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GIS IN AGRICULTURE
BY - ADITYA HOODA
- 11001009091
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GEOGRAPHICAL INFORMATION SYSTEM
A GIS (Geographical Information System) canbe described as a computer mapping and datastorage system, in which data is tied to points,
lines, polygons or pixels on a computer display
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THE HISTORY
First developed in North America,particularly the U.S. and Canada inthe mid-1960s
Previously been used in naturalresources and environmental research
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GIS: OLD AND NEW
Traditional GIS
MAP TYPEWRITER
MANUAL DRAFING
TOOLS
New GIS
COMPUTER PLOTTER CD-ROM
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THE NEED FOR GIS
the real world has a lot of spatial data manipulation, analysis and modeling can be
effective and efficiently carried out with a GIS
the neighborhood of the intended purchase of house
the route for fire-fighting vehicles to the fire area location of historical sites to visit
the earth surface for purposes of army
the earth surface is a limited resource rational decisions on space utilization fast and quality information in decision making
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GIS APPLICATION (I)
environment management of natural resources
land, forest, marine, etc.
monitoring/control of environmental pollution
environment impact study
infrastructure
transport and irrigation management andmaintenance
utility management and maintenance
electric, water, gas, telephone, etc.
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GIS APPLICATION (II)
socio-economy
town and country planning
monitoring of population migration
disperse of resources/servicesclinics, schools, etc
military
land form visualisation
visibility analysis
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BENEFITS OF GIS
improves/enhances the effects of
physical/environmental growth better management of resources
adding new value-added services
perform analysis on spatial and non spatial
components fast recall of data
ability for complex analysis
recalling of non spatial data through object location
display of information in a different light/view multiple scenario in planning can be performed
easily
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Agriculture Sector is changing the socio-economic environments of the population dueto liberalization and globalization
About 75% people are living in rural areasand are still dependent on Agriculture. About43% of Indias geographical area is used foragricultural activity
Agriculture continues to play a major role inIndian Economy
Indian Agriculture
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INDIAN AGRICULTURE
Provides about 65% of the livelihood
Accounts for 27% of GDP
Contributes 21% of Total Exports,and Supplies Raw materials toIndustries
Growth Rate in production - 5.7% Food grains production 211.17 mt
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INDIAS POSITION IN WORLD
AGRICULTURERank
Total Area Seventh Irrigated Area First Population Second Economically Active population Second
Total Cereals Third Wheat Second Rice Second Coarse grains Fourth Total Pulses First Oil Seeds Second Fruits and Vegetables Second Implements (Tractors) Third Milk First Live Stock (castles, Buffaloes) First
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MILE STONES IN AGRICULTURALDEVELOPMENT
Green Revolution (1968)
Ever-Green Revolution (1996)
Blue Revolution (water, fish)White Revolution (Milk)
Yellow Revolution (flower, edible)
Bio-Technology Revolution ICT Revolution
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DEVELOPMENT OF INDIANAGRICULTURE
: BASIC ISSUES
Improving Rural Credits
Research, Education & Extension
Human Resources Development Trade & Export Promotion
Land Reforms
Enabling Environment for higher AgriculturalGrowth
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INFORMATION SYSTEMSREQUIREMENT IN AGRICULTURE
GIS/RS based Systems:
Soil and Land use
Watershed developmentsDisaster management
Cropping systems
Agriculture Resources InformationOrganic farming (bio-fertilisers)
Crop weather watch
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FIELD MAPPING
Position data (georeference data)recorded at predetermined intervals.
Other data recorded manually or
automatically by monitor, computer, ordata logger.
Data displayed by geographic information
system (GIS) in thematic map format.
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SOIL SAMPLING
Georeferenced soil samples can becollected
Sampling MethodsGrid sampling: intensive sampling of entire
field
Directed sampling: intensive sampling of
particular target areas
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YIELD MAPS
Record of spatial yield variability within afield or farm.
GPS data coupled with yield data toproduce map.Mechanically harvested
Hand harvested
Useful tool for decision making.
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COTTON YIELD MAP
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FIELD SCOUTING
Fields can be scouted for a variety ofpests
Pest populations recorded on maps
Decision tools can be applied on a sitespecific basis
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VARIABLE RATE CONTROL
Application rates designed for needs ofsmall sections of a field
GPS determines position of equipment inthe field
Computer controls use GPS data andprescription files to adjust rate
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THANK YOU