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Activant Acclaim

AIX: Basic System Administration

AIX suite: course 1 of 3

Overview

AIX backupMaintain AIX file systemsMake new AIX usersTroubleshoot Port LockupsSystem Shutdown

AIX backup

Must be logged in as rootDone through smit p21#smit p21

AIX backup

AIX backup

Cannot be done performed with users on the systemShould have three tapes in rotationTo check the date of last AIX backup#ls -l .p21aixrest

Backup once a week!

AIX file systems

View levels use the df command

Display in 1 k blocks use the -k flag

AIX file levels

/rootLess than 80 % in the % used column

/varLess than 50 % in the % used columnLess than 50% in the % iused columnCan cause printing problems

AIX file levels

/tmpHave at least 12 MG in the free columnMay cause problems

With AIX backup if there is not enough space

In large Proseries reports if there is not enough free space

AIX file levels

/homeLess then 80 % in the % used columnCan cause users login problemsRegular users may not be able to

Create a filePrint to an AIX file in Prophet 21 application software

AIX file levels

/usr/lpp/p21pro/dbLess then 90 % used in the % used columnHolds Proseries databasesIf it gets to 100 % used, Prophet 21 data may be lost

PayablesReceivablesGeneral ledger

AIX file maintenance

/rootRemove the smit.log and smit.script files

#del smit.log smit.script

Remove the dataserv.lg file#del dataserv.lg

Clear the /etc/security/failedlogin fileFailed login file is used to track failed logins#:> /etc/security/failedlogin


/varClear the /var/Ined.FATAL.LOG file

#:> /var/Ined.FATAL.LOG

Clear the wtmp fileAdded to when a user logs in or out of AIX#:> /var/adm/wtmp


/varCheck for large jobs in the AIX queue

#ls -l /var/spool/qdaemonLet jobs run or cancel themSome may be lost or old print jobs

Check the date on the fileDelete it if needed

To check the contents of the file#more /var/spool/qdaemon/filename


/varCheck for users AIX mail

Users may not be reading their mail#ls -l /var/spool/mailHave users read and delete their old mail


/homeCheck for large files in user directories

#find /home -size +1024 -exec ls -l {} \;find any file that is 1/2 MB or larger in size

Check date on fileDelete them if needed

#del /home/userid/filename


/homeCheck for large mailbox filesUser may not have deleted AIX mail

#find /home -name mbox -exec ls -l {} \;Have user read and delete mail


/homeCheck for large smit.log and smit.script file

#find /home -name smit.log -exec ls -l {} \;#find /home -name smit.script -exec ls -l {} \;

Remove the files from the users directories#del /home/username/smit.log#del /home/username/smit.script


/homeCheck for large .sh_history filesAll users will have this file

#find /home -name .sh_history -exec ls -l {} \;

Delete these files from user directories#del /home/username/.sh_history


/homeCheck for dataserv.lg filesAll Proseries or Acclaim users will have this file

#find /home -name dataserv.lg -exec ls -l {} \;

Remove these files#del /home/username/dataserv.lg


/tmpCheck for user owned reportsCall Prophet 21 if unsure about files

P21 clean

P21 clean is a script that runs every month on the 6th and 22nd“Cleans up” specific files and directories that tend to fill upChecks last good AIX back up and displays if it is older then 6 daysView the clean.log file

#more /tmp/clean.log

Seizing the Command Console

Can be seized from any terminalMust be at an AIX loginCurrent terminal must be logged in as root

#p21 -t tty0

Login to AIX

Basic AIX login

After you enter the user ID, the system will request a password.

Logout of AIX

To exit AIX there are three commandsexitlogout[ctrl] [d]

AIX users

Two types of usersrootAll others

AIX users

Root Known as “the super user”Able to bypass permissionsMany system tasks can only be performed by rootPrompt is a ‘#’ sign

AIX users

All other usersLimited permissionsUse a unique 8 character or less stringKeep letters lowercasePrompt is a ‘$’ sign

Making AIX users

Only root user has this abilityEach user must have an account and password created for them

Directory for each userEnvironment file called “.profile”

/home/userid

Making AIX users

Making an AIX user#mkuser larry

AIX user Passwords

Each AIX user has a password on their account

Unique 8 character or less string

Only root can change other user passwordsEach user can change THEIR OWN password

Making AIX users

Password#passwd larry

Removing AIX users

Removing a user does not remove the user home directory and files#rmuser -p larry

-p flag with remove user password and other authentication information

Remove user files and directory#cd /home#rm -ir ‘username’

Creating network users

Network users need to be mapped effectively to be able to access p21 databasesMust be logged into root to make the mappings

#smit p21

Mapping network users


Insert aix username


P21 port number


Change to effective


P21 device mapping

Troubleshooting-Ports

Ensure there is a current list of port configurations#lstty


What was the user doing when they locked up?Locked up/never logged inLocked up in AIXLocked up in Prophet 21 software


Port locked upIs the terminal turned on?Is the cable secure?

Try control codes on terminal[CTRL] [Q][Shift] [?][CTRL] [C]

Turn terminal off then onEnsure terminal set ups match TTY listing


You can try to… Run the flow/flush command

#clocal -flow /dev/tty5&#clocal -flush /dev/tty5&

Disable and enable port#pdisable tty5#penable tty5


Killing processesDone as a last resortDetermine the child and parent process with the “ps -f” command and kill the child and then the parent processKill -8 is the highest kill signal that should be used


Check for processes with the ps command #ps -ft tty5


Kill command sends a signal to terminate a running process

Kill signal number not required#kill 12345#kill -2 12345

Never kill a parent process until the spawned children processes are terminated!

Never use the kill -9 flag!


Swap equipment to check for failing componentTerminalAdapterCablePort

Troubleshooting-Users

Try control codes on terminal[CTRL] [Q][Shift] [?][CTRL] [C]

Check for user processes#ps -fu ‘username’

All regular users can kill their own processes

Never kill the “init” (PID 1) process!

System reboot

CPU must be taken down properlyGet users to log off P21 systemShutdown Proseries servers:JUMP-TO….PROSHUTDOWN

Prophet 21 must be stopped and offlineUTILITY COMMAND- STUTILITY COMMAND- OFF

NEVER simply power the system down!

Shutdowns

Two types of shutdownsShutdown with automatic reboot

#shutdown -Fr

Shutdown with power down#shutdown -F

Summary

Back up AIXMaintain AIX file systemsMake new AIX usersTroubleshoot port lockupsShutdown system

For More Information…

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