Humongous Insurance

Client Lifestyle & Assessment

Session 3Client Shapes & Basic Health Tests

Session Aims

• To be aware of the possible negative effects of appraisals and testing procedures on certain clients and how to avoid making the client feel uncomfortable.

• Practice administering basic health tests

• Practice verbal communication skills for giving results feedback to clients

Appraisal Considerations

Clients who sign up with a personal trainer do so for many different reasons.

Some may be very fit and want to increase their fitness and skills further for competition.

Some may be very unfit and have hire a PT for health reasons.

Appraisal Considerations

Some clients may want to build muscle while others want to lose fat.

These are just a few reasons people start to exercise.

For the majority of people the tests conducted in an appraisal are not a problem, however certain individuals would find some tests very traumatic for a number of different reasons.

Personal Space

Some people don’t like being touched or having their personal space invaded.

Tests such as waist to hip ratio and body fat calipers can be very very uncomfortable for some people.

You need to use extra consideration and excellent personal skills to make the client feel as at ease as possible.

Anthropometric Measurements

• Purpose – Basic measurements of form and

dimension that are used to provide a baseline indicators of change, and approximate indicators of fat deposits and amounts.

• Principle – Simple tape measurements of circumference, weight & height can establish limit criteria for over fatness and detrimental fat deposits.

Finding out BMI & WHR

• Body Mass Index & Waist to Hip Ratio are important factors in finding out how at risk a client is from obesity related diseases.

Height & Weight - Practical

• Height & Weight Measurements:

• Explain to the client why you are going to take the measurements ie.

• So you can work out their BMI and give them feedback on health risks. Also so that in 6 weeks time you will be administering the tests again to see if there has been any improvements made.

Height• Ask the client to remove their shoes• Heels together• Heels , buttocks, back and head touching

the wall.• Posture can make 1-2cm difference make sure the

spine and neck are extended and the head is horizontal and looking forward.

Record results in metres & cms

Weight

• Ask the client to remove any excess clothing.

• Remove shoes.• Client to stand on scales• Client to stand tall

looking forward.• You take the weight in KG

• Try to duplicate clothing worn and time of day if you are to gain a realistic trend.

Calculations

Weight in kgs – 80kgDivided by - = 24 BMI

Height in (x 2) – 1.66 x 2 = 3.32

NOTE - People with heavier muscle mass may find their BMI score on the upper end of the normal range or even in the overweight range despite a fit appearance and low body fat percentage.

Working out BMI

• Once you have the information on height and weight you can work out the BMI of the client and show them a visual chart during feedback.

BMI Categories:• Underweight = <18.5• Normal weight = 18.5-24.9• Overweight = 25-29.9• Obesity = BMI of 30 or greater

Waist to Hip Ratio

• This test is administered to assess where deposits of fat are.

• There are 2 body shapes• APPLE – Carries upper body Fat• PEAR – Carries Fat lower body Fat

• Clients with an apple shape are at higher risk of Disease than Pear Shapes

Waist to Hip Ratio

• Excess weight is generally stored either in the abdominal area or in the hips, thighs, and buttocks.

• If you are an Apple (partly determined by genes), you tend to have more visceral fat around the abdominal organs and this can lead to various diseases

• type 2 diabetes, • some types of cancer, • heart problems, • urinary problems, • dementia, • hypertension, and stroke

Waist to Hip Ratio - Practical

• You will need:

• A tape measure (not metal)• A pin or paper clip• A pen and paper for recording results• A norm/formula chart for assessing

results

Hip to Waist Protocols

• 1 – Waist measurement• Take the first measurement around the

abdomen just above the level of the umbilicus (belly button)

• 2 – Hip measurement• Take 3 separate measurements around

the hips starting at the top and working down.

• Use the largest measurement for your results.

Considerations

As you are going to be measuring the client in a sensitive area try to minimise the stress / intrusion into personal space by:

Clearly explaining what you are going to do – (every step)

Conducting the measurements by measuring from the side.

Working Out the Results

Waist - 91.2 = ------- = 1.18 Hips - 76.8

Q - 20year old female has a waist measurement of 67.2cm and a hip measurement of 78cm.

Calculate her hip to waist ratio?

Waist divided by Hips

WHR ResultsWaist to Hip

RatioAge Low Risk Moderate High Risk Very High

Men 20-29 <0.83 0.83-0.88 0.89-0.94 >0.94

30-39 <0.84 0.84-0.91 0.92-0.96 >0.96

40-49 <0.88 0.88-0.95 0.96-1.00 >1.00

50-59 <0.90 0.90-0.96 0.97-1.02 >1.02

60-69 <0.91 0.91-0.98 0.99-1.03 >1.03

Women 20-29 <0.71 0.71-0.77 0.78-0.82 >0.82

30-39 <0.72 0.72-0.78 0.79-0.84 >0.84

40-49 <0.73 0.73-0.79 0.80-0.87 >0.87

50-59 <0.74 0.74-0.81 0.82-0.88 >0.88

60-69 <0.76 0.76-0.83 0.84-0.90 >0.90

Task - Role Play Demo

Use your customer care skills while administering the height, weight and waist to hip ratio measurements, ensuring you tell the client what you are doing whilst being empathetic and professional.

Write down the results on the worksheet and give feedback to the client using suitable visual aids.

Measuring Measurements may just confirm what is

known from sight!

Would you need to measure a very obese person to let them know they are obese? Would you use calipers to let them know they are very obese?

You must have some method of assessment to measure future positive results against, but in the case of obesity just weigh on scales for the beginning assessments and then bring in the other measurements as the client gains confidence.

Poor Results

Some people could be completely demoralised by you telling them they are unfitter than 90% of the average population.

Or that their BMI results shows they are bordering on obese.

Again considerate verbal skills need to be

used to feedback the results in a positive way, using ‘the jam sandwich’ approach.

Session Summary

• You can now describe the reasons it is important to take anthropometric tests in relation to health.

• You have demonstrated the ability to administer basic tests, and work out BMI & WHR

• You have practiced verbal communication skills for giving results feedback to clients in an empathetic and professional way.

Next Session

• Understanding the need for using VARTEC with tests

• Resting blood pressure• Reading blood pressure results• Dangers of high blood pressure• Administering blood pressure test• Giving feedback on blood pressure to

clients.