Analysis IR
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Transcript of Analysis IR
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Spectroscopy
Infrared Spectra
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Some characteristic infrared absorption frequencies BOND COMPOUND TYPE FE!UENCY "N#E$ cm %&
C%' a()anes *+,-%*./- and &0,-%&12-
a()enes 0-*-%0-+- 3m4 and
C'5C'* .&-%.*- and ..-%&---
*C5C'* ++-%.-- cis%C'5C' /2,%20- 364
trans%C'5C' ./,%.2,
aromatic rin7s 0---%0&-- 3m4 and
monosubst8 /.-%2&- and 20-%22-
ortho %disubst8 20,%22-
meta%disubst8 /.-%2&- and 2,-%+&- 3m4
para%disubst8 +&-%+1- 3m4
a()9nes 00--
O%' a(coho(s or pheno(s 0*--%0/1- 3b4
C5C a()enes &/1-%&/+- 364
aromatic rin7s &,-- and &/-- 364
C:C a()9nes *&--%**/- 364
C%O primar9 a(coho(s &-,- 3b4
secondar9 a(coho(s &&-- 3b4
tertiar9 a(coho(s &&,- 3b4
pheno(s &*0- 3b4
a()9( ethers &-/-%&&,-
ar9( ethers &*--%&*2,3b4 and &-*-%&-2, 3m4
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IR spectra of ALKANES
C—H bond “saturated”
(sp3) 2850-2960 cm-1
+ 1350-1!0 cm-1
-CH2- + 1430-1470
-CH3 + “ and 137
-CH(CH3)2 + “ and 1370! 13"
-C(CH3)3 + “ and 1370(s)! 13# ($)
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n-pentane
CH3CH2CH2CH2CH3
3000 cm-1
1!0 "13!5 cm-1
2850-2960 cm-1
sat#d $-%
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CH3CH2CH2CH2CH2CH3
n-&e'ane
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2-met&y()*tane ,sopentane
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2.3-d,met&y()*tane
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cyc(o&e'ane
no 13!5 cm-1
no /$%3
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IR of ALKENES
%C—H bond! “unsaturated” &'n
(sp2) 3020-3080 cm-1
+ 6!5-1000
RCH%CH2 + #10-#20 * ##0-1000
R 2C%CH2 + ""0-#00
cis-RCH%CHR + 7-730 (&)
trans-RCH%CHR + #-#7
C%C bond 160-1680 cm-1
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1-decene
910-920 "
990-1000
$%$%2$$ 160-1680
*nsat#d
$-%
3020-
3080
cm-1
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-met&y(-1-pentene
910-920 "
990-1000
$%$%2
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2-met&y(-1-)*tene
880-900
2$$%2
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2.3-d,met&y(-1-)*tene
880-900
2$$%2
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IR spectra EN4ENEs
%C—H bond! “unsaturated” “ar”(sp2) 3000-3100 cm-1
+ 690-80
$ono-subst'tuted + #0-710! 730-770
ortho-d'subst'tuted + 73-770
meta-d'subst'tuted + #0-710! 70-"10($)
para-d'subst'tuted + "10-"40($)
C%C bond 1500. 1600 cm-1
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et&y()enene
690-!10.
!30-!!0 mono-
1500 " 1600
enene r,n
3000-
3100
cm-1
7nsat#d
$-%
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o-'y(ene
!35-!!0
ort&o
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p-'y(ene
810-80m
para
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m-'y(ene
meta
690-!10.
!50-810m
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styrene
no sat#d $-%
910-920 "
990-1000
$%$%2
mono
160
$$
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2-p&eny(propene
mono880-900
2$$%
2
Sat#d $-%
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p-met&y(styrene
para
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IR spectra AL$%LS " E%ES
C—, bond 1050-12!5 ) cm-1
1o R,H 100
2o R,H 1100
3o R,H 110
eters 100-110
,—H bond 3200-360 )
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1-)*tano(
CH3CH2CH2CH2-,H
$- 1o
3200-360 ) -%
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2-)*tano(
$- 2o
-%
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met&y( n-propy( et&er
no --%
$- et&er
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2-)*tanone
$
:1!00 s
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$9%12
$-% *nsat#d "
sat#d
1500 " 1600
)enene
mono
$9%12 / $6%5 -$3%!
,sopropy()enene
n-propy()enene
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n-propy()enene
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,sopropy( sp(,t 13!0 + 1385
,sopropy()enene
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$8%6
$-%
*nsat#d1500. 1600
)enene
mono
$8%6 / $6%5 $2%
p&eny(acety(ene
3300
$-%
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$%8
160-
1680
$$
880-900
2$$%2
,so)*ty(ene $%3 $%3$$%2
7nst#d
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.'c co$pound 's t's/
a) 2-pentanone
b) 1-pentano
c) 1-bro$opentane
d) 2-$etpentane
1-pentano(
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.at 's te co$pound/
a) 1-bro$opentane
b) 1-pentano
c) 2-pentanone
d) 2-$etpentane
2-pentanone
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