Applied Electronics

M.Tech. in Applied Electronics PRIST UNIVERSITY INDIA

SCHEME FOR M.E IN APPLIED ELECTRONICS

FIRST SEMESTER

COURSE CODE

COURSE NAME PER WEEK MARKS

LEC TUT LABMAEL 101 Applied Mathematics 2 - 100

MAEL 102 Embedded Systems 2 - 100

MAEL 103 Advanced Power Electronics 1 1 100

MAEL 104 Advanced DSP 2 - 100

MAEL 105 Digital Image Processing 2 - 100

MAEL 106 Neural Networks And Fuzzy Logic

2 - 100

MAEL 107 P DSP Lab - - 2 100

SECOND SEMESTER

COURSE NUMBER

COURSE NAME SCHEME OF STUDIES PER WEEK

MARKS

L T LMAEL 201 VLSI 2 - - 100MAEL 202 NANO ELECTRONICS 2 - - 100MAEL 203 ADVANCED NETWORKS FOR

INDUSTRIES1 1 - 100

MAEL 204 E0 ELECTIVE I - 100MAEL 205 P VLSI LAB 2 100TOTAL 500

Elective – I(i) MAEL 204 E01 EMC & EMI (ii) MAEL 204 E02 DSP PROCESSOR ARCHITECTURE,(iii) MAEL 204 E03 SPEECH PROCESSING

1


THIRD SEMESTER

COURSE NUMBER

COURSE NAME SCHEME OF STUDIES PER WEEK

MARKS

L T L

MAEL 301 ADVANCED INSTRUMENTATION 2 - - 100MAEL 302 E0 ELECTIVE – II 100MAEL 303 E0 ELECTIVE III 100MAEL 304 P ADVANCED

INSTRUMENTATION LAB100

TOTAL 400

ELECTIVE – II , ELECTIVE III(i) MAEL 302 E01 HIGH SPEED SWITCHING ARCHITECTURE (ii) MAEL 302 E02 DIGITAL CONTROL SYSTEMS (iii) MAEL 302 E03 MEDICAL ELECTRONICS (iv) MAEL 303 E01 ADVANCED VLSI (v) MAEL 303 E01 NETWORK SECURITY AND MANAGEMENT (vi) MAEL 303 E01 CELLULAR AND MOBILE COMMUNICATION

FOURTH SEMESTER

COURSE NUMBER

COURSE NAME

SCHEME OF STUDIES PER WEEK

TOTAL DISTRIBUTION OF MARKS

LECT TUT LABMAEL 401 PROJECT - - 8 8 600GRAND TOTAL SEMESTERS I TO IV 2200

2


SEMESTER I

MAEL 101 APPLIED MATHEMATICS 3 1 0 100

UNIT I 9 REAL AND COMPLEX VARIABLES

Convergent and divergent series. Tests for convergence. Power series; interval of convergence. McLaurin series and Taylor series. Complex power series – circle of convergence. Euler’s formula. Power and roots of complex numbers. Analytic functions. Contour integrals. Laurent series. Residue theorem. Method of finding residues. Evaluation of definite integrals by residue theorem. Conformal mapping and applications. Complex analysis applied to potential theory.

UNIT II 9 PARTIAL DIFFERENTIATION AND MULTIPLE INTEGRALS.

Power series in two variables. Total differential. Chain rule. Maximum and Minimum problems. Constraints and method of Lagrange multipliers. Change of variables. Differentiation of integrals; Leibnitz rule. Double and triple integrals. Change of order and change of variables in integrals; Jacobian. Application of multiple integrals.

UNIT III 9 QUEUING THEORY :

Describing a queuing system, Birth and Death process models, embedded Markov chain system, priority queuing system, bounds and approximation queuing models of computer system. Finite population model, Jackson network, BCMP queuing networks.

UNIT IV 9

LINEAR ALGEBRAVector, vector spaces, Dot product, cross product, linear dependence and independence, n-vector and vector space Rn, basis, dimension, Gram-Schmitt orthogonalization process, matrices, determinants, Echelon and Row reduced Echelon, row, column spaces and random Eigen values, Eigen vector, dragonalization.

UNIT V 9

3


PROBABILITY AND RANDOM VARIABLES.

Data representation – average, spread. Definition of probability and probability theorems. Methods of counting. Random variables, probability distributions. Binomial, Gaussian and Poisson distributions. Distribution of several random variables. Random sampling. Estimation of parameters. Confidence intervals. Χ2 test. Regression analysis. Fitting of straight lines.

L -45 T-15 Total - 60 REFERENCES:

1. Boas,M.L. “ Mathematical Methods in Physical Sciences”., Wiley 2002

2. Kreyszig,E. “Advanced Engineering Mathematics”., Wiley 2001.3. Anton, H., Bivens,I., Davis,S., “Calculus”., Wiley 2002.4. Spiegel, “Advanced Calculus”., Schaum Series, TMH 1990.5. Bronson,R., “ Differential Equations”., Schaum series, TMH,

20046. Alan Jeffrey : Advanced Engineering Mathematics, Academic

Press, 2002.7. Arnold O. Allen : Probability, statistics and Queuing Theory with

computer science applications, Academic Press, 1998.

4


SEMESTER I

MAEL 102 EMBEDDED SYSTEMS 3 0 0 100

UNIT I 9 EMBEDDED ARCHITECTURE

Embedded Computers, Characteristics of Embedded Computing Applications, Challenges in Embedded Computing system design, Embedded system design process- Requirements, Specification, Architectural Design, Designing Hardware and Software Components, System Integration, Formalism for System Design- Structural Description, Behavioral Description, Design Example: Model Train Controller

UNIT II 9 EMBEDDED PROCESSOR AND COMPUTING PLATFORM

ARM processor- processor and memory organization, Data operations, Flow of Control, SHARC processor- Memory organization, Data operations, Flow of Control, parallelism with instructions, CPU Bus configuration, ARM Bus, SHARC Bus, Memory devices, Input/output devices, Component interfacing, designing with microprocessor development and debugging, Design Example : Alarm Clock.

UNIT III 9 NETWORKS

Distributed Embedded Architecture- Hardware and Software Architectures, Networks for embedded systems- I2C, CAN Bus, SHARC link pports, ethernet, Myrinet, Internet, Network-Based design- Communication Analysis, system performance Analysis, Hardware platform design, Allocation and scheduling, Design Example: Elevator Controller.

UNIT IV 9 REAL-TIME CHARACTERISTICS

Clock driven Approach, weighted round robin Approach, Priority driven Approach, Dynamic Versus Static systems, effective release times and deadlines, Optimality of the Earliest deadline first (EDF) algorithm, challenges in validating timing constraints in priority driven systems, Off-line Versus On-line scheduling.

5


UNIT V 9 SYSTEM DESIGN TECHNIQUES

Design Methodologies, Requirement Analysis, Specification, System Analysis and Architecture Design, Quality Assurance, Design Example: Telephone PBX- System Architecture, Ink jet printer- Hardware Design and Software Design, Personal Digital Assistants, Set-top Boxes.

TOTAL : 45

REFERENCES

1. Wayne Wolf, Computers as Components: Principles of Embedded Computing System Design, Morgan Kaufman Publishers, 2001.

2. Jane.W.S. Liu Real-Time systems, Pearson Education Asia, 20003. C. M. Krishna and K. G. Shin , Real-Time Systems, ,McGraw-Hill,

1997 4. Frank Vahid and Tony Givargi, Embedded System Design: A

Unified Hardware/Software Introduction, s, John Wiley & Sons, 2000.

6


SEMESTER I

MAEL 103 ADVANCED POWER ELECTRONICS 3 0 0 100

Unit I POWER SEMICONDUTORS9

Classification of power semiconductor devices,power diodes,,power transistors,thyristors,power MOSFET,GTOS,IGBTSUnit II CONTROLLED RECTIFIERS 9Single phase semi converters ,single phase full converters,single phase dual converters,three phase half wave converters,three phase semi converters,three phase full converters,power factor improvements.

Unit III CHOPPERS9

Step up chopper,chopper configuration ,chopper commutation,chopper classification:swith mode regulator,buch reulator,boost regulator,buck –boost regulator.

Unit IV INVERTERS 9Inverters using thyristors-series inverters,parallel inverters,Three phase inverters,voltage control of single phase inverters:single pulse widh modulation,multiple pulse width modulation,sinusoidal pulse width modulation.Current source inverters-Basic principle of operation of cycloconverters.

Unit V THYRISTOR APPLICATION9

Over voltage protection,Zero voltage swith,Integral cycle triggering,Switched mode power supplies,Uninterruptible power supplies.

References:1. Power Elecrtonics: M.D.Singh,K.B.Khanchanani.2. Power Electronics: Converters, Applications, and Design by Ned

Mohan, Tore M. Undeland, and William P. Robbins (Hardcover - Oct 10, 2002)

3. Power Electronics Handbook by Muhammad H. Rashid (2001) M. H. Rashid

4. Power Electronics: Circuits, Devices and Applications (3rd Edition) by Muhammad H. Rashid (Paperback - Aug 14, 2003)

5. Power Electronics: Devices, Circuits, and Industrial Applications by V. R. Moorthi (Paperback - April 1, 2005)

7


SEMESTER I

MAEL 104 ADVANCED DIGITAL SIGNAL PROCESSING 3 1 0 100

UNIT I 9 DISCRETE RANDOM SIGNAL PROCESSING

Discrete Random Processes- Ensemble averages, stationary processes, Autocorrelation and Auto covariance matrices. Parseval's Theorem, Wiener - Khintchine Relation- Power Spectral Density-Periodogram - Spectral Factorization Theorem, Parameter estimation: Bias and consistency.

UNIT II 9 SPECTRUM ESTIMATION

Estimation of spectra from finite duration signals, Non-Parametric Methods-Correlation Method, Periodogram Estimator, Performance Analysis of Estimators –Unbiased Consistent Estimators- Modified Periodogram; Bartlett and Welch methods, Blackman –Tukey method.

Parametric Methods - AR, MA, and ARMA model based spectral estimation. UNIT III 9 LINEAR ESTIMATION AND PREDICTION

Linear prediction- Forward and backward predictions, Solutions of the Normal equations- Levinson-Durbin algorithms. Least mean squared error criterion -Wiener filter for filtering and prediction, FIR Wiener filter and Wiener IIR filters, Discrete Kalman filter

UNIT IV 9

ADAPTIVE FILTERS

FIR adaptive filters -adaptive filter based on steepest descent method-Widrow-Hoff LMS adaptive algorithm, Normalized LMS. Adaptive channel equalization-Adaptive echo cancellation-Adaptive

8


noise cancellation- Adaptive recursive filters (IIR). RLS adaptive filters-Exponentially weighted RLS-sliding window RLS.

UNIT V 9 MULTIRATE DIGITAL SIGNAL PROCESSING

Mathematical description of change of sampling rate - Interpolation and Decimation, Decimation by an integer factor - Interpolation by an integer factor, Filter implementation for sampling rate conversion- direct form FIR structures, time-variant structures. Multistage implementation of multirate system. Application to sub band coding and Filter bank implementation of wavelet expansion of signals.

REFERENCES:1. Monson H.Hayes, Statistical Digital Signal Processing and

Modeling, John Wiley and Sons, Inc., Singapore, 2002.2. John G. Proakis, Dimitris G.Manolakis, Digital Signal Processing

Pearson Education, 2002.3. John G. Proakis et.al.,’Algorithms for Statistical Signal

Processing’, Pearson Education, 2002.4. Dimitris G.Manolakis et.al.,’Statistical and adaptive signal

Processing’, McGraw Hill, Newyork,2000.

9


SEMESTER I

MAEL 105 DIGITAL IMAGE PROCESSING 3 0 0 100

UNIT I 9 DIGITAL IMAGE FUNDAMENTALS:

Elements of digital image processing systems, Elements of visual perception, Brightness, contrast, hue, saturation, mach band effect, Color image fundamentals -RGB,HSI models, Image sampling, Quantization, Basic relationship between pixels.

UNIT II 9 IMAGE TRANSFORMS:

1D DFT, 2D transforms – DFT, DCT, Discrete Sine, Walsh, Hadamard, Slant, Haar, KLT, SVD, Wavelet Transform.

UNIT III 9 IMAGE ENHANCEMENT AND RESTORATION:

Histogram Equalization, Noise distributions, Spatial averaging, Directional Smoothing, Median, Geometric mean, Harmonic mean, Homomorphic filtering, Image Restoration – degradation model, Inverse filtering, Wiener filtering, Constrained least mean square filtering. Geometric transformations – spatial transformations, Gray-Level interpolation.

UNIT IV 9 IMAGE SEGMENTATION AND REPRESENTATION:

Edge detection. – Thresholding-Region based segmentation-Boundary representation: chair codes-Polygonal approximation-Boundary segments-Boundary descriptors: Simple descriptors, Fourier descriptors-Regional descriptors-Simple descriptors, Texture.

10


UNIT V 9 IMAGE COMPRESSION:

Need for compression, Lossless compression: Huffman,. Run Length Encoding, Shift codes, Arithmetic coding,LZW coding. Lossy compression: Transform coding, Wavelet coding, Image compression standards JPEG, MPEG.

Total: 45

REFERENCES:

1. Rafael C. Gonzalez, Richard E.Woods, ‘Digital Image Processing’, Pearson Education, Inc., Second Edition, 2004.

2. Anil K. Jain, ‘Fundamentals of Digital Image Processing’, Prentice Hall of India, 2002.

3. David Salomon : Data Compression – The Complete Reference, Springer Verlag New York Inc., 2nd Edition, 2001

4. Rafael C. Gonzalez, Richard E.Woods, Steven Eddins, ‘ Digital Image Processing using MATLAB’, Pearson Education, Inc., 2004.

5. William K.Pratt, ‘ Digital Image Processing’, John Wiley, NewYork, 2002.

6. Milman Sonka, Vaclav Hlavac, Roger Boyle, ‘Image Processing, Analysis, and Machine Vision’, Brooks/Cole, Vikas Publishing House, II ed., 1999.

7. Sid Ahmed, M.A., ‘Image Processing Theory, Algorithms and Architectures’, McGrawHill, 1995.

11


SEMESTER I

MAEL 106 NEURAL NETWORKS AND FUZZY LOGIC 3 0 0 100

UNIT I 9ARTIFICIAL NEURAL NETWORKS

Basic concepts-single layer perceptron-Multi layer perceptron-Adaline-Madaline-Learning rules-Supervised learning-Back propagation networks-Training algorithm, Practical difficulties, Advanced algorithms-Adaptive network- Radial basis network-modular network-Applications

UNIT II 9UNSUPERVISED NETWORKS

Introduction- unsupervised learning -Competitive learning networks-Kohonen self organising networks-Learning vector quantisation - Hebbian learning - Hopfield network-Content addressable nature, Binary Hopfield network, Continuous Hopfield network Travelling Salesperson problem - Adaptive resonance theory –Bidirectional Associative Memory

UNIT III 9FUZZY SYSTEMS

Fuzzy sets-Fuzzy rules: Extension principle, Fuzzy relation- fuzzy reasoning – fuzzy inference systems: Mamdani model, Sugeno model. Tsukamoto model -Fuzzy decision making- Multiobjective Decision Making,-Fuzzy classification-Fuzzy control methods -Application

UNIT IV 9NEURO-FUZZY MODELLING

Adaptive Neuro Fuzzy based inference systems – classification and regression trees: decision tress, Cart algorithm – Data clustering algorithms: K means clustering, Fuzzy C means clustering, Mountain clustering, Subtractive clustering – rule base structure identification – Neuro fuzzy control: Feedback Control Systems, Expert Control, Inverse Learning, Specialized Learning, Back propagation through Real –Time Recurrent Learning.

UNIT V 9GENETIC ALGORITHM

12


Fundamentals of genetic algorithm-Mathematical foundations-Genetic modeling-Survival of the fittest-crossover-Inversion and Deletion-mutation-reproduction-Generational cycle-rank method-rank space method- Other derivative free optimization-simulated annealing, Random search, Downhill simplex search-Application

REFERENCES

1. Jang J.S.R.,Sun C.T and Mizutani E – “Neuro Fuzzy and Soft computing”, Pearson education (Singapore) 2004

2. David E.Goldberg : “Genetic Algorithms in Search, Optimization, and Machine Learning”, Pearson Education, Asia,1996

3. Laurene Fauseett:”Fundamentals of Neural Networks”, Prentice Hall India, New Delhi,1994.

4. Timothy J.Ross:”Fuzzy Logic Engineering Applications”, McGrawHill, NewYork,1997.

5. S.Rajasekaran and G.A.Vijayalakshmi Pai “Neural networks,Fuzzy logics,and Genetic algorithms”, Prentice Hall of India,2003

6. George J.Klir and Bo Yuan,”Fuzzy Sets and Fuzzy Logic”,Prentice Hall Inc., New Jersey,1995

13


SEMESTER I

MAEL 107 DSP LAB 3 0 0 200

MATLAB & Simulink

1. Filter Design2. Interpolation Decimation3. Spectral Estimation4. Simulation of modulation and coding using MATALB & SIMULINK

DSP Using TMS329C50 Processor1. Filter Design2. Convolution and correlation3. Various Methods of spectral estimation4. Implementation of ADSL modem

14


SEMESTER II

MAEL 201 VLSI 3 0 0 100

UNIT – I -- MOS TRANSISTOR THEORY 9

NMOS, PMOS Enhancement transistor, Threshold voltage, Body

effect, MOS DC equations, channel length modulation, Mobility

variation, MOS models, small signal AC characteristics, complementary

CMOS inverter DC characteristics, Noise Margin, Rise time, fall time,

power dissipation, transmission gate, tristate inverter.

UNIT II-- INTRODUCTION TO CMOS CIRCUITS:

9

MOS transistors, MOS switches, CMOS logic: Inverter, combinational logic, NAND, NOR gates, compound gates, Multiplexers. Memory: Latches and registers. Circuit and system representations: Behavioral, structural and physical representations

UNIT – III -INTRODUCTION TO PLDS & FPGAS 9

ROMs, Logic array (PLA), Programmable array logic, GAL, bipolar

PLA, NMOS PLA, PAL 14L4, Xilinx logic cell array (LCA) – I/O Block –

Programmable interconnect – Xilinx – 3000 series and 4000 series

FPGAs. Altera CPLDs, altera FLEX 10K series PLDs.

UNIT – IV CMOS SUBSYSTEM DESIGN 9

Introduction – Data path operations –Parity generator – Comparators

– Zero/one detectors- Binary counters – Boolean operations –

Multiplication – Shifters

Unit - V. INTRODUCTION TO VHDL& Verilog HDL 9

15


Digital system design process – Hardware simulation – Levels of abstraction – VHDL requirements – Elements of VHDL – Top down design VHDL operators – Timing – Concurrency – Objects and classes – Signal assignments – Concurrent and sequential assignments.VERILOG: Data types – System tasks and Compiler Directives- Modules and Ports- Gate Level Modeling with Examples.

References

1. P.K. Chan & S. Mourad, “Digital Design sing Field Programmable Gate Array” 1st Edition, Prentice Hall, 1994.

2. N.H.E.Weste and K.Eshraghian, “ Principles of CMOS VLSI Design”, 2nd Edition - Addition Wesley,1993.

3. J. V. Old Field & R.C. Dorf, “ Field Programmable Gate Array”, John Wiley, 1995.

4. M. Bolton, “ Digital System Design with Programmable Logic”, Addison Wesley, 1990.

5. Thomas E. Dillinger, “ VLSI Engineering”, Prentice Hall, 1st

Edition, 1998.

6. Douglas Perry, “VHDL”, 3rd Edition, McGraw Hill 2001.

7. J. Bhasker, “VHDL”, 3rd Edition, Addison Wesley, 1999.

16


SEMESTER II

MAEL 202 NANO ELECTRONICS 3 0 0 100

Unit I BASICS AND OVERVIEW 9Overview of current research in nano-scale electronics and devices Dielectrics, Ferroelectrics

Unit II QUANTUM THEORY 9Electronic Properties and Quantum Effects, Magneto electronics – Magnetism and Magneto transport

Unit III ORGANIC MATERIALS 9Organic Molecules – Electronic Structures, Properties, Neurons – Molecular Basis of Excitability

Unit IV SILICON CONCEPTS IN NANO 9Film Deposition Methods, Scanning Probe Techniques, Silicon MOSFETs – novel materials and concepts

Unit V MOLECULAR ELECTRONICS 9Carbon Nanotubes for data processing, Molecular Electronics, Organic Light Emitting Devices

1. Waser, Ranier Nanoelectronics and Information Technology Wiley-VCH2003

2. Nano-Physics & Bio-Electronics: A New Odyssey by T. Chakraborty, F. Peeters, and U. Sivan (Hardcover - April 1, 2002)

3. Future Trends in Microelectronics: Up the Nano Creek by Serge Luryi, Jimmy Xu, and Alex Zaslavsky (Hardcover - May 18, 2007)

4. Nano and Molecular Electronics Handbook Publisher: CRC | Language: English | ISBN:0849385288 | 912 pages | Data: 2007

17


SEMESTER II

MAEL 203 COMPUTER NETWORKS FOR INDUSTRIES 3 0 0 100

Unit I INTRODUCTION 9ISO/OSI Reference Model , TCP/IP Referecne Mdoels| Terminology Basics Serial Communications: Modem Principles | The EIA-232E Standard | Beyond 232: EIA-422/423/485/530 Standards , 4-20 mA loop

Unit II DATA LINK LAYER BASICS: 9 Data Encoding | Error Detection/Correction Schemes LAN Technologies: An Overview of Ethernet Technology | Ethernet Cabling and Configuration Rules | Repeaters, Bridges, Routers and Gateways

Unit III MODBUS 9 Modbus; Modbus Plus; Protocol, variants, Limitations, Applications, Data Highway + /DH485; HART; ASI Bus; DeviceNet;

Unit IV ETHERNET AND PROFIBUS 9Industrial Ethernet; Industrial Ethernet Design Techniques ; Radio and Wireless Communications , Profibus PA/DP/FMS;

Unit V FIELDBUS 9 Foundation Fieldbus; History , IEC 61158 specification , Standards , Cost advantage of fieldbus , Fieldbus networking , Disadvantages of fieldbus , Current developments , Fieldbus safety

References

18


1) The Industrial Communication Technology Handbook (The Industrial Information Technology Series)2) Practical Industrial Data Networks Design, Installation and TroubleshootingCRC 20053) www.modbus.org4) www.fieldbus.org5) www.profibus.org

SEMESTER II

MAEL 205 VLSI LAB 3 0 0 100

1. Design and testing of BCD adder using SPARTAN 3 KIT

2. Barrel Shifter

3. Design of ALU

4. Design of ROM

5. Design of MUX using Adder

6. Design of counters

7. Design of Traffic Light controller

8. Design of Real time Clock

19

http://www.fieldbus.org/


SEMESTER II ELECTIVES

MAEL 204 E01 ELECTROMAGNETIC INTERFERENCE AND COMPATIBILITY IN SYSTEM DESIGN 3 0 0

100

UNIT I 9 EMI ENVIRONMENT EMI/EMC concepts and definitions, Sources of EMI, conducted and radiated EMI, Transient EMI, Time domain Vs Frequency domain EMI, Units of measurement parameters, Emission and immunity concepts, ESD.

UNIT II 9 EMI COUPLING PRINCIPLESConducted, Radiated and Transient Coupling, Common Impedance Ground Coupling, Radiated Common Mode and Ground Loop Coupling, Radiated Differential Mode Coupling, Near Field Cable to Cable Coupling, Power Mains and Power Supply coupling.

UNIT III 9 EMI/EMC STANDARDS AND MEASUREMENTSCivilian standards - FCC,CISPR,IEC,EN,Military standards - MIL STD 461D/462, EMI Test Instruments /Systems, EMI Shielded Chamber, Open Area Test Site, TEM Cell, Sensors/Injectors/Couplers, Test beds for ESD and EFT, Military Test Method and Procedures (462).

UNIT IV 9 EMI CONTROL TECHNIQUES

20


Shielding, Filtering, Grounding, Bonding, Isolation Transformer, Transient Suppressors, Cable Routing, Signal Control, Component Selection and Mounting.

UNIT V 9 EMC DESIGN OF PCBsPCB Traces Cross Talk, Impedance Control, Power Distribution Decoupling, Zoning, Motherboard Designs and Propagation Delay Performance Models.REFERENCES

1. Henry W.Ott, "Noise Reduction Techniques in Electronic Systems", John Wiley and Sons, NewYork. 1988.

2. C.R.Paul, “Introduction to Electromagnetic Compatibility” , John Wiley and Sons, Inc, 1992

3. V.P.Kodali, "Engineering EMC Principles, Measurements and Technologies", IEEE Press, 1996.

4. Bernhard Keiser, "Principles of Electromagnetic Compatibility", Artech house, 3rd Ed, 1986.


Mael 204 E02 DSP PROCESSOR ARCHITECTURE 3 0 0 100

UNIT I 9FUNDAMENTALS OF PROGRAMMABLE DSPs

Multiplier and Multiplier accumulator – Modified Bus Structures and Memory access in P-DSPs – Multiple access memory – Multi-port memory – VLIW architecture- Pipelining – Special Addressing modes in P-DSPs – On chip Peripherals.

UNIT II 9TMS320C5X PROCESSOR : Architecture – Assembly language syntax - Addressing modes – Assembly language Instructions - Pipeline structure, Operation – Block Diagram of DSP starter kit – Application Programs for processing real time signals.

UNIT III 9TMS320C3X PROCESSOR: Architecture – Data formats - Addressing modes – Groups of addressing modes- Instruction sets - Operation – Block Diagram of DSP starter kit – Application Programs for processing real time signals – Generating and finding the sum of series, Convolution of two sequences, Filter design

21


UNIT IV 9ADSP PROCESSORS: Architecture of ADSP-21XX and ADSP-210XX series of DSP processors- Addressing modes and assembly language instructions – Application programs –Filter design, FFT calculation.

UNIT V 9ADVANCED PROCESSORS: Architecture of TMS320C54X: Pipe line operation, Code Composer studio - Architecture of TMS320C6X - Architecture of Motorola DSP563XX – Comparison of the features of DSP family processors.

REFERENCES

1. B.Venkataramani and M.Bhaskar, “Digital Signal Processors – Architecture, Programming and Applications” – Tata McGraw – Hill Publishing Company Limited. New Delhi, 2003.

2. User guides Texas Instrumentation, Analog Devices, Motorola.


MAEL 204 E03 SPEECH PROCESSING 3 0 0 100

UNIT IMECHANICS OF SPEECH 9 Speech production mechanism – Nature of Speech signal – Discrete time modelling of Speech production – Representation of Speech signals – Classification of Speech sounds – Phones – Phonemes – Phonetic and Phonemic alphabets – Articulatory features.Music production – Auditory perception – Anatomical pathways from the ear to the perception of sound – Peripheral auditory system – Psycho acoustics

UNIT II TIME DOMAIN METHODS FOR SPEECH PROCESSING 9

Time domain parameters of Speech signal – Methods for extracting the parameters Energy, Average Magnitude – Zero crossing Rate – Silence Discrimination using ZCR and energy – Short Time Auto Correlation Function – Pitch period estimation using Auto Correlation Function

UNIT IIIFREQUENCY DOMAIN METHOD FOR SPEECH PROCESSING 9

22


Short Time Fourier analysis – Filter bank analysis – Formant extraction – Pitch Extraction – Analysis by Synthesis- Analysis synthesis systems- Phase vocoder—Channel Vocoder. Homomorphic speech analysis: Cepstral analysis of Speech – Formant and Pitch Estimation – Homomorphic Vocoders.

UNIT IV LINEAR PREDICTIVE ANALYSIS OF SPEECH 9

Formulation of Linear Prediction problem in Time Domain – Basic Principle – Auto correlation method – Covariance method – Solution of LPC equations – Cholesky method – Durbin’s Recursive algorithm – lattice formation and solutions – Comparison of different methods – Application of LPC parameters – Pitch detection using LPC parameters – Formant analysis – VELP – CELP.

UNIT V APPLICATION OF SPEECH & AUDIO SIGNAL PROCESSING 9

Algorithms: Spectral Estimation, dynamic time warping, hidden Markov model – Music analysis – Pitch Detection – Feature analysis for recognition – Music synthesis – Automatic Speech Recognition – Feature Extraction for ASR – Deterministic sequence recognition – Statistical Sequence recognition – ASR systems – Speaker identification and verification – Voice response system – Speech Synthesis: Text to speech, voice over IP.

TOTAL :45

REFERENCES

1. Ben Gold and Nelson Morgan, Speech and Audio Signal Processing, John Wiley and Sons Inc. , Singapore, 2004

2. L.R.Rabiner and R.W.Schaffer – Digital Processing of Speech signals – Prentice Hall -1978

3. Quatieri – Discrete-time Speech Signal Processing – Prentice Hall – 2001.

4. J.L.Flanagan – Speech analysis: Synthesis and Perception – 2nd

edition – Berlin – 1972

23


5. I.H.Witten – Principles of Computer Speech – Academic Press – 1982

SEMESTER III

MAEL 301 ADVANCED INSTRUMENTATION 3 0 0 100

Unit I MEASUREMENTTECHNOLOGIES 9

psychrometer– hygrometer– Wire electrode type hygrometer –dew cell– electrolysis type hygrometer– commercial type dew point meter –different methods of moisture measurement. Measurement of density–liquid density measurement–gas densitometers. Conductivity measurement.

Unit II SMART SENSORS 9

Smart sensors-block diagram, Smart transmitter. Recent trends in sensor technology – Semiconductor sensors–Film sensors-MEMS-Nanosensors.

Unit III DIGITAL TECHNIQUES AND NOISE 9

Time measurement using digital techniques–Small time interval measurement–Periodic time–Time interval between two events defined

24


by voltage levels–time constant–Phase measurement– Capacitance measurement–Noise in instrumentation systems, electromagnetic interference, methods of noise coupling, noise sources, grounding.

Unit IV VIRTUAL INSTRUMENTATION 9

Virtual Instrumentation–concepts–historical perspective–virtual versus real instrumentation–advantages of virtual instrumentation–block diagram and architecture of a virtual instrument–Physical quantities and analog interfaces– Hardware and software–User Interfaces–Applications of virtual instrumentation.

Unit V INTERFACE CARDS 9

General Purpose Interface Bus (GPIB), Standard Commands for Programmable Instrumentation (SCPI), VME Extensions for Instrumentation (VXI), Multisystem Extension Interface (MXIbus), Enhanced Parallel Port. Virtual Instrument Software Architecture (VISA)

Books :

1. D. Patranabis, Principles of Industrial Instrumentation, 2nd ed., Tata McGraw Hill, New Delhi, 1996

2. T. S. Rathore, Digital Measurement Techniques, 2nd ed., Narosa Publishing House, New Delhi, 2004

3. G. W. Johnson, LabVIEW Graphical Programming: Practical Application in Instrumentation and Control, 2nd ed., McGraw Hill, New York, 1997

4. .D. Patranabis, Sensors and Transducers, 2nd ed., Prentice Hall of India, New Delhi, 2003

5. H. R. Taylor, Data Acquisition for Sensor Systems, Chapman & Hall, London, 1992

6. J. Y. Beyon, Hands-On Exercise Manual for LabVIEW Programming, Data Acquisition and Analysis, Prentice Hall PTR, 2001

25


SEMESTER III

MAEL 304 P ADVANCED INSTRUMENTATION LAB 3 0 0 100

1. Measurement of humidity using phsychrometer

2. Measurement of density using gas desitometers

3. Capacitive transducers

4. I/P & P/I converters

5. ECG analyser

6. Pressure control using LABVIEW SOFTWARE

7. Level control using LABVIEW SOFTWARE

8. Temperature control using LABVIEW SOFTWARE

9. Smart Transmitter

10. Smart sensors

26


SEMESTER III ELECTIVES

MAEL 302 E01 HIGH SPEED SWITCHING ARCHITECTURE

3 0 0

100

UNIT I 9HIGH SPEED NETWORK :Introduction- LAN, WAN, Network evolution through ISDN to B-ISDN, Transfer mode and control of B-ISDN, SDH multiplexing structure, ATM standard, ATM adaptation layers.

UNIT II 9LAN SWITCHING TECHNOLOGY :Switching Concepts, switch forwarding techniques, switch path control, LAN Switching, cut through forwarding, store and forward, virtual LANs

UNIT III 9ATM SWITCHING ARCHITECTURE

27


Switch model, Blocking networks - basic - and- enhanced banyan networks, sorting networks - merge sorting, re-arrangeble networks - full-and- partial connection networks, non blocking networks - Recursive network construction, comparison of non-blocking network, Switching with deflection routing - shuffle switch, tandem banyan

UNIT IV 9QUEUES IN ATM SWITCHESInternal Queueing -Input, output and shared queueing, multiple queueing networks – combined Input, output and shared queueing - performance analysis of Queued switches.

UNIT V 9IP SWITCHINGAddressing model, IP Switching types - flow driven and topology driven solutions, IP Over ATM address and next hop resolution, multicasting, Ipv6 over ATM. REFERENCES

1. Achille Pattavina, Swtching Theory: Architectures and performance in Broadband ATM networks "John Wiley & Sons Ltd, New York. 1998

2. Christopher Y Metz, Switching protocols & Architectures, McGraw - Hill Professional Publishing, NewYork.1998.

3. Rainer Handel, Manfred N Huber, Stefan Schroder, ATM Networks - Concepts Protocols, Applications III Edition, Addison Wesley, New York. 1999.

4. John A.Chiong: Internetworking ATM for the internet and enterprise networks. McGraw Hill, New York, 1998.

.SEMESTER III ELECTIVES

MAEL 302 E02 DIGITAL CONTROL SYSTEMS 3 0 0

100

UNIT 1. INTRODUCTION 9Introduction to Digital Control Systems, Continuous-time Vs Discrete-time Systems , Digital Control Vs Digital Signal Processing (DSP), Signal Discretization in time and in amplitude, Continuous-time System Analysis, Discrete-time System Analysis, Continuous-time Controller Design, Controller Design for Discrete-time Systems, Controller Implementation, Case Study and Practical Projects

UNIT 2. DISCRETE-TIME SYSTEMS AND THE Z-TRANSFORM 9

Definition of the z- Transform and the Inverse z-Transform, Common z-Transforms (z-Transform Table), z-Transform Properties, Computing

28


the Inverse z-Transform, Uses of the z-Transfrom, Block Diagrams and Flow Graphs of Discrete-time Systems UNIT 3. STATE VARIABLES APPROACH TO DISCRETE-TIME SYSTEMS

9 Definition of the State , ector, The MIMO Transfer Function Matrix G(z), State Transformations, Observability and Controllability, Solution of the State Equations

UNIT 4. APPROXIMATION OF CONTINUS SYSTEMS 9

Approximate Discrete-time Equivalents of Continuous Transfer FunctionsBrief Review of Continuous-time Controller Design, Digital Filter Design by Numerical Approximation, Pole-zero Mapping, Transforming Analog Filters

UNIT 5 DIRECT DESIGN OF DIGITAL CONTROL SYSTEMS

9Direct Design of Digital Control Systems Using Transform Techniques, Z-plane Specification of Control System Design Specifications, Design by Discrete EquivalentRoot Locus Design in the z-plane, Frequency Domain Design Methods, Design of Digital Control Systems – A State Space Approach ,Control Law Design, State Feedback, Estimator Design, Regulator Design

1. Digital Control System Analysis and Design, Charles L. Phillips and H. Troy Nagle, 3rd. Edition, Prentice Hall,1995

2. Linear Control Systems -- A First Course, Haniph A. Latchman, John Wiley and Sons, 1999


MAEL 302 E03 MEDICAL ELECTRONICS 3 0 0

100

Unit I: BIOLOGY 9(a) An introduction to biology (b) cells, tissues and organs (c) membrane potential and action potential and bio-equivalent circuit (d) optical properties of bio-materials, Bio-electronic devices

29


UNIT II BIOELECTRIC SIGNALS AND THEIR RECORDING 9Bioelectric signals (ECG, EMG, ECG, EOG & ERG) and their characteristics, Bioelectrodes, electrodes tissue interface, contact impedance, effects of high contact, impedance, types of electrodes, electrodes for ECG, EEG and EMG.

UNIT III TRANSDUCERS FOR BIOMEDICAL APPLICATION 9Resistive transducers - Muscle force and Stress (Strain guge), Spirometry (Potentiont), humidity, (Gamstrers), Respiration (Thermistor), Inductive Transducers - Flow measurements, muscle movement (LVDT), Capacitive Transducers - Heart sound measurement, Pulse pick up, Photoelectric Transducers - Pulse transducers, Blood pressure, oxygen Analyses, Piezoelectric Transducers - Pulse pickup, ultrasonic blood flowmeter, Chemcial Transducer - Ag-Agfallas (Electrodes, PH electrode

UNIT IV CONSUMER DEVICES 9(l) Glucometer and Lasette (photonics devices),Electro-photonics devices,(m) Bio-chips (photonics devices, MEMs)

UNIT V RECENT TRENDS IN MEDICAL INSTRUMENTATION 9Thermograph,Physiotherapy and Electrotherapy Equipment endoscopy unit, Laser in medicine, Surgical diathermy, cryogenic application, Electrical safety. Hazardous Safety

REFERENCES 1. Medical Instrumentation by John. G. Webster –John Wiley2. Principles of Applied Biomedical Instrumentation by Goddes &

Baker – John Wiley3. Biomedical Instrumentation & Measurement by Carr & Brown-

Pearson4. Biomedical Instrument by Cromwell-Prentice Hall of India, New

Delhi5. Hand book of Medical instruments by R.S. Khandpur –TMH, New

Delhi6. Medical Electronics and Instrumentation by Sanjay Guha –

University Publication

30


7. Introduction to Medical Electronics Applications (Paperback), by L. Nokes (Author), D. Jennings (Author), T. Flint (Author), B. Turton (Author) Butterworth-Heinemann (March 17, 1995)


MAEL 303 E01 ADVANCED VLSI 3 0 0 100

Unit - I LOW – VOLTAGE LOW POWER VLSI CMOS CIRCUIT DESIGN

9 CMOS invertor – Characteristics – Power dissipation. Capacitance estimation. CMOS static logic design, Logic styles.

UNIT II

31


CIRCUIT CHARACTERIZATION AND PERFORMANCE ESTIMATION: 9 Estimation of resistance, capacitance, inductance. Switching characteristics, CMOS gate transistor sizing, power dissipation, sizing routing conductors, charge sharing, Design margining yield, reliability. Scaling of MOS transistor dimensions.

UNIT – III PLACEMENT AND ROUTING 9

Mincut based placement – iterative improvement placement– Routing: Segmented channel routing Maze routing – Routability and routing resources – Net delays.

UNIT – IV CAD FOR VLSI 9Data Structures and Basic Algorithms – Algorithmic Graph Theory and Computational complexity – Tractable and Intractable problems - General Purpose Methods for Combinational Optimization. UNIT –V ANALOG VLSI 9Basic current mirrors and single stage amplifiers – simple cmos current mirror – common source – common gate amplifier with current mirror active load – source flower with current mirror to supply bias current – high output impedance current mirrors and bipolar gain stages – frequency response.

Reference Books

1. N.H.E.Weste and K.Eshraghian, “ Principles of CMOS VLSI Design”, 2nd Edition - Addition Wesley,1993.

2. S.H.Gerez, “Algorithms for VLSI Design Automation”, John Wiley, 1998.

3. D.A. John and Ken Martin , “analog integrated circuit design” , John Wiley, 1st Edition, 1996.

4. Mohamed Ismail, “Analog VLSI” , Mc Graw hill, 1st Edition, 1994.


MAEL 303 E02 NETWROK SECURITY AND MANAGEMENT

UNIT 1:CONVENTIONAL ENCRYPTION 9

32


Introduction, conventional encryption model, Steganography, Data Encryption Standard, Block Cipher, Encryption algorithms, confidentiality, Key distribution.

UNIT 2: PUBLIC KEY ENCRYPTION AND HASHING 9

Principles of public key cryptosystems, RSA algorithm, Diffle – Hellmen Key Exchange, Elliptic curve cryptology, message authentification and Hash function, Hash and Mac algorithms, Digital Signatures.

UNIT 3: SYSTEM SECURITY 9

Intruders, viruses, worms, firewall design, trusted system, antivirus techniques, digital immune systems.

UNIT 4: BROADBAND NETWORK MANAGEMENT 9

Broadband networks and services, ATM Technology-VP, VC, ATM Packet, Integrated Service, ATM LAN Emulation, virtual LAN, ATM Network Management:- ATM Network reference Model, Integrated Local Management Interface. ATM Management Information Base, Role of SNMD and ILMI in ATM management, M1, M2, M3, M4 Interface, ATM Digital Exchange Interface Management.

UNIT 5: NETWORK MANAGEMENT APPLICATIONS 9

Configuration management, Fault Management Performance management, Event correlation Techniques security Management, Accounting Management, Report Management, Policy Based Management Service level Management.

Total: 45

REFERENCES:

1. William Stalling, “Cryptography and Network Security “, 2nd

Edition, Prentice Hall of India, New Delhi, 1999.

33


2. Baldwin R and Rivest.R, “The RC5, RC5-CBC, TC5-CBC-PAD abd RC5-CT5 alogorithms, RFC2040:, October 1996.

3. Mani Subramanian, “Network Management Principles and Practice”, Addlson Wesley, New York, 2000.

4. Salah Aldarous, Thomas Plevyak, “Telecommunications Network Management Technologies and Implementations”, Eastern Economy Edition, IEEE Press, New Delhi, 1998.


MAEL 303 E03 CELLULAR AND MOBILE COMMUNICATION

34


UNIT IOVERVIEW 9An overview of wireless communication systems. First generation analog cellular systems, second generation digital cellular systems, third generation systems standards for wireless communications systems. GSM, IMT-2000, UMTS.

UNIT II MOBILE SATELLITE COMMUNICATION 9Mobile Satellite Communication – GEO, LEO, MEO, Terrestrial mobile system.Cellular communication fundamentals. Cellular systems. Geometry of a Hexagonal Cell. Cochannel interference ratio. Cellular system design in worts case with an omnidirectional antenna, cochannel interference reduction with use of directional antenna. Cell splitting. Frequency and spectrum management and handoffs Access Techniques.

UNIT III

GSM ARCHITECTURE AND INTERFACE 9GSM architecture and interfaces. GSM frequency bands, GSM PLMN, GSM PLMN Services, GSM interfaces. The Radio interface MS to BTS. Abis interface (BTS to MSC). Interface BSC to MSC.

UNIT IV RADIO PROPAGATION 9

Radio Propagation and cellular engineering concept. Propagation characteristics. Multipath faded radio signals. Radio link design. Receiver sensitivity and link budget.

UNIT V DATA SERVCESA ND SECURITY IN GSM 9Data services in GSM. GSM GPRS. Privacy and security in GSM

TOTAL : 45

REFERENCES1. Wireless Digital Communication- Feher 1991, PHI.2. Principles & applications of GSM – Vijay K. Garg, and J.E. Wilkes

1999 – Prentice hall PTR.3. Telecom Transmission handwook 4th ed Roger L. Freeman 1998

John Wiley & Sons. Inc. New York.4. Mobile Cellular Telecomm. Lee 1995 Mc Graw Hill Inc.

35

Applied Electronics

Documents

Transcript of Applied Electronics