Name : Siti yaumilia salsa

No. Id : 13.036

Major : architecture

Subject : Tropical architecture

Architecture and climate

Effect of climate in architecture:

1. Building arrangement 2. Building form 3. Facade 4. Roof 5. Building orientation 6. Space organisation 7. Building material 8. Heating and cooling

1.Building arrangement

Temperate climate

Building are attached one to another (has no space) to minimise heating

Humid tropics

Buildings are arranged spreadly to enhance natural ventilation

2.Building form

Tropical climate

swalow building plans, to optimise natural ventilation and natural light.

Temperate climate

deep building plans, to minimise heating

Cold climate

building has to limit its opening to prevent cold wind In the absence of wind, rooom in side igloo cold. Reach temperature up to 20o c

3. Facade

Facade is generally one exterior side of a building, usually, but not always, the front. In architecture, the facade of a building is often the most important aspect from a design standpoint, as it sets the tone for the rest of the building.

Tropical climate:

Sunn’s shading are required to protect building’s facade

Temperate climate

Sun’s shading on building’s facade are to be avoided to allow direct sun’s rays to penetrate the building, this building. Which is necessary to raise indoor tempratures.

4.Roof

part of a building envelope, both the covering on the uppermost part of a building or shelter which provides protection from the weather, notably rain, but also heat, wind and sunlight; and the framing or structure which supports the covering

Tropical climate

Overhanges are needed in designing the roof to protect either unwanted direct sun’s radiation and heavy rain

Temperate climate

Overhanges are not required

5. Building orientation

Building orientation is the practice of facing a building so as to maximize certain aspects of its surroundings, such as street appeal, to capture a scenic view, for drainage considerations, etc. With rising energy costs, it’s becoming increasingly important for builders to orient buildings to capitalize on the Sun’s free energy. For homeowners, it will increase their indoor comfort and reduce their energy bills.

Tropical climate

Building shall be oriented to such particular direction to avoid direct sun’s radiation in the equatorial region, due to the strong sun’s radiation, west orientation shall be avoided. Particularly the absent of shading.

Shading must be provided properly even in the north. South sides to avoid direct sun’s radiation impinging the walls and windows.

Temperate climate

In the northem hemisphere, buildings shall be oriented to the south to get better sun’s radiation

In the southem hemisphere, building shall be orientated opposite, thats is to the north to get better sun’s radiation.

include the possibility of cross ventilation in summer

6. Space organisation

the influence of the spatial environment on humans in and around organizations

Tropical climate

Spaces are organised in such a was to Avoid the heat Temperate climate

To allow the heat

7.Building material

Building material is any material which is used for construction purposes. The selection of materials for your home is one of the most important decisions you will have to make with regards to both maximising

energy efficiency and minimising your environmental impact.

Tropical climate

Buildings use thin materials for the outsite walls and roofs. Because the difference between outdoor and indoor tempratures tends to be smalls. The use of light or

semi solid walls are to allow natural.

Temperate climate

In temperate climate the appropriate use of dense materials such as brick, concrete and stone, is used to store the sun’s heat on winter days and release it back into the home at night. These heavy materials are also used to absorb excess heat during the day in summer, then at night using the cooling breeze to remove this heat (the correct amount and location of these heavy materials is important).

8.Heating and cooling requirements

Tropical climate

In the lowland, tempratures are relatively high, so need be cooled.

Temprate climate

Due to the averange ambient tempratures which are lower than comfort zone, heating (providing fire/ chimneys) is required for buildings to provide comfortable environtment inside the building.

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Building_material

http://www.sustainablemandurah.com.au/before-you-start-2/existing-homes/choosing-your-materials/

Building Orientation for Optimum Energy - InterNACHI http://www.nachi.org/building-orientation-optimum-energy.htm#ixzz2qCPfEKhR

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Facade

https://www.google.co.id/search

http://alpha-arch2.blogspot.com/2012/04/following-climate-factors-are-important.html http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Organizational_architecture