

Device Response

Addressable Systems

Class B (Style 4)

Trouble ConditionAddressable SystemsTrouble Condition


101


FACP Memory102 103 104

FACP Memory

101 Normal

102 Alarm

103 Trouble

104 Trouble

Addressable Systems

Class B (Style 4)


101FACP Memory

102 103 104

101 Status: Normal

FACP Memory

101 Normal

102 Alarm

103 Trouble

104 Trouble

Device Response

Addressable Systems

Class B (Style 4)



101FACP Memory

102 103 104


FACP Memory

101 Normal

102 Alarm

103 Trouble

104 Trouble

Addressable Systems

Class B (Style 4)


101FACP Memory

102 103 104FACP Memory

101 Normal

102 Alarm

103 Trouble

104 Trouble

102 Status: Alarm

Device Response

Addressable Systems

Class B (Style 4)



101FACP Memory

102 103 104


FACP Memory

101 Normal

102 Alarm

103 Trouble

104 Trouble

Addressable Systems

Class B (Style 4)


101FACP Memory


101 Normal

102 Alarm

103 No Answer

104 Trouble

Device Response

Addressable Systems

Class B (Style 4)



101FACP Memory

102 103 104


FACP Memory

101 Normal

102 Alarm

103 No Answer

104 Trouble

Addressable Systems

Class B (Style 4)


101 102FACP Memory


101 Normal

102 Alarm

103 No Answer

104 No Answer

Device Response

FIRE



z Class A (Style 6)

Addressable Systems

Class A (Style 6)

Trouble Condition - OPENAddressable SystemsTrouble Condition - OPEN


101 102 103 104


FACP MemoryFACP Memory

101 Normal

102 Alarm

103 Trouble

104 Trouble

Addressable Systems

Class A (Style 6)


101 102 103 104FACP Memory

101 Status: Normal

FACP Memory

101 Normal

102 Alarm

103 Trouble

104 Trouble

Device Response

Addressable Systems

Class A (Style 6)



101 102 103 104FACP Memory


FACP Memory

101 Normal

102 Alarm

103 Trouble

104 Trouble

Addressable Systems

Class A (Style 6)



101 Normal

102 Alarm

103 Trouble

104 Trouble

102 Status: Alarm

Device Response

Addressable Systems

Class A (Style 6)




101 Normal

102 Alarm

103 Trouble

104 Trouble


Addressable Systems

Class A (Style 6)



101 Normal

102 Alarm

103 Trouble

104 Trouble

Device Response

103 Status: Trouble

Addressable Systems

Class A (Style 6)




101 Normal

102 Alarm

103 Trouble

104 Trouble


Addressable Systems

Class A (Style 6)



101 Normal

102 Alarm

103 Trouble

104 Normal

Device Response

104 Status: Normal

Addressable Systems

Class A (Style 6)

Trouble Condition - SHORTAddressable SystemsTrouble Condition - SHORT


101 No Answer

102 No Answer

103 No Answer

104 No Answer SLC FailureSLC Failure

Catastrophic FailureCatastrophic Failure

FIRE

Style 7 (Class A) Network

Signalling Line Circuit, Normal Operation

FIRE

Token


Signalling Line Circuit, Normal Operation

FIRE

Token

Style 7 (Class A) NetworkStyle 7 (Class A) Network

Signalling Line Circuit, Operation With a Single Short or

Open

FIRE

TokenToken

Token


Signalling Line Circuit, Operation with Multiple Shorts

or Opens

MODULESMODULES

n MONITORn MONITOR

n RELAY

n SIGNAL

n MONITORn MONITOR

n Relay Module, n Relay Module,

z Control Module, Control ZAM

n Signal n Signal Module

n Signaln Signal

n MONITORn MONITOR

FIRE

n MONITORn MONITOR

n MONITORn MONITOR

FIRE

Addressable Devices - IAMAddressable Devices - IAM

n Individual Addressable Modulen Individual Addressable Module

z Addressable Station

z Addressable Basez Addressable Base

y Photo

y Ionization

y Heat

z Supervised IAM

y Monitors a single conventional contact devicey Monitors a single conventional contact device

z IAM Relay (ID Net only)

Obtains operating power from SLCn Obtains operating power from SLC

Supervised IAM

SLC

+

_

Typical Normally Open

Device

FIRE

Addressable Devices - ZAMAddressable Devices - ZAM

n Zone Addressable Modulen Zone Addressable Module

z Interfaces with a Zone of Conventional Devices

z Monitoring Devicesz Monitoring Devices

y Class B Monitor ZAM

y Class A Monitor ZAM

y 4-Wire Monitor ZAM

z Control Devices

y Unsupervised Control ZAMy Unsupervised Control ZAM

y Supervised Signal ZAM

n Obtains operating power from a separate sourcen Obtains operating power from a separate source

Class B Monitor ZAM

+

_

+

Operating

Power

SLC

_

+

_

Class A Monitor ZAM

+

_

+

Operating

Power

SLC

_

+

_

4-Wire Monitor ZAM

R++

R

E

L

A

Y

Resetable

Power

_

+

_

+

Operating

Power

SLC

__

++

_

Control ZAM

+ Normally

_

+

Operating

Power

Normally

Open

Normally

Closed

SLC

_ Closed

1 RelayNormally

Open

1 Relay

Open

Normally

Closed

Signal ZAM

+

_

+

Operating

Power

SLC

__

+SIGNAL

Power

+

INTELLIGENT DEVICESINTELLIGENT DEVICES

MODULESMODULES

n MONITORn MONITOR

n RELAY

n SIGNAL

Single Input Contact Module

SIGA-CT1SIGA-CT1

n Four Assignable Personalities

z Alarm, Supervisory, Waterflow (delayed latching retard), MonitorMonitor

n 1-gang Mount

Dual Input Contact Module

SIGA-CT2SIGA-CT2

n Four Separate Assignable Personalities to Each InputPersonalities to Each Input

z Alarm, Supervisory, Waterflow (delayed latching retard), (delayed latching retard), Monitor

n 1-gang Mountn 1-gang Mount

Monitor ModuleMonitor Module

SIGA-MM1

n Factory Pre-loaded Monitor n Factory Pre-loaded Monitor Function

z Saves installation timez Saves installation time

n 1-gang Mount

Waterflow/Tamper ModuleWaterflow/Tamper Module

SIGA-WTMSIGA-WTM

n Factory Pre-loaded Waterflow n Factory Pre-loaded Waterflow (16 second delayed latching retard) and Supervisory Input

z Saves installation time

n 1-gang Mountn 1-gang Mount

Single Circuit Control Module

SIGA-CC1SIGA-CC1

n Single Riser Selectn Switch Signal Riser

z 2 amps @ 24 Vdc

n Two Assignable Personalities

z 2 amps @ 24 Vdc

z 50 watts @ 25 Vaudio

35 watts @ 70VaudioPersonalities

n Switch Telphone Riser

z Built-in RING TONE

z 35 watts @ 70Vaudio

z Built-in RING TONE generator for fire phones

n 2-gang Mount

Dual Circuit Control ModuleDual Circuit Control Module

SIGA-CC2

Dual Riser Selectn Dual Riser Select

n Select Signal Risern Select Signal Riser

z 2 amps @ 24 Vdc

z 50 watts @ 25 Vaudioz 50 watts @ 25 Vaudio

z 35 watts @ 70Vaudio

n 2-gang Mount

Control RelayControl Relay

SIGA-CR

Form “C” NO or NC Contactn Form “C” NO or NC Contact

z 0.5 amps @ 220 Vac (non UL)

z 0.5 amps @ 120 Vac

z 2 amps (pilot duty) @ 24 Vdc

z 50 watts @ 25 Vaudio

z 35 watts @ 70 Vaudioz 35 watts @ 70 Vaudio

n 1-gang Mount

Universal Class A/B Module

15 Assignable Personalities15 Assignable Personalities

z Two Class B or one Class A Initiating Device Circuits

SIGA-UMInitiating Device Circuits

z One Class A or B Indicating Appliance Circuit

z One Class A or B Smoke Detector Circuit (2-wire verified or non-verified)or non-verified)

z One Form “C” Dry Contact Relay

FIRE

Emergency ControlsEmergency ControlsEmergency Controls

FIRE

Outputs


Initiating Devices




Initiating Devices

SMK DET Bells/Horns

User Interface

Program

IDCs

Power

NACs

AUXRelays


F

I

PULL PULL PULL PULL

Simplex

Manual Station

Strobe

BATT

Program

Distribution

Hardware /

Software

Power

Supply

City

Ckt

RelaysI

R

E

WF

Waterflow

Smoke Control

Ckt

Sprinkler

TamperDoor Holders

Simplex

ZONE 1

ZONE 2

ZONE 3

ZONE 4

ZONE 5

ZONE 6

ZONE 7

ZONE 8

ZONE 9

ZONE 10

ZONE 11


CRT/KBD or

PC Interface

Annunciators

Printer120 VAC

FIRE

Emergency Controls (Outputs)Emergency Controls (Outputs)

n Supervisedn Supervised

z City Connection

z UUKL Smoke Controlz UUKL Smoke Control

n Unsupervised

z Door Control (Holders & Locks)

z Smoke (Fan & Damper) Control

z Elevator Recall

z Emergency Lighting Control

FIRE

City ConnectionsCity ConnectionsCity Connections

Contact DACTContact DACT

FIRE

Conventional

Contact

Monitoring

DACTDACT

FIRE

“ABC CORPORATION ALARM”“ABC CORPORATION ALARM”

Conventional

Contact

Monitoring

DACTDACT

FIRE

City ConnectionsCity ConnectionsCity Connections

Serial DACTSerial DACT

FIRE

SERIAL

DACT

FIRE

“ABC CORPORATION

SMOKE DETECTOR ALARMSMOKE DETECTOR ALARM

THIRD FLOOR EAST STORAGE CLOSET”

SERIAL

DACT

FIRE

Supplementary Supplementary Supplementary

EquipmentEquipment

FIRE

Outputs


Initiating Devices




Initiating Devices

SMK DET Bells/Horns

User Interface

Program

IDCs

Power

NACs

AUXRelays


F

I

PULL PULL PULL PULL

Simplex

Manual Station

Strobe

BATT

Program

Distribution

Hardware /

Software

Power

Supply

City

Ckt

RelaysI

R

E

WF

Waterflow

Smoke Control

Ckt

Sprinkler

TamperDoor Holders

Fire Department

ZONE 1

ZONE 2

ZONE 3

ZONE 4

ZONE 5

ZONE 6

ZONE 7

ZONE 8

ZONE 9

ZONE 10

ZONE 11

ZONE 12

Simplex

CRT/KBD or

PC Interface

Annunciators

Printer120 VAC

FIRE

Supplementary Equipment - AnnunciatorsSupplementary Equipment - Annunciators

n Graphic or Directory Lamp AnnunciatorsZONE 1 ZONE 5 ZONE 9

n Graphic or Directory Lamp Annunciators

n Computer Based Graphic Systems

ZONE 1

ZONE 2

ZONE 3

ZONE 4

ZONE 5

ZONE 6

ZONE 7

ZONE 8

ZONE 9

ZONE 10

ZONE 11

ZONE 12

n Text-based CRTsSimplex

n Text-based Printers

FIRE

Basic AnnunciatorsBasic Annunciators

n Hardwiredn Hardwired

z One Wire and Common per Point

ZONE 1 ZONE 5 ZONE 9

Simplex

ZONE 2

ZONE 3

ZONE 4

ZONE 6

ZONE 7

ZONE 8

ZONE 10

ZONE 11

ZONE 12

FIRE ALARM CONTROL

FIRE


n Serial Annunciatorn Serial Annunciator

z Twisted/Sheilded Wiring (Communications)

z Powerz Power

y 120 VAC

y 24 VDC

Simplex

ZONE 1 ZONE 5 ZONE 9

FIRE ALARM CONTROL

ZONE 1

ZONE 2

ZONE 3

ZONE 4

ZONE 5

ZONE 6

ZONE 7

ZONE 8

ZONE 9

ZONE 10

ZONE 11

ZONE 12

FIRE ALARM CONTROL

FIRE


n CRTs, Printers, PC Based Graphicsn CRTs, Printers, PC Based Graphics

z Twisted/Sheilded Wiring (Communications)

z Powerz Power

y 120 VAC

y 24 VDC

Simplex

FIRE ALARM CONTROL

120 VAC

FIRE ALARM CONTROL

FIRE

Basic Basic Basic

PeripherialsPeripherials

FIRE

Peripherals - Manual DevicesPeripherals - Manual Devices

n Manual Stationsn Manual Stations

z Conventional & Addressable

z Single or Double Actionz Single or Double Action

z Standard material - Lexan (Plastic)

y Limited choice of Metal models availabley Limited choice of Metal models available

n Valve Tamper

z Typically Supplied by Othersz Typically Supplied by Others

FIRE

Peripherals - Automatic DevicesPeripherals - Automatic Devices

n Smoke Detectorsn Smoke Detectors

z Photoelectric

z Ionizationz Ionization

z Beam

z Air Aspiration (VESDA)

z Ductz Duct

n Heat

Fixedz Fixed

z Rate-of-Rise

z Combinationz Combination

z Rate Compensated

FIRE

Peripherals - Automatic DevicesPeripherals - Automatic Devices

n Waterflown Waterflow

z Typically supplied by others

n Flame Detectors

FIRE

Peripherals - Audible AppliancesPeripherals - Audible Appliances

n Hornsn Horns

n Bells

n Chimes

n Speakers

z 25 VRMS

z 70 VRMS

FIRE

Peripherals - Visual AppliancesPeripherals - Visual Appliances

n XENONn XENON

y 15 cd

y 30 cd

y 110 cd

n Combined with Audible (AV)n Combined with Audible (AV)

n Synchronized Option

z Requires a “Sync Cube”z Requires a “Sync Cube”

FIRE

Miscellaneous DevicesMiscellaneous Devices

n Door Holdersn Door Holders

z Watch Voltage Requirements

y 24 volt units require Power Suppliesy 24 volt units require Power Supplies

n Relays

n Firefighter Phones

z Jacksz Jacks

z Emergency Phones in Cabinet

FIRE

How to Wire a How to Wire a How to Wire a

BuildingBuilding

IDC Module

+

IDC Module

+

_

RightIDC Module

+

IDC Module

+

_

WrongIDC Module

+

IDC Module

+

_

RightIDC Module

+

IDC Module

+

_

RightNAC ModuleNAC Module

+

_

FIRE

PROPER WIRING TERMINATIONS PROPER WIRING TERMINATIONS FOR HARDWIRED CIRCUITS

Conductors must be broken at each

device termination (Incoming & device termination (Incoming &

Outgoing conductors must not be

twisted together or left as a continuous twisted together or left as a continuous

wire)

No T-Taps

FIRE

Pg. 72-99

Annex G Annex G

FIRE

ShieldingShielding

Most digital communication ckts require a twisted

shielded pair (TSP) of wires. Shielding usually

consist of a foil shield and a drain wire which is inconsist of a foil shield and a drain wire which is in

continuous contact with the foil. Shielding prevents

cross-talk between other circuits run next to the cable,cross-talk between other circuits run next to the cable,

shields against EMI or RFI noise or interference that

could be induced from the surroundings and helps tocould be induced from the surroundings and helps to

prevent the shielded circuit from emitting noise that

could interfere with other circuits.

FIRE

Shielding

Shielding

1. When joints or connections are made, as little of the

cable as possible should be stripped back so that only a

small amount of the wiring will be unshielded.small amount of the wiring will be unshielded.

The shield must be continuous throughout the ckt. In2. The shield must be continuous throughout the ckt. In

other words, the drain (shield) wires must be tied together

with a good mechanical bond at every cable joint orwith a good mechanical bond at every cable joint or

splice.

FIRE

Shielding

1. The shield MUST be isolated from ground throughout

the ckt. Usually this is done with electrical tape but it may

be done with heat shrink. The shield is only tied to abe done with heat shrink. The shield is only tied to a

signal ground at one point (usually at the control panel).

This signal ground is sometimes earth ground and

sometimes 0V or system common.sometimes 0V or system common.

. Grounds at more than one point on the shield

can cause ground loops. This may create more

noise than having no shield at all.

FIRE

National Electrical Code (NEC)National Electrical Code (NEC)

n 1993 Editionn 1993 Edition

n Article 760 Fire Protective Signaling Circuits

z Scope & General 760-1 to 760-7

z Nonpower-Limited 760-11 to 760-18

z Power Limited 760-21 to 760-53

FIRE

Power Limited CircuitsPower Limited Circuits

n Operate between 20 VDC and 250 VDCn Operate between 20 VDC and 250 VDC

z Circuits are limited to 100 Volt-Amperes (VA)

n Power limiting is accomplished by use of proper power source

A power limited source can be:n A power limited source can be:

z A circuit breaker or fuse if:y The overcurrent device is not interchangeable with higher y The overcurrent device is not interchangeable with higher rated device

y The overcurrent device is located where the conductor to be protected receives its supply

z An inherently limited power supplyy No output power is provided if the output is shorted

FIRE

Power Limited Control PanelsPower Limited Control Panels

n Circuit Marking (NEC 760-22):n Circuit Marking (NEC 760-22):

z The equipment shall be durably marked where plainly visible to indicate each circuit that is a power-limited circuit. visible to indicate each circuit that is a power-limited circuit.

n If the circuits are not marked “Power Limited”, the system must be considered Non-Power Limited.must be considered Non-Power Limited.

FIRE

Power Limited vs. Non-Power Limited Power Limited vs. Non-Power Limited (Exposed Wiring)

Power Limited Non-Power LimitedPower Limited

n Single conductors are allowed (Table 760-51)

Non-Power Limited

n 2 conductors minimum (760-17(c)(2)

n Minimum conductor size in cable

z #26 AWG (Table 760-51)

n Minimum conductor size in cable:

z #18AWGz #26 AWG (Table 760-51)

n FPLP Cable Installation

z Plenums

z #18AWG

n NPLFP Cable Installation

z Other spaces used for z Plenums

z DUCTs

z Other spaces used for environmental air

z Other spaces used for environmental air

n No cable substitutions are allowedenvironmental air

n Cable substitutions are allowed (Table 760-53)

allowed

FIRE

Fire Protective Signaling CablesFire Protective Signaling Cables

Non-power limited cablesn Non-power limited cables

z NEC 760 - 17(c) (4, 5, & 6)

n Power limited cables

z NEC 760 - 51(d, e, & f)Power Non-Power

Application Limited Limited

General Use FPL NPLF

Riser (Vertical Runs) FPLR NPLFR

Plenum or DUCT [NEC 300-22(b)] FPLP Use conduit

Other spaces used to transport Environmental air [NEC 300-22(c)] FPLP NPLFP

FIRE

Wiring ConsiderationsWiring Considerations

Voltage Drop & DistancesVoltage Drop & Distances

FIRE

Wire Distance LimitationsWire Distance Limitations

n Initiating Device Circuits:#14 = 3.07Ω / 1000 Feetn Initiating Device Circuits:

z 8 Zone Monitor modules - Class B (Style B)

y 10,000 feet or 50 ohms, whichever comes first

#14 = 3.07Ω / 1000 Feet

50 / 3.07 = 16.3

16.3 x 1000 = 16300y 10,000 feet or 50 ohms, whichever comes first

y 2-wire smoke detector circuits: 50 ohms max. line resistance

y Dry contact only circuits: 800 ohms max. line resistance

8 Zone Monitor Modules - Class A (Style D)

16.3 x 1000 = 16300

16300 / 2 = 8150 Ckt Length

z 8 Zone Monitor Modules - Class A (Style D)

y 10,000 feet from module and back to the module or 50 ohms, whichever comes first (5,000 feet to furthest device)

FIRE


n Monitor Zone Addressable Module (ZAM)n Monitor Zone Addressable Module (ZAM)

z Class B (Style B)

y 2,000 feet or 10 ohms, whichever comes firsty 2,000 feet or 10 ohms, whichever comes first

z Class A (Style D)

y 2,000 feet or 10 ohms, whichever comes first, from ZAM terminals and back to the ZAM terminalsterminals and back to the ZAM terminals

y 2000 feet from module and back to the module or 10 ohms, whichever comes first (1,000 feet to furthest device)

n Wire Guage

z 18 AWG minimumz 18 AWG minimum

z 12 AWG maximum

FIRE


n MAPNET & IDNetn MAPNET & IDNet

z Class B (Style 4)

y 10,000 feet maximum of all wire runs including:y 10,000 feet maximum of all wire runs including:

y All T-taps

y Parallel runs

y For each continuous run:y For each continuous run:

y 2,500 feet for up to 250 IDNet devices

y 2,500 feet for up to 128 MAPNET devices

3,000 feet for up to 96 MAPNET devicesy 3,000 feet for up to 96 MAPNET devices


y When run exceeds 2,500 feet twisted shielded wiring is required.required.

FIRE


n MAPNETn MAPNET

z Class A (Style 6)

y No T-tapping is allowedy No T-tapping is allowed

y For each continuous run from FACP and back:


y 1250 feet to furthest devicey 1250 feet to furthest device


y 1500 feet to furthest device

4,000 feet for up to 64 MAPNET devicesy 4,000 feet for up to 64 MAPNET devices

y 2000 feet to furthest device

y When run exceeds 2,500 feet twisted shielded wiring is required.required.

FIRE



z Audibles & Visuals

MaximumMaximum

Circuit Line Maximum distance (feet)

Current Resistance (2 conductor cable)

(amps) (Ω) 18AWG 16AWG 14AWG 12AWG

0.250 10.8 845 1340 2138 3400

0.500 5.4 420 670 1065 1700

0.750 3.6 280 445 710 1130

1.000 2.7 210 335 530 8501.000 2.7 210 335 530 850

1.250 2.16 165 265 425 680

1.500 1.8 140 220 350 565

1.750 1.54 120 190 300 480

2.000 1.35 105 165 265 4252.000 1.35 105 165 265 425

FIRE



z Speakers

z 25 VRMSz 25 VRMS

Maximum Distance (feet)

25VRMS POWER (Twisted Pair Wire)25VRMS POWER (Twisted Pair Wire)

APPLIED 18AWG 16AWG 14AWG 12AWG

50W 400 680 1021 1624

40W 505 804 1279 2033

30W 673 1070 1704 2707

20W 1011 1608 2558 4067

10W 2024 3219 5120 8140

FIRE



z Speakers

z 70 VRMSz 70 VRMSMaximum Distance (feet)

70VRMS POWER (Twisted Pair W ire)

APPLIED 18AWG 16AWG 14AWG 12AWG

100W 1620 2577 4098 6500100W 1620 2577 4098 6500

80W 2020 3212 5108 8121

70W 2317 3685 5860 9318

60W 2700 4276 6800 10860

50W 3241 5154 8197 1300050W 3241 5154 8197 13000

40W 4040 6424 10216 16243

30W 5379 8553 13602 21721

20W 8065 12823 20394 32424

10W 16000 25000 40000 6480010W 16000 25000 40000 64800

FIRE

Old StuffOld StuffOld Stuff

FIRE

Series Notification Circuits (AC)Series Notification Circuits (AC)

n Works like inexpensive Christmas lights… n Works like inexpensive Christmas lights… One fails, they all fail

z 120 VACz 120 VAC

y Horns, Bells, Chimes

z 300+ Volt Audio

y Speakers

n All devices must be replaced when upgrading systemAll devices must be replaced when upgrading system

FIRE

Series Notification Circuits (AC)Series Notification Circuits (AC)(Normal Condition)

120VACVAC

NEUT

Trouble Monitor

Circuit

Series ACNAC ModuleNAC Module

RightNAC ModuleNAC Module

+

_

Need Additional Wiring

FIRE

4246/4247 AC FACP4246/4247 AC FACP

FIRE

4246/4247 AC FACP4246/4247 AC FACP

n Introduced ?????? n Introduced ??????

n All Peripherals operate on 120 VAC

z No Standby Batteries

n ONE IDCn ONE IDC

n 2- Series Wired NACs

z Built in groups of 2z Built in groups of 2

n Boxes not compatible with and current panelspanels

FIRE

4208 Hardwired FACP4208 Hardwired FACP

n Introduced in early 1970sn Introduced in early 1970s

n First Multi-zone FACP

n Not Programmable

n MOST features duplicated in 4XXX series panels

z Watch for AC Series NACs

n Boxes not compatible with and current panels

FIRE


n Introduced in 1974n Introduced in 1974

n Transistor based replacment for the 4208

n Not Programmable



n Boxes not compatible with and current panels

FIRE


FIRE


n Introduced in late 1978n Introduced in late 1978

z Workhorse FACP for 15 yrs!

n Modular-based replacement of 4207

n Sometimes packaged with 2100 & 2120 Multiplex n Sometimes packaged with 2100 & 2120 Multiplex Systems

n Not Programmable



n 2, 4, & 6 unit Boxes not compatible with 4XXX series panels

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