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a/b-Schnittstelle analoge Schnittstelle der Deutschen Bundespost, z. B. am analogen Fernsprechapparat.

100BASE-FX The IEEE specification for 100Mbps Fast Ethernet over fiber-optic cable. 100BASE-TX The IEEE specification for 100Mbps Fast Ethernet over Category 5 twisted-

pair cable. 10BASE-T The IEEE specification for 10Mbps Ethernet over Category 3, 4 or 5 twisted

pair cable. 3270-Terminal Terminal für IBM-Mainframe-Computer

AAL ATM Adaptation LayerAAL 5 ATM Adaptation Layer 5 passt die ATM-Schicht an höhere Protokollschichten

an und findet insbesondere in privaten ATM-Netzen Verwendung. (TCP/IP, LAN Emulation, ILMI, SNMP, Frame Relay)

ABR Available Bit RateAbschirmung Kabelummantelungen dienen z.B. der Abschirmung, um störende Einflüsse

von außen, die die Übertragung verfälschen, zu verhindern. Auch das Gehäuse eines PCs ist im Grunde eine Abschirmung gegenüber Störfrequenzen.

access Zugriff auf Dateien und Unterverzeichnisseaccess methods Zugriffsmethoden: In LANs haben sich im Grunde zwei

Zugriffsmethoden etabliert: Token Passing sowie CSMA/CD (Carrier Sense Multiple Access/Collision Detection). Zugriffsmethoden sind festgelegte Regeln, damit eine im LAN angeschlossene Station auf das Kabel zugreifen und Daten versenden kann. CSMA/CD ist in Bus-Netzen (z.B. Ethernet/IEEE 802.3) und z.B. auch in IEEE 802.3 10Base-T-Netzen mit sternförmiger Verkabelung um Concentratoren eingesetzt. Es erkennt Datenkollisionen und bricht den Datentransfer im Falle einer Kollision ab. (Weitere Sendeversuche nach einem bestimmten Algorithmus bzw. über Zufallsgenerator). Token Passing, z.B. in Arcnet-Netzen, 4 und 16 MBit/s Token Ring, FDDI und TCNS (ein 100 MBit/s Networking System) eingesetzt, erlaubt einen kollisionsfreien Datentransfer, da eine Station nur mittels eines Tokens (spezielles Bit-Muster) senden darf.

ACR Attenuation to Cross Talk RatioDämpfungsnebensprechverhältnis

ACU Automatic Client UpdateADSL Asymmetric Digital Subscriber Line

asymmetrischer digitaler Teilnehmeranschluss( 2, 4, 6 oder 8 Mb/s in Richtung Teilnehmer, bis zu 640 kb/s im Rückkanal )

AFP AppleTalk Filing Protocolageing The automatic removal of dynamic entries from the Switch Database which

have timed-out and are no longer valid. AIS Alarm Indication SignalANSI American National Standards InstituteAntwortzeit Die Zeitdauer, bis eine sendende Station eine Reaktion vom Adressaten

erhält. Die Antwortzeit bestimmt die Netzperformance.AO/DI Always On/Dynamic ISDN

Router-Funktion, die den D-Kanal des ISDN zur Übertragung von Daten mit einer geringen Transferrate (max. 9.600 bit/s) quasi wie eine Festverbindung ausnutzt. Nur bei Bedarf einer wesentlich höheren Bandbreite werden eine oder zwei B-Kanal-Verbindungen aktiviert.

AP Access Point; am Netz fest installierte Sende-/Empfangsstation drahtloser Funknetze

API Application Programming InterfaceAPPC Advanced Program-to-Program CommunicationAPPN Advanced Peer-to-Peer NetworkingAPS Automatic Protection Switching

in der SDH-Welt, auf K1- und K2-Bytes im SDH-Overhead angewiesenAPT Application Programmers' ToolkitARAP Apple Remote Access ProtocolAREQUIPA Application REQuested IP over ATM

Eck, document.doc, 18.05.2023


ARM Application Resource MeassurementARP Address Resolution Protocol, dient zur Ermittlung der MAC-Adresse bei

vorgegebener IP-Adresse.ARPA Advanced Research Project AgencyASCII American Standard Code for Information InterchangeATM Asynchronous Transfer Mode

asynchroner ÜbertragungsmodusATMARP ATM Address Resolution Protocol, Umsetzung von IP-Adressen nach ATM-

Adressen bei Classical IP.AUI Auxiliary Unit Interfaceauto-negotiation A feature on twisted pair ports that allows them to advertise their capabilities

for speed, duplex and flow control. When connected to a port that also supports auto-negotiation, the link can automatically configure itself to the optimum setup.

backbone The part of a network used as a primary path for transporting traffic between network segments.

BACP Bandwdth Allocation Control ProtocolBalanced-hybrid Routing

Balanced-hybrid routing protocols use distance vectors with more accurate metrics to determine the best paths to destination networks. However, they differ from most distance-vector protocols by using topology changes to trigger routing database updates. The balanced-hybrid routing type converges rapidly, like the link-state protocols. However, it differs from distance-vector and link-stateprotocols by using fewer resources such as bandwidth, memory, and processor overhead.

bandwidth The information capacity, measured in bits per second, that a channel can transmit. The bandwidth of Ethernet is 10Mbps, the bandwidth of Fast Ethernet is 100Mbps. The difference between the highest and lowest frequenciesavailable for network signals. The term is also used to describe the ratedthroughput capacity of a given network medium or protocol.

BAUD Bits pro SekundeB channel B channel - Bearer channel. In ISDN, a full-duplex, 64-kbps channel used to send

user data. Compare to D channel, E channel, and H channel. BGP Border Gateway Protocol

Routingprotokoll, z.Zt. BGP-3 und BGP-4 im Einsatzbaud The signalling rate of a line, that is, the number of transitions (voltage or

frequency changes) made per second. Also known as line speed. BECN Backward Explicit Congestion Notification

Bit im Frame Relay FrameBER Bit Error RateBIOS Basic Input/Output SystemBIP Beyond IPB-ISDN Broadband Integrated Services Digital Network

ITU-T communication standards designed to handle high-bandwidth applications such as video. BISDN currently uses ATM technology over SONET-based transmission circuits to provide data rates from 155 to 622 Mbps and beyond. Contrast with N-ISDN. See also BRI, ISDN, and PRI.

BOOTP The BOOTP protocol allows you to automatically map an IP address to a given MAC address each time a device is started. In addition, the protocol can assign the subnet mask and default gateway to a device.

BPDU Bridge Protocol Data Unit: zur Kommunikation zwischen Brücken für den Spanning Tree Algorithmus

BRI Basic Rate Interface. ISDN interface composed of two B channels and one D channel for circuit-switched communication of voice, video, and data. Compare with PRI. See also BISDN, ISDN, and N-ISDN.

bridge A device that interconnects two LANs of a different type to form a single logical network that comprises of two network segments. Bridges learn which endstations are on which network segment by examining the source



addresses of packets. They then use this information to forward packets based on their destination address. This process is known as filtering.

broadcast A packet sent to all devices on a network. broadcast storm Multiple simultaneous broadcasts that typically absorb all the available

network bandwidth and can cause a network to fail. Broadcast storms can be due to faulty network devices.

Broadcasting Gleichzeitige Übermittlung von Nachrichten an mehrere Empfänger. Manche Netzwerkprotokolle schicken Nachrichten als Broadcast an alle Teilnehmer ab, wenn sie die Hardwareadresse des Empfängers nicht kennen.

brouter Bridge and Router CombinationBS Base Station

BasisstationBSD Berkeley Software Distribution, Berkely Style UnixBT Burst ToleranceBU Basic Unit

BasiseinheitBUS Broadcast and Unknown Server, verteilt bei LANE Broadcast-, Multicast-

Verkehr und Pakete mit unbekannten MAC-Adressen an die Endsysteme.CAD/CAM Computer Aided Design/Computer Aided ManufacturingCAM Content-addressable Memory

zur Speicherung von Adresstabellen in SwitchesCAST Computer Aided Software Testing, CAST ToolsCBDS Connectionless Broadband Data ServiceCBR Constant Bit Rate, Continous Bit RateCBT Computer Based TrainingCCITT Comite Consultatif International Telegraphique et Telephonique, Consultative

Committee for International Telegraph and TelephoneCCO Cisco Connection OnlineCD Carrier Detect; Modemsignal; bezeichnet EmpfangssignalpegelCDFS CD-ROM File SystemCDMA Code Division Multiple Access

Vielfachzugriff im CodemultiplexverfahrenCDP Cisco Discovery Protocol provides a single proprietary command that enables

network administrators to access a summary of what the configurations look like on other directly connected routers.

CD-ROM Compact Disc Read-Only MemoryCDV Cell Delay VariationCDVT Cell Delay Variation ToleranceCenelec Comité Européen de Normalisation ElectrotechniqueCER Cell Error RatioCGA Color Graphic AdapterChannel 1.) A communication path. Multiple channels can be multiplexed over a single cable

in certain environments. 2.) In IBM, the specific path between large computers (such as mainframes) and attached peripheral devices.

CHAP Challenge Handshake Authentication ProtocolCHAP - Challenge Handshake Authentication Protocol. Security feature supported on lines using PPP encapsulation that prevents unauthorized access. CHAP does not itself prevent unauthorized access, it merely identifies the remote end. The router or access server then determines whether that user is allowed access. Compare to PAP.

CICS Customer Information Control SystemCID Configuration, Installation, Distribution; IBMs Standard zur automatisierten

Ferninstallation von Software.

CIDR Classless Interdomain Routing, SupernettingZusammenfassung mehrerer IP-Adressen zu einem Gesamtnetz, Netzbits in der Subnetzmaske werden geborgt und zu HostbitsBsp.: Zwei Klasse-C-Netze werden zusammengefasst:1. Klasse-C-Netz: 192.168.0.02. Klasse-C-Netz: 192.168.1.0Netzmaske: 255.255.254.0



CIM Common Information ModelCIR CIR - Committed information rate. The rate at which a Frame Relay network agrees

to transfer information under normal conditions, averaged over a minimum increment of time. CIR, measured in bits per second, is one of the key negotiated tariff metrics. See also Bc.

Circuit Circuit - Communications path between two or more points. Circuit switching Circuit switching - Switching system in which a dedicated physical circuit path

must exist between sender and receiver for the duration of the "call." Used heavily in the telephone company network. Circuit switching can be contrasted with contention and token passing as a channel-access method, and with message switching and packet switching as a switching technique.

CLIB C-LibraryClient server computing

Term used to describe distributed computing (processing) network systems in which transaction responsibilities are divided into two parts: client (front end) and server (back end). Both terms (client and server) can be applied to software programs or actual computing devices. Also called distributed computing (processing). Compare with peer-to-peer computing. See also RPC.

CLIP Classical IP over ATMCLNAP Connectionless Network Access ProtocolCLNS Connectionless Network ServiceCLP Cell Loss PriorityCLR Cell Loss RateCLS Controlled Load ServicesCMIP Common Management Information ProtocolCMIS Common Management Information ServiceCMR Cell Misinsertion RateCNE Certified NetWare EngineerCNI Certified NetWare InstructorCO Central Office

collision A term used to describe two colliding packets in an Ethernet network. Collisions are a part of normal Ethernet operation, but a sudden prolonged increase in the number of collisions can indicate a problem with a device, particularly if it is not accompanied by a general increase in traffic.

Convergence The speed and ability of a group of internetworking devices running a specific routing protocol to agree on the topology of an internetwork after a change in that topology.

CORBA Common Object Request Broker Architecture

Cost Arbitrary value, typically based on hop count, media bandwidth, or other measures, that is assigned by a network administrator and used to compare various paths through an internetwork environment. Cost values are used by routing protocols to determine the most favorable path to a particular destination: the lower the cost, the better the path. Sometimes called path cost. See also routing metric.

Cost of Ownership Summe der Aufwendungen für Anschaffung, Betrieb und Wartung von Systemen

Count to infinity Problem that can occur in routing algorithms that are slow to converge, in which routers continuously increment the hop count to particular networks. Typically, some arbitrary hop-count limit is imposed to prevent this problem.

CPE Customer Premises EquipmentTerminating equipment, such as terminals, telephones, and modems, supplied by the telephone company, installed at customer sites, and connected to the telephone company network.

CPI-C Common Programming Interface-CommunicationsCPU Central Processing UnitCRC Cyclic Redundance CheckCSMA/CA Carrier Sense Multiple Access / Collision AvoidanceCSMA/CD Carrier-sense Multiple Access with Collision Detection. The protocol defined in

Ethernet and IEEE 802.3 standards in which devices transmit only after



finding a data channel clear for a period of time. When two devices transmit simultaneously, a collision occurs and the colliding devices delay their retransmittions for a random length of time.

CSU Channel service unit. Digital interface device that connects end-user equipment to the local digital telephone loop. Often referred to together with DSU, as CSU/DSU. See also DSU.

CTD Cell Transfer DelayCTI computerintegrierte TelefonieCTS Clear to Send; Modemkontrollsignal (RS-232-C); signalisiert

SendebereitschaftCUT Control Unit TerminalDAL Data Access LanguageDARPA Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency

DB2/2 IBMs relationale SQL-Datenbank für OS/2; Client/Server-Funktion über TCP/IP, IPX oder NetBIOS möglich.

DBMS Data Base Management SystemDCB Disc Coprocessor BoardDCD Data Carrier DetectDCE Data Communication Equipment, DÜE=Datenübertragungseinrichtung, z.B.

ModemDCE Distributed Computing Environment, Standardisierungsvorschlag der Open

Software Foundation für verteilte Anwendungen in Computernetzwerken, entspricht zukünftigem Netzwerkbetriebssystem.

DCE Distributed Computing EnvironmentDCOM Distributed Component Object ModelDDE Windows Dynamic Data ExchangeDDR Dial-on-demand routing. Technique whereby a Cisco router can automatically

initiate and close a circuit-switched session as transmitting stations demand. The router spoofs keepalives so that end stations treat the session as active. DDR permits routing over ISDN or telephone lines using an external ISDN terminal adaptor or modem.DDR - Dial-on-demand routing. Technique whereby a Cisco router can automatically initiate and close a circuit-switched session as transmitting stations demand. The router spoofs keepalives so that end stations treat the session as active. DDR permits routing over ISDN or telephone lines using an external ISDN terminal adaptor or modem.

DDS Direct Digital ServiceDE Discard Eligibility

Bit im Frame Relay Frame, das diesen Frame als weniger wichtig markiert. Dieses Bit wird von der DTE gesetzt.

DECnet Digital Equipment Corporation network architecture, Transportprotokoll der Firma Digital Equipment.

DECT Digital Enhanced Cordless Telecommunicationdgitales europäisches Funkfernsprechnetz

Dedicated line Dedicated line - Communications line that is indefinitely reserved for transmissions, rather than switched as transmission is required. See also leased line.

DEE Datenendeinrichtung, DTE=Data Terminal EquipmentDefault route Routing table entry that is used to direct frames for which a next hop is not

explicitly listed in the routing table.Delay The time between the initiation of a transaction by a sender and the

first response received by the sender. Also, the time required to move apacket from source to destination over a given path.

DES Data Encryption StandardDFN Deutsches ForschungsnetzDFÜ DatenfernübertragungDijkstra's algorithm SPF - Shortest path first algorithm. Routing algorithm that iterates on length

of path to determine a shortest-path spanning tree. Commonly used inlink-state routing algorithms. Sometimes called Dijkstra's algorithm. Seealso link state routing algorithm.



DIN Deutsches Institut für NormungDistance-Vector Routing Algorithm

Class of routing algorithms that iterate on the number of hops in a route to find a shortest-path spanning tree. Distance vector routing algorithms call for each router to send its entire routing table in each update, but only to its neighbors. Distance vector routing algorithms can be prone to routing loops, but are computationally simpler than link state routing algorithms. Also called Bellman-Ford routing algorithm. See also link state routing algorithm and SPF.

Distance-Vector Routing

View network topology from neighbor’s perspective.Adds distance vectors from router to router.Frequent, periodic updates: slow convergence:Passes copies of routing tables to neighbor routers.

DLCI Data Link Connection IdentifierDLCI-Werte werden üblicherweise vom Frame Relay Service Provider zugewiesen. Frame Relay DLCIs haben nur lokale Bedeutung, d.h. sie sind nicht eindeutig in einem Frame Relay WAN.DLCI - Data-link connection identifier. Value that specifies a PVC or SVC in a Frame Relay network. In the basic Frame Relay specification, DLCIs are locally significant (connected devices might use different values to specify the same connection). In the LMI extended specification, DLCIs are globally significant (DLCIs specify individual end devices). See also LMI.

DLL Dynamic Link LibraryDMA Direct Memory Access, direkter Datentransfer zwischen einer Interfacekarte

und dem Hauptspeicher des Computers ohne Mitwirkung der CPU.DMTF Desktop Management Task ForceDNS Domain Name ServiceDPT Dynamic Packet Transport

Dynamischer Pakettransport über Glasfaserdoppelringe, verwendet für den Zugriff das Spatial Reuse Protokoll (spatial reuse = räumliche Mehrfachausnutzung).

DS-1 DS-1 - Digital signal level 1. Framing specification used in transmitting digital signals at 1.544-Mbps on a T1 facility (in the United States) or at 2.108-Mbps on an E1 facility (in Europe). Compare with DS-0 and DS-3. See also E1 and T1.

DS-3 DS-3 - Digital signal level 3. Framing specification used for transmitting digital signals at 44.736-Mbps on a T3 facility. Compare with DS-0 and DS-1. See also E3 and T3.

DS-Byte Differentiated Service ByteDSI Data Source IntegrationDSR Data Set Ready; Modemkontrollsignal; signalisiert BetriebsbereitschaftDSU Data service unit. Device used in digital transmission that adapts the physical

interface on a DTE device to a transmission facility such as T1 or E1. The DSU is also responsible for such functions as signal timing. Often referred to together with CSU, as CSU/DSU. See also CSU.

DTAG Deutsche Telekom AGDTE Data Terminal Equipment, DEE= Datenendeinrichtung, z.B. Drucker,

Tastatur, RechnerDTR Data Terminal Ready; Modemkontrollsignal; gibt an, dass Endgerät

betriebsbereit ist.DUAL Diffusing-Update-Algorithm, verwendet von Cisco bei EIGRPDÜE Datenübertragungseinrichtung, DCE= Data Communication EquipmentDVA Distance-Vector-Algorithm, verwendet von Cisco bei IGRPDVB Digital Video Broadcasting

digitale VideosequenzausstrahlungDVMRP Distance-Vector Multicast Routing Protocoldx Duplex, gleichzeitige Datenübertragung in beiden Richtungen, z.B. Telefon.

engl. FD (full duplex)Dynamic routing Routing that adjusts automatically to network topology

or traffic changes. Also called adaptive routing. E1 ISDN interface to primary rate access (PRI). Primary rate access consists of a

single 64-Kbps D channel plus 30 (E1) B channels for voice or data. Compare to BRI. See also BISDN, ISDN, and N-ISDN.E1 - Wide-area digital transmission scheme used predominantly in Europe that



carries data at a rate of 2.048 Mbps. E1 lines can be leased for private use from common carriers. Compare with T1. See also DS-1.

EAB Extended AttributesEBCDIC Extended Binary-Coded Decimal Interchange CodeECMA European Computer Manufacturers’ Association, Sitz in GenfEDC Error Detection CodeEDI Electronic Data InterchangeEDIFACT Electronic Data Interchange for Finance, Administration, Commerce and

TransportEGA Enhanced Graphic AdapterEGP Exterior Gateway Protocol

RoutingprotokollEIA Electronic Industry Association, Ausschuss zur Standardisierung von

Schnittstellen für die Kommunikation, z.B. RS232-C (USA)EIA-530 Refers to two electrical implementations of EIA/TIA-449:

RS-422 (for balanced transmission) and RS-423 (for unbalancedtransmission). See also RS-422, RS-423, and EIA/TIA-449.

EIA/TIA-232 Common physical layer interface standard, developed byEIA and TIA, that supports unbalanced circuits at signal speeds of up to 64kbps. Closely resembles the V.24 specification. Formerly known asRS-232.

EIA/TIA-449 Popular physical layer interface developed by EIA andTIA. Essentially, a faster (up to 2 Mbps) version of EIA/TIA-232 capableof longer cable runs. Formerly called RS-449. See also EIA-530.

EIGRP Enhanced Interior Gateway Routing Protocol.Advanced version of IGRP developed by Cisco. Provides superiorconvergence properties and operating efficiency, and combines theadvantages of link state protocols with those of distance vector protocols.Compare with IGRP. See also IGP, OSPF, and RIP.

EISA Extended Industry Standard Architecture, 32-Bit-BusarchitekturELAN Emulated LAN, Emuliertes LAN, vom ATM-Forum in der LANE spezifizierte

Nachbildung eines Ethernet- oder eines Token-Ring-Netzes auf einem ATM-Netz.

Elfext Equal Level Far End Cross TalkELS Entry Level SolutionEMV Elektromagnetische Verträglichkeitendstation A computer, printer or server that is connected to a network. EPI External Program Interface (proprietäre Schnittstelle innerhalb Spectrum)ERP Enterprise Resource Planning: Anbieter von Software für solche Systeme:

z.B. SAP, Baan Co., Oracle, J. D. Edwards & Co., People SoftESC European Support CenterESDI Enhanced Small Disk InterfaceESI End System IdentifierES-IS End System-to-Intermediate System. OSI protocol that defines how end

systems (hosts) announce themselves to intermediate systems (routers). See also IS-IS.

Ethernet A LAN specification developed jointly by Xerox, Intel and Digital Equipment Corporation. Ethernet networks use CSMA/CD to transmit packets at a rate of 10Mbps over a variety of cables.

Ethernet address 12-stellige Hexadresse, siehe MAC addressFast Ethernet An Ethernet system that is designed to operate at 100Mbps. FastIP Ein System, das den IEEE 802.1Q VLAN-Standard zu benutzen erlaubt, um

die Belastung von Routern zu reduzieren, wenn VLANs implementiert sind und großer Datenverkehr zwischen den VLANs herrscht. A system that uses GVRP to reduce the load on routing devices in networks that have large amounts of inter-VLAN traffic.

FAT File Allocation TableFC Fibre ChannelFC-AL Fibre Channel Arbitrated LoopFD Full DuplexFDD Frequency Division Duplex



FrequenzduplexFDDI Fiber Distributed Data InterfaceFDMA Frequency Division Multiple Access

Frequenzmultiplex-ZugriffsverfahrenFECN Forward Explicit Congestion Notification

Bit im Frame Relay FrameFext Far End Cross TalkFHSS Frequence Hopping Spread Spectrum; von fast allen Herstellern eingesetztes

störunabhängiges, abhörsicheres Übertragungsverfahren; mittels kurzer Datenbursts werden die Informationen auf mindestens 75 Sprungfrequenzen transportiert

filtering The process of screening a packet for certain characteristics, such as source address, destination address, or protocol. Filtering is used to determine whether traffic is to be forwarded, and can also prevent unauthorized access to a network or network devices.

flow control A congestion control mechanism. Congestion is caused by devices sending traffic to already overloaded port on a Switch. Flow control prevents packet loss and and inhibits devices from generating more traffic until the period of congestion ends.

forwarding The process of sending a packet toward its destination using a networking device.

FRAD Frame Relay Access DeviceAny network device that provides a connection between a LAN and a Frame Relay WAN. See also Cisco FRAD and FRAS.

Frame Relay Frame Relay - Industry-standard, switched data link layer protocol that handles multiple virtual circuits using HDLC encapsulation between connected devices. Frame Relay is more efficient than X.25, the protocol for which it is generally considered a replacement. See also X.25.

FSP File Service ProcessFTAM File Transfer, Access and ManagementFTP File Transfer Protocol

Protokoll zur Dateiübertragung in TCP/IP-Netzwerken.

FTP Foiled Twisted PairVerdrilltes Kupferkabel mit einer Schirmfolie, die die Gesamtheit aller Paare umschließt.

FTPD File Transfer Protocol DaemonFTZ Fernmeldetechnisches Zentralamtfull duplex A system that allows packets to be transmitted and received at the same time

and, in effect, doubles the potential throughput of a link. (Engl. Abkürzung: FD, deutsche Abkürzung: dx)

G.703/G.704 ITU-T electrical and mechanical specifications for connections between telephone company equipment and DTE using BNC connectors and operating at E1 data rates.

GARP Generic Attribute Registration Protocol. A system outlined by the IEEE 802.1D standard that allows endstations in a network to register that they would like to receive traffic with certain attributes.

GB GigabyteGCRA Generic Cell Rate AlgorithmGDMO Guide of Definition for Management ObjectsGMRP GARP Multicast Registration Protocol. A specific use of GARP that allows

endstations to register that they would like to receive traffic from certain multicast groups.

GNS Get Nearest Serverbei IPX/SPX

GOSIP Government OSI ProfileGPRS General Packet Radio ServiceGSM Global System for Mobile Communication; ein fast die ganze Welt

umspannendes Mobilfunknetz mit Ausnahme des amerikanischen KontinentsGUI Graphical User InterfaceGVRP GARP VLAN Registration Protocol. A specific use of GARP that allows



endstations to register that they would like to receive traffic for certain VLANs. GWIA Groupware-Internet-Agenthalf duplex A system that allows packets to transmitted and received, but not at the same

time. Contrast with full duplex. (Engl. Abkürzung: HD, deutsche Abkürzung: hx)

HCC Horizontal Cross ConnectHD Half DuplexHDLC High level Data Link Control

Bit-oriented synchronous data link layer protocol developed by ISO. Derived from SDLC, HDLC specifies a data encapsulation method on synchronous serial links using frame characters and checksums. See also SDLC.

HDSL High-bit-rate Digital Subscriber Linedigitaler Teilnehmeranschluss mit hoher Bitrate

HEC Header Error ControlHeader Control information placed before data when encapsulating that

data for network transmission. Compare with trailer. See also PCI.HFS Hierarchical File SystemHLLAPI High-Level Language Application Program Interface, Programmschnittstelle

(API) für höhere Programmiersprachen (z.B. COBOL, Pascal, Basic)HMI Hub Management InterfaceHolddown State into which a route is placed so that routers will neither advertise the

route nor accept advertisements about the route for a specific length of time (the holddown period). Holddown is used to flush bad information about a route from all routers in the network. A route is typically placed in holddown when a link in that route fails. (hold-down timers)

Hop Term describing the passage of a data packet between two network nodes (for example, between two routers). See also hop count.

Hop count Routing metric used to measure the distance between a source and a destination. RIP uses hop count as its sole metric. See also hop and RIP.

Hot Swap Austauschen von Modulen während des laufenden Betriebes

HSL Hub Support LayerHTML Hypertext Markup LanguageHTTP Hypertext Transfer Protocolhub A device that regenerates LAN traffic so that the transmission distance of that

signal can be extended. Hubs are similar to repeaters, in that they connect LANs of the same type; however they connect more LANs than a repeater and are generally more sophisticated.

hx Halbduplex, Daten können abwechselnd in zwei Richtungen übertragen werden, aber zu einem Zeitpunkt nur Senden oder nur Empfangen. engl. HD (Half Duplex)

Hybrid Routing An emerging third type of routing protocol combines aspects of both distance-vector and link-state routing. This third type is called balanced-hybrid routing.

I/O Input/OutputIBM International Business Machines CorporationIBM Peer IBMs Peer-to-Peer-Netzwerksoftware für OS/2, basierend auf LAN-Server-

Technologie, kompatibel auch zu Windows NT und Windows für Workgroups.

ICC Intermediate Cross ConnectICMP Internet Control Message Protocol, wird von der Internet-Protokoll-Ebene (IP

von TCP/IP) benutzt, um Steuerinformationen für die Wegeauswahl auszutauschen.

ICSY Integrated Communications SystemsIDF Intermediate Distribution FacilityIDN Integrated Digital NetworkIEC International Electrotechnical CommissionIEEE Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Standardisierungsgremium in

den USA, gegründet 1963, für Computer und Kommunikation, z.B. LAN IEEE 802.



IEEE 802.1d A standard that defines the behavior of bridges in an Ethernet network.IEEE 802.1p A standard that defines GMRP and traffic prioritization.IEEE 802.1q A standard that defines VLAN tagging and GVRP. IEEE 802.3x A standard that defines a system of flow control for ports that operate in full

duplex. IETF Internet Engineering Task Force. An organization responsible for providing

engineering solutions for TCP/IP networks. In the network management area, this group is responsible for the development of the SNMP protocol.

IFM Intelligent Flow ManagementIF-MUX Interface Multiplexer

Schnittstellen-MultiplexerIGMP Internet Group Multicast ProtocolIGMP Internet Group Management Protocol. An IP-based multicast filtering system

that allows endstations to register that they would like to receive traffic from certain multicast groups.

IGP Interior Gateway Protocol. Internet protocol used to exchangerouting information within an autonomous system. Examples of commonInternet IGPs include IGRP, OSPF, and RIP. See also IGRP, OSPF, andRIP.

IGRP Interior Gateway Routing Protocol. IGP developed by Cisco toaddress the problems associated with routing in large, heterogeneousnetworks. Compare with Enhanced IGRP. See also IGP, OSPF, and RIP.

Routinginformationen werden nur alle 90s (Default) ausgetauscht.Detaillierte Metrik:Delay Timer (Werte zwischen 1 und 224)Bandbreite (band width) (Werte zwischen 1200 bps und 10 Gbps)Auslastung (load) (Werte zwischen 1 und 255)Zuverlässigkeit (reliability) (Werte zwischen 1 und 255)

Bsp.:MTU 1500 bytes, BW 56 Kbit, DLY 20000 sec, rely 255/255, load 9/255

IIOP Internet Inter Object Request BrokerIIS Internet Information Server

Bestandteil von NT 4.0 ServerILMI Interim Local Management Interface, im Rahmen der UNI vom ATM-Forum

definiert; dient zur Kontrolle von ATM-Geräten von Netzwerkmanagementstationen und zum Informationsaustausch zwischen Endsystemen und ATM-Switch.

IMAP4 Internet Message Access Protocol Version 4IMSP Independent Manufacturer Support ProgramIntegrated IS-IS Routing protocol based on the OSI routing protocol IS-IS, but with support for

IP and other protocols. Integrated IS-IS implementations send only one set of routing updates, making it more efficient than two separate implementations. Formerly referred to as Dual IS-IS. Compare with IS-IS.

Intelligent Flow Management

Intelligent Flow Management. A means of holding packets back at the transmit port of the connected endstation. Prevents packet loss at a congested switch port. Also known as IFM.

Intelligent Switching Mode

A packet forwarding mode, where the Switch monitors the amount of error traffic on the network and changes the method of packet forwarding accordingly.

IOS Internetwork Operating System (Cisco)IP Internet Protocol, Ebene 3 (ISO/OSI-Modell) der TCP/IP Netzwerk-Protokolle.

IP transportiert Datenpakete über mehrere Netze zum Empfänger. IP is a layer 3 network protocol that is the standard for sending data through a network. IP is part of the TCP/IP set of protocols that describe the routing of packets to addressed devices.

IP address Internet Protocol address. A unique identifier for a device attached to a network using TCP/IP. The address is written as four octets separated with periods (full-stops), and is made up of a network section, an optional subnet



section and a host section. IPC Interprocess CommunicationsIPS Intelligent Protection Switching

Bestandteil des DTP-Konzepts, ermöglicht das Performance-Monitoring des gesamten Ringes sowie „Selbstheilung“ und Wiederherstellung von IP-Diensten beim Ausfall von Knoten oder Faserbruch.

IPX Internetwork Packet Exchange. IPX is a layer 3 and 4 network protocol designed for networks that use Novell Netware.

IPX Internet Packet Exchange. Transportprotokoll, das Novell zusammen mit NetWare entwickelt hat.

IrDA Infrared Data Association; Datenraten von 115000 b/s, 1,152 Mb/s, 4 Mb/s bei 1 bis 3 m Reichweite; die Verbindung von IR-Beamer und mobilem Gerät erfolgt automatisch bei Sichtverbindung mit höchsten gemeinsamen Datenrate

IRQ Interrupt Request LineISA Industry Standard ArchitectureISAM Indexed Sequential Access Method, suchen nach einem bestimmten

Datensatz über einen Index, z.B. Btrieve arbeitet nach dieser MethodeISDN Integrated Services Digital Network

diensteintegrierendes digitales NetzISDN-BA ISDN Basic Access

ISDN-BasisanschlussISDN-PRA ISDN Primary Access

ISDN-PrimärmultiplexanschlussISLISM weltweit für Industrie, Wissenschaft und Medizin reservierte, zulassungsfreie

SendefrequenzISO International Standardization Organization:

internationale StandardisierungsorganisationStandardisierungsorganisation, die unter anderem ein Schichtenmodell für die Kommunikation in Netzwerken definiert hat (siehe OSI-Modell).

ISP Internet Service ProviderInternet-Diensteanbieter

IS-IS Intermediate System-to-Intermediate System. OSI link-statehierarchical routing protocol based on DECnet Phase V routing whereby ISs(routers) exchange routing information based on a single metric to determinenetwork topology. Compare with Integrated IS-IS. See also ES-IS andOSPF.

ISV Independant Software VendorITU-T International Telecommunication Union-Telecommunication Standardization

Sector, ehemals CCITTJPEG Joint Photographic Experts GroupKB Kilobyte = 1024 BytesLAA Locally Administered Address, lokal vergebene Netzwerkadapteradresse.

LAN Local Area Network: Kommunikationsnetz mit Fileserver-Konzept für Daten-, Platten- und Peripherieverwaltung zur gemeinsamen Nutzung durch die Netzteilnehmer. Ein LAN steht rechtlich unter der Kontrolle des Benutzers und ist auf das Firmengelände begrenzt. A network of endstations (such as PCs, printers, servers) and network devices (hubs and switches) that cover a relatively small geographic area (usually not larger than a floor or building). LANs are characterized by high transmission speeds over short distances (up to 1000m).

LANE LAN EmulatorLANE LAN Emulation, vom ATM-Forum festgelegte Spezifikation für ein emuliertes

LAN auf einem ATM-Netz.LAT Local Area Transportprotocol; Netzwerkprotokoll innerhalb der DEC-Welt,

hauptsächlich für Terminalserver im Ethernet-LAN eingesetzt.latency The delay between the time a device receives a packet and the time the

packet is forwarded out of the destination port. LAT-Protokoll Local Area Transportprotokoll; Netzwerkprotokoll innerhalb der DEC-Welt,



hauptsächlich für Terminalserver im Ethernet-LAN eingesetzt.

LCD Loss of Cell delineation (synchronization)LCP Link Control Protocol

in Verbindung mit PPPPPP uses another of its major components, the Link Control Protocol (LCP), to negotiate and set up control options on the WAN data link.

LE LAN EmulationLE-ARP LAN Emulation ARP, Umsetzung von MAC-Adressen nach ATM-Adressen bei

LANE.LEC LAN Emulation Client, realisiert die LANE-Schnittstelle auf Endsystemen. Löst

Adressen auf, baut ATM-Verbindungen auf und verschickt Daten über ATM.LECS LAN Emulation Configuration Server, ordnet LAN Emulation Clients ihrem

emulierten LAN zu.LES LAN Emulation Server, Kontrollstation des emulierten LAN, dient

insbesondere zur Adressauflösung.line speed Siehe baud. Link Link - Network communications channel consisting of a circuit or transmission path

and all related equipment between a sender and a receiver. Most often used to refer to a WAN connection. Sometimes referred to as a line or a transmission link.

Link-State Routing Algorithm

Routing algorithm in which each router broadcasts or multicasts information regarding the cost of reaching each of its neighbors to all nodes in the internetwork. Link state algorithms create a consistent view of the network and are therefore not prone to routing loops, but they achieve this at the cost of relatively greater computational difficulty and more widespread traffic (compared with distance vector routing algorithms). Compare with distance vector routing algorithm.

Link-State Routing Gets common view of entire network topology.Calculates the shortest path to other routers.Event-triggered updates: faster convergence.Passes link-state routing updates to other routers.

LIS Logical IP Subnetwork, IP-(Sub-)Netz auf einem ATM-Netz, erlaubt Punkt-zu-Punkt-Verbindungen zwischen Endsystemen.

LL Leased LineStandleitung

LLC Logcal Link Control, zweite Unterebene der Datalink-Ebene des OSI-ModellsLLC/SNAP Logical Link Control/Subnetwork Access Point, von der IEEE definierte

Verpackung von Protokollen.Load The amount of activity on a network resource such as a router or link.LOF Loss of Frameloop An event that occurs when two network devices are connected by more than

one path, thereby causing packets to repeatedly cycle around the network and not reach their destination.

LMI Link Management Interface (auch: Local Management Interface)LMI wurde vom Frame Relay Forum vorgeschlagen.

LOP Loss of AU PointerLOS Loss of SignalLPD Line Printer Daemon, . Unix-Software für das Drucken im NetzwerkLSA Link-state advertisement. Broadcast packet used by link-state protocols that

contains information about neighbors and path costs. LSAs are used by the receiving routers to maintain their routing tables. Sometimes called a link-state packet (LSP).

LSAPI License Service API (zum Softwarelizenz-Management)LSA-Werkzeug Lötstellenfreies Anlege-Werkzeug (punchdown tool)LSL Link Support Layer

Protokollmultiplexer, der die gleichzeitige Verwendung verschiedener Protokolle (IP. IPX, AppleTalk, etc.) auf einer Netzwerkarte gestattet.

LSM LANtern Services ManagerLSP link-state packet, s.a. LSALU Logical Unit



MAC Media Access Control: Erste Unterebene der Datalink-Ebene des OSI-ModellsMAC address Media Access Control address; also called hardware or physical address. A

layer 2 address associated with a particular network device. Most devices that connect to a LAN have a MAC address assigned to them as they are used to identify other devices in a network. MAC addresses are 6 bytes long.

main port The port in a resilient link that carries data traffic in normal operating conditions.

MAN Metropolitan Area Network, ein auf Stadtgebiet begrenztes NetzMAP Manufacturing Automation Protocol, Standardisierungsvorschlag in der

industriellen Fertigung zur ProduktionsautomatisierungMAPI Mail Application Program InterfaceMAPI Messaging API (bei der Kommunikation in Mailsystemen)MAU Multistation Access Unit, im Token-Ring-LAN Ringleitungsverteiler, an die

Stationen angeschlossen werden.MAU Medium Attachment Unit, unter IEEE 802.3: Transceiver und dessen

Anschluss an das EthernetkabelMb MegabitMB MegabyteMBS Maximum Burst SizeMCA Micro Channel ArchitectureMCGA Multicolor Graphics ArrayMCR Minimum Cell RateMCTD Mean Cell Transfer DelayMDF Main Distribution FacilityMDI Medium Dependent Interface. An Ethernet port connection where the

transmitter of one device is connected to the receiver of another device. MDI-X Medium Dependent Interface Cross-over. An Ethernet port connection where

the internal transmit and receive lines are crossed. MHS Message Handling Service, bei Novell ein Softwareprodukt, das den

Nachrichtenaustausch von E-Mail-Systemen innerhalb eines LANs und zwischen verschiedenen LANs unterstützt.

MHS Message Handling System, elektronischer Nachrichtenaustausch (E-Mail-Systeme) gemäß CCITT-Empfehlungen X.400

MIB Management Information Base: Eine MIB enthält die Beschreibung der in einem Netzwerk angeschlossenen Objekte und Funktionen, die verwaltet werden können. A collection of information about the management characteristics and parameters of a networking device. MIBs are used by the Simple Network Management Protocol (SNMP) to gather information about the devices on a network. The Switch contains its own internal MIB.

MIDI Musical Instrumental Digital InterfaceMIF Management Information FileMIME Multipurpose Internet Mail ExtensionMIS Management Information SystemsMLID Multiple Link Interface Driver

Spezifikation für NetWare-konforme NetzwerkartentreiberMLT 3 Multi Level Transmit 3: Signalkodierung mit 3 Stufen, Änderung bei „1“MMF Multi Mode Fibre (Multimode Glasfaser)Modem Modulator - DemodulatorMPC MPOA-Client

MPEG Motion Pictures Experts Group

MPOA Multi Protocol Over ATM

MPS MPOA-Server

MPTS/2 Multi Protocol Transport Services für OS/2. Eine Sammlung von NDIS-Treibern für Netzwerkkarten und darauf aufbauenden Protokolltreibern. Die Netzwerkanwendungen Peer 1.0, LAN Requester und TCP/IP setzen auf MPTS/2 auf.

MSAF Multimedia Services Affiliate Forum (affiliate = aufnehmen)MSVC Meta-Signaling Virtual Channel



MTA Message Transfer Agent, in X.400MTBF Meantime Between FailureMulticast A packet sent to a specific group of endstations on a network. multicast filtering A system that allows a network device to only forward multicast traffic to an

endstation if it has registered that it would like to receive that traffic. Multilink-PPP Multilink Point-to-Point-Protocol

Verbindung über zwei Basiskanäle

MVS Multiple Virtual Storagen/a not applicable (nicht anwendbar)NACS NetWare Asynchronous Communications ServerNAEC Novell Authorized Education CenterNAL Novell Application LauncherNAS Network Attached StorageNAS Network Application SupportNASC Novell Authorized Support CenterNAT Network Address Translation

NAT führt ein One-to-One Mapping von internen auf externe IP-Adressen durch ( und umgekehrt). Voller Zugriff auf Rechner im Netz von außen bleibt gewährleistet. Multi-Internet kombiniert NAT mit PAT.

NAU Network Addressable UnitNCB NetBIOS Control Block, Datenstruktur bei der Programmierung von NetBIOS-

Kommunikation.

NCP NetWare Core Protocol: Novells Protokoll der Kommunikation zwischen NetWare-Servern und –Clients, gesicherte Übertragung durch verbindungsorientierte Kommunikation.

NDIS Network Driver Interface Specification: Einheitliche Softwareschnittstelle für Netzwerktreiber unter DOS und OS/2, von IBM, Microsoft und 3COM entwickelt.

NDS Novell Directory ServicesNEST Novell Enhanced Support TrainingNetBEUI NetBIOS Extended User Interface; neuere Bezeichnung für das NetBIOS-

Protokoll im engeren Sinne, also das tatsächlich auf dem Transportmedium verwendete Protokoll.

NetBIOS Network Basic Input/Output System: Transportprotokoll für Netzwerke, entwickelt von IBM. Im engeren Sinne: die zur Programmierung von NetBIOS-Kommunikation verwendete Programmierschnittstelle.

Next Near End Cross Talk

NFS Network File System: Netzwerkdateisystem in TCP/IP-Netzwerken, ursprünglich von Sun unter dem Namen ONC (Open Network Computing) entwickelt.

NHRP Next Hop Resolution ProtocolNIC Network Information CenterNIC Network Interface Card: A circuit board installed in an endstation that allows it

to be connected to a network. NICA Novell Integrated Computing ArchitectureNIF Network Information File. Informationsdatei, welche die

Konfigurationsparameter für NDIS-Treiber beschreibt.

N-ISDN Narrowband ISDN. Communication standards developed by the ITU-T for baseband networks. Based on 64-kbps B channels and 16- or 64-kbps D channels. Contrast with BISDN. See also BRI, ISDN, and PRI.

NLM NetWare Loadable ModuleNLSP NetWare Link-Services Protocol

in Verbindung mit RIP zur Routenfindung bei IPX eingesetztNMA NetWare Management AgentNMS Network Management System



NNI Network to Network Interface (auch: network-node interface, die Unterscheidung ist spitzfindig und nicht wichtig)

NNS NetWare Name ServiceNOS Network Operating Systemnrt-VBR non-real time Variable Bit RateNRU Novell Reseller UniversityNSC/2 Network Signon Coordinator für OS/2, Tool von IBM zur Synchronisation der

Logons für mehrere Netzwerkbetriebssysteme beziehungsweise -applikationen.

NSE Network Support EncyclopediaNSM NetWare Services ManagerNSP Network Service ProviderNTC Novell Technologie CentrumNTS Novell Technical SupportNTS/2 Network Transport Services für OS/2, Vorläufer von MPTS/2.

NUI NetWare Users International (Novell)NUI Network User Identification, eine Kennung, die durch den Anbieter eines

öffentlichen oder privaten Netzes an den Teilnehmer als Zugangsberechtigung vergeben wird. Die Telecom vergibt z.B. eine NUI für den Zugang zu einem PAD.

NVRAM Non Volatile Random Access MemoryNicht flüchtiger Speicher mit wahlfreiem Zugriff

NVT Novell Virtual TerminalOAM Operation, Administration and Maintenance (M = Wartung, Instandhaltung)OC12 ATM mit 622 Mb/s (Optical Carrier)OC3 ATM mit 155 Mb/sODI Open Datalink Interface: Softwareschnittstelle für Netzwerktreiber für DOS-

und OS/2-Betriebssysteme (Novell).

ODMA Open Document Management Application Program InterfaceODR On Demand stub Routes

Kommando unter: Router(config)# router ?OEM Original Equipment ManufacturerOLTP Online Transaction ProcessorONU Optical Network Unit

optische NetzanschlusseinheitOPT Open Protocol TechnologyOS Operating SystemOSF Open Software FoundationOSI Open System InterconnectionOSI-Modell Open Systems Interconnection; abstraktes Referenzmodell für

Datenkommunikationsprotokolle. Es teilt die Kommunikation zwischen verschiedenen Rechnern in 7 Abstraktionsschichten ein, die verschiedene Aspekte der Kommunikation beschreiben.

OSPF Open Shortest Path First, Routing-Potkoll, RFC 1583Link-state, hierarchical IGP routing algorithm proposed as a successor to RIP in the Internet community. OSPF features include least-cost routing, multipath routing, and load balancing.OSPF was derived from an early version of the ISIS protocol. See alsoEnhanced IGRP, IGP, IGRP, IS-IS, and RIP.

OUI Organisation Unique Identifierverwendet beim SNAP-Datenrahmen

PABX Private Automatic Branch Exchangeprivate automatische Nebenstellenanlage

PACE Priority Access Control Enabled. 3Com technology that allows Switch units to control the latency and jitter associated with transmitting multimedia traffic over Ethernet and Fast Ethernet.

Packet switching Packet switching - Networking method in which nodes share bandwidth with each other by sending packets. Compare with circuit switching and message switching. See also PSN (packet-switched network).



PAD Packet Assembly/Disassembly Facility, paketiert Daten für X.25-Protokoll und entpaketiert Daten vom X.25-Protokoll

PAP Password Authentication Protocol PAP - Password Authentication Protocol. Authentication protocol that allows PPP peers to authenticate one another. The remote router attempting to connect to the local router is required to send an authentication request. Unlike CHAP, PAP passes the password and host name or username in the clear (unencrypted). PAP does not itself prevent unauthorized access, but merely identifies the remote end. The router or access server then determines if that user is allowed access. PAP is supported only on PPP lines. Compare with CHAP.

PAP/CHAP Sicherheit durch: Password Authentication Protocol in Verbindung mit Challenge Handshake Authentication Protocol

PAP Printer Access Protocol PAT Port Address Translation

Alle Hosts in einem Netzwerk werden nach außen auf eine gültige externe IP-Adresse abgebildet. Sämtliche Rechner im Netzwerk werden hinter der einen sichtbaren IP_Adresse versteckt (Firewall).

PBX Private Branch Exchange (Telefon)PC Personal ComputerPCI Protocol control information. Control information added to user data

to comprise an OSI packet. The OSI equivalent of the term header. Seealso header.

PCMCIA Personal Computer Memory Card International AssociationPCR Peak Cell Rate (Spitzenzellrate)PDH Plesiochronous Digital HierarchyPDN Public Data NetworkPDP Professional Developers' ProgramPeer-to-peer computing

Peer-to-peer computing calls for each network device to run both client and server portions of an application. Also describes communication between implementations of the same OSI reference model layer in two different network devices. Compare with client-server computing.

PIC Product Information CoursePID Protocol IdentifierPIM Personal Information ManagerPimf Pair in metal foil

Verdrilltes Kupferkabel mit einer Schirmfolie um jedes einzelne Paar, ergänzt durch ein Schirmgeflecht, das die Gesamtheit der foliengeschirmten Paare umschließt.

PING Packet Internet GroperPLP Packet level protocol. Network layer protocol in the X.25 protocol stack.

Sometimes called X.25 Level 3 or X.25 Protocol. See also X.25. PMP Point to Multi-Point

Punkt-zu-MehrpunktPNNI Private Network to Network InterfacePOA Post Office Agentport trunk Eine Verbindung, z.B. zwischen Switches, die aus aus bis zu 4 parallelen

Verbindungen bestehen kann. Cisco-Bezeichnung: Ether Channel, Fast Ether Channel, Giga Ether Channel

POSIX Portable Operating System Interface for UNIXPOST Power On Self Test. An internal test that a Switch carries out when it is

powered-up.POTS Plain Old Telephone Service

einfacher, herkömmlicher Fernsprechdienst

PPP Point-to-Point-Protocol: RFC 1661, RFC 1332Netzwerkprotokoll für WAN-Verbindungen zur Verbindung von TCP/IP-Netzwerken über serielle Kommunikationsverbindungen (Modem, ISDN (ein B-Kanal)).PPP - Point-to-Point Protocol. A successor to SLIP, PPP providesrouter-to-router and host-to-network connections over synchronous and



asynchronous circuits. See also SLIP.PPP runs on the following types of WAN physical interfaces:

Asynchronous serial ISDN Synchronous serial

PPTP Point-To-Point Tunneling ProtocolPRI Primary Rate Interface.

ISDN interface to primary rate access. Primary rate access consists of a single 64-Kbps D channel plus 23 (T1) or 30 (E1) B channels for voice or data. Compare to BRI. See also BISDN, ISDN, and N-ISDN.

Privileged mode Cisco Router: Typical tasks include those that change the router configuration.PRMD Private Management Domain, umfasst mindestens einen MTA und einen oder

mehrere UAs in X.400.PROFS Professional Offce SystemPROM Programmable Read-Only Memoryprotocol A set of rules for communication between devices on a network. The rules

dictate format, timing, sequencing and error control. PSNEXT Power Sum Near End Cross TalkPU Physical Unit, (LU 6.2) im SNA-NetzPVC Permanent Virtual Connections, ist eine Verbindung, die durch einen externen

Mechanismus, typisch das Netzwerkmanagement, aufgesetzt wird. Das Setzen der Switches zwischen einer ATM-Quelle und einem ATM-Ziel wird durch Programmierung mit geeigneten VPI/VCI-Werten bewirkt. Manuelle Eingriffe sind erforderlich.

PVC Permanent Virtual Circuit (in Verbindung mit Frame Relay)In frühen Frame Relay-Implementationen musste ein Router (DTE) für jeden PVC ein eigenes serielles WAN-Interface haben.

QBE Query by ExampleQIC Quarter Inch Cartridge Drive StandardsQoS Quality of ServiceQueue 1.) Generally, an ordered list of elements waiting to be processed.

2.) In routing, a backlog of packets waiting to be forwarded over a routerinterface.

RAID Redundant Array of Inexpensive Disks, Redundant Array of Independant Disks

RAM Random Access Memory, Schreib- LesespeicherRARP Reverse Address Resolution ProtocolRCS Resource Construction SetRDBMS Relational DBMSRDI Remote Defect IndicationReliability Ratio of expected to received keepalives from a link. If the ratio is high, the

line is reliable. Used as a routing metric.

Remote Access Zugriff einer physikalisch nicht im Netzwerk verkabelten Station auf das Netzwerk per Wähl- oder Standleitung

repeater A simple device that regenerates LAN traffic so that the transmission distance of that signal can be extended. Repeaters are used to connect two LANs of the same network type.

resilient link A pair of ports that can be configured so that one takes over data transmission should the other fail. See also main port and standby port.

RFC Request For CommentRI Ring Indicator, ankommender RufRIP Routing Information Protocol

IGP supplied with UNIX BSD systems. The most common IGP in the Internet. RIP uses hop count as a routing metric. See also Enhanced IGRP, hop count, IGP, IGRP, and OSPF.

RIPE Réseau IP Européeneuropäisches IP-Netzwerkzuständig zur IP-Adressvergabe in Europa,



in Deutschland ca. 6 Institutionen, z.B. DTAG, DFN, XLINK (Karlsruhe), NIC (Network Information Center) an der Uni Karlsruhe

RISC Reduced Instruction Set ComputerRJ12 Standardbuchse für serielle Verkabelung (Western-Buchse)

RJ-45 Registered Jack-45RJE Remote Job EntryRLL Radio in Local Loop

Funk im TeilnehmeranschlussbereichRLL Run Length Limited, Codierungsverfahren für FestplattenRLP Resource Location ProtocolRMF Remote Management FacilityRMON IETF Remote Monitoring MIB: A MIB that allows you to remotely monitor

LANs by addressing up to nine different groups of information. roaming umherwandern; bezeichnet ein technisches Verfahren, das bei überlappenden

Funkfeldern den bestmöglichen Empfang sicherstelltROM Read Only Memory; Lesespeicher

Router A device that provides WAN links between geographically separate networks. Routing Loop Route where packets never reach their destination, but simply cycle

repeatedly through a constant series of network nodes.Routing Metrics Components

Internetwork Delay, Bandwith, Reliability, Load

roving analysis A system that allows you to copy the traffic from one port on a Switch to another port on the Switch. Roving analysis is used when you want to monitor the physical characteristics of a LAN segment without changing the characteristics by attaching a monitoring device.

RPC Remote Procedure Call (zur Unterstützung von Client-Server-Applikationen)RPC - Remote-procedure call. Technological foundation of client-server computing. RPCs are procedure calls that are built or specified by clients and executed on servers, with the results returned over the network to the clients. See also client-server computing.

RPS Redundant Power System. A device that provides a backup source of power when connected to a Switch.

RS 232 RS 232 ist eine von EIA (Electronics Industries Association) definierte Schnittstelle zwischen Datenübertragungs- und Datenend-Einrichtungen für den seriellen, digitalen und binären Datenaustausch, V.24 / V.28

RS 422 Standard für serielle Differenzial-Schnittstelle für symmetrische Datenübertragung, V.11, X.27RS-422 - Balanced electrical implementation of EIA/TIA-449 for high-speed data transmission. Now referred to collectively with RS-423 asEIA-530. See also EIA-530 and RS-423.

RS 423 Standard für serielle Differenzial-Schnittstelle für asymmetrische Datenübertragung, V.10, X.26RS-423 - Unbalanced electrical implementation of EIA/TIA-449 forEIA/TIA-232 compatibility. Now referred to collectively with RS-422 asEIA-530. See also EIA-530 and RS-422.

RSVP Resource Reservation Protocol (RFC 2205)rt-VBR real time Variable Bit RateRTP Real Time-Protocol (RFC 1889), Transportprotokoll für Echtzeitanwendungen,

das in UDP und IP verpackt wird. Es beinhaltet keine Bandbreitenreservierung oder keinen Quality of Service, ermöglicht aber auch Point-to-Multipointverbindungen

RTS Request to Send; Modemkontrollsignal (Sendeteil einschalten)

RxD Received DataSAA Systems Application Architecture, allgemeine Regeln für IBM-Rechnerwelt,

z.B. einheitliches Userinterface, einheitliche Kommunikations- und Programmschnittstellen

SAN Storage Area NetworkSAP Service Advertising Protocol, von Novell definierte Schnittstelle, um Software



anderer Hersteller in eine NetWare-Umgebung einzubinden.SAPI Speech Application Program InterfaceSBK System Builder's KitSCO Santa Cruz OperationSCR Sustained Cell Rate (durchschnittliche Zellrate)SCSI Small Computer System InterfaceScTP Screened Twisted PairSDH Synchronous Digital HierarchySDK Software Development KitSDLC Synchronous Data Link Control, bitorientiertes Übertragungsprotokoll in SNA-

Netzwerken (IBM) zur Verbindungssteuerung.SDMA Space-Division Mutiple Accesssegment A section of a LAN that is connected to the rest of the network using a switch

or bridge. server A computer in a network that is shared by multiple endstations. Servers

provide endstations with access to shared network services such as computer files and printer queues.

SES Strategic Engineering SupportSFT System Fault ToleranceS-FTP Screened Foiled Twisted Pair

Verdrilltes Kupferkabel mit einer Schirmfolie, die die Gesamtheit aller Paare umschließt in Kombination mit einem Schirmgeflecht, das die Folie leitend umschließt.

SLIP Serial Line Internet Protocol: älteres Protokoll zur Verbindung von TCP/IP-Netzwerken über serielle Kommunikationsverbindungen. A protocol that allows IP to run over a serial line (console port) connection.SLIP - Serial Line Internet Protocol. A protocol standard which defines a sequence of characters that frame IP packets on a serial line. Predecessor of PPP. See also CSLIP and PPP.

SMB Server Message Block [Protocol]; Protokoll für Datei-, Druck- und andere Serverdienste im Netzwerk. (Zusammenstellen und Abschicken der Pakete in IBM-Umgebung)

SMBP Server Message Block Protocol; Protokoll für Datei-, Druck- und andere Serverdienste im Netzwerk. (Zusammenstellen und Abschicken der Pakete in IBM-Umgebung)

SMDS Switched Multi-Megabit Data ServiceSMF Standard Message FormatSMF Single Mode Fibre (Monomode oder Einmoden-Glasfaser)S/MIME Secure Multipurpose Internet Mail ExtensionSMP Symmetrisches MultiprocessingSMTP Simple Mail Transfer Protocol, TCP/IP-Anwendung für den einffachen

Austausch von NachrichtenSNA Systems Network Architecture

Familie von im IBM-Großrechnerbereich verwendeten Netzwerkprotokollen.

SNADS Systems Network Architecture Distribution ServicesSNMP Simple Network Management Protocol: Ein Protokoll aus der TCP/IP-Welt

zum Transport von Managementinformationen. Zu den Bestandteilen eines SNMP-basierenden Mangementsystems zählen ein Agent, ein Manager sowie eine MIB. The current IETF standard protocol for managing devices on an TCP/IP network.

SNR Signal to Noise Ratio

Sockets Mit BSD Unix eingeführte Softwareschnittstelle zur Interprozesskommunikation. über TCP/IP auch im Netzwerk möglich.

SOHO Small Office / Home OfficeSONET Synchronous Optical NetworkSpanning Tree Protocol (STP)

A bridge-based system for providing fault tolerance on networks. STP works by allowing you to implement parallel paths for network traffic, and ensure that redundant paths are disabled when the main paths are operational and



enabled if the main paths fail. SPF Shortest path first algorithm. Routing algorithm that iterates on length

of path to determine a shortest-path spanning tree. Commonly used inlink-state routing algorithms. Sometimes called Dijkstra's algorithm. Seealso link state routing algorithm.

SPG Service Protocol GatewaySPID Service Profile IdentifierSPX Sequenced Packet Exchange, unter NetWare ein Ende-zu-Ende-Protokoll auf

Ebene 4 des OSI-ModellsSPX Secured Packet Exchange, auf IPX aufbauendes Protokoll für gesicherte

Netzwerkkommunikation.

SQL Structured Query Language, Abfrage- und Manipulations-Sprache für relationale Datenbanken.

SRP Spatial Reuse Protocol(spatial reuse = räumliche Mehrfachausnutzung)

SS7 Signaling System number 7SSAPI Spectro Server Application Program Interface (proprietäre Schnittstelle

innerhalb Spectrum)SSL Secure Socket Layer (Netscape) in Verbindung mit dem Tunneln von Daten

im Internetstack A group of network devices that are integrated to form a single logical device, standby port The port in a resilient link that takes over data transmission if the main port in

the link fails. Static route Route that is explicitly configured and entered into the routing table. Static

routes take precedence over routes chosen by dynamic routing protocols.STM-1 Synchronous Transport Module level 1STM-N Synchronous Transport Module level NSTP Software Testing ProgramSTP Shielded Twisted PairSTP Siehe Spanning Tree Protocol (STP). STS Synchronous Transport SignalStub network Network that has only a single connection to a router.S-UTP Screened Unshielded Twisted Pair

Verdrilltes Kupferkabel mit einem Schirmgeflecht, das die Gesamtheit aller Paare umschließt.

SVC Switched Virtual Connections, werden automatisch durch das Signalprotokoll gesetzt. Sie erfordern keinen manuellen Eingriff. Alle Protokolle der höheren Schichten, die über ATM arbeiten, benutzen SVCs.

SVR4.2 UNIX System V Release 4.2switch A device that interconnects several LANs to form a single logical LAN that

comprises of several LAN segments. Switches are similar to bridges, in that they connect LANs of a different type; however they connect more LANs than a bridge and are generally more sophisticated.

Switch Database A database that is stored by a switch to determine if a packet should be forwarded, and which port should forward the packet if it is to be forwarded.

sx Simplex, Datenübertragung in nur eine Richtung.T1 ISDN interface to primary rate access. Primary rate access consists of a

single 64-Kbps D channel plus 23 (T1) B channels for voice or data. Compare to BRI. See also E1, PRI, BISDN, ISDN, and N-ISDN.T1 - Digital WAN carrier facility. T1 transmits DS-1-formatted data at 1.544 Mbps through the telephone-switching network, using AMI or B8ZS coding. Compare with E1. See also AMI, B8ZS, and DS-1.

T3 T3 - Digital WAN carrier facility. T3 transmits DS-3-formatted data at 44.736 Mbps through the telephone switching network. Compare with E3. See also DS-3.

TA TA - Terminal adapter - Device used to connect ISDN BRI connections to existing interfaces such as EIA/TIA-232. Essentially, an ISDN modem.

TAPI Telephony Application Programming Interface (Telephony API)TB TerrabyteTCM Terminal Controller Module; Kommunikationsserver mit eigenem Speicher und

Prozessor



TCP Transmission Control ProtocolTCP/IP Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol. Die Protokollfamilie

ermöglicht die Kommunikation zwischen verschiedenen Rechnerwelten. Weit verbreitetes Transportprotokoll für Netzwerke, insbesondere das im Internet verwendete Protokoll. This is the name for two of the most well-known protocols developed for the interconnection of networks. Originally a UNIX standard, TCP/IP is now supported on almost all platforms, and is the protocol of the Internet. TCP relates to the content of the data travelling through a network – ensuring that the information sent arrives in one piece when it reaches its destination. IP relates to the address of the endstation to which data is being sent, as well as the address of the destination network.

TCPBEUI Einkapselung von NetBIOS-Kommunikation in TCP/IP (Dieser Kunstname wurde in Analogie zu NetBEUI gewählt).

TDMA Time Division Multiple AccessZeitmultiplex-Zugriffsverfahren

TDMC Time Division Multiplexed CircuitsTelnet Telnet Protocol: Ein Terminalemulations-Protokoll, das in TCP/IP

standardmäßig integriert ist. Es erlaubt einem Rechner, sich in einen anderen Remote-Rechner einzuloggen. A TCP/IP application protocol that provides a virtual terminal service, letting a user log into another computer system and access a device as if the user were connected directly to the device.

TES Terminal Emulation ServiceTFTP Trivial File Transfer Protocol. Allows you to transfer files (such as software

upgrades) from a remote device using the local management capabilities of the Switch.

TIC Token-Ring Interface Coupler Ticks The delay on a data link using IBM PC clock ticks (approximately 55

milliseconds).TIDB Technical Information DatabaseTIFF Tagged Image File FormatTLI Transport Layer InterfaceTLSP Transport Layer Security Protocol, Internet Draftstandard zum sicheren

Tunneln von Daten im Internet, an SSL von Netscape orientiertTOS-Feld Type Of Service-FeldTP4 OSI-verbindungsorientiertes Protokoll auf der Transportebene 4TQM Total Quality Management, Sicherungskonzept für die Bereitstellung

aufgabengerechter Software und wegen des geschäftskritischen Charakters auch ein Mittel zur Wettbewerbssicherung

traffic prioritization A system which allows data that has been assigned a high priority to be forwarded through a switch without being obstructed by other data. Ethernet Standard: IEEE 802.1P

Trailer Control information appended to data when encapsulating the data for network transmission. Compare with header.

Transcend The 3Com umbrella management system used to manage all of 3Com’s networking solutions.

TS Terminal StationEndstelle

TSA Technical Support AllianceTSO Time Sharing OptionTSPI TAPI Service Provider InterfaceTSR Terminate and Stay ResidentTTS Transaction Tracking SystemTxD Transmit DataUA User Agent, in X.400UAA Universally Administered Address. Eine in jedem Netzwerkadapter

eingebrannte, weltweit eindeutige Adapteradresse (12 Hexstellen = 6 Bytes).

UBR Unspecified Bit Rate (nicht spezifizierte Bitrate)UDP User Datagram Protocol, ist Bestandteil von TCP/IP, ARPA und NFS und

erlaubt das Versenden von Datagrammen auf Ebene 4.UMTS Universal Mobile Telecommunication System0000000000000



UNI User Network Interface, vom ATM-Forum festgelegte Schnittstellenspezifikation zwischen ATM-Endsystem und -Switch.

Unicast A packet sent to a single endstation on a network. UPS Uninterruptible Power SupplyURL Uniform Resource Locators

RFC 1738User mode Cisco Router: Typical tasks include those that check the router status. In this

mode, router configuration changes are not allowed.USL UNIX Systems Laboratories, Inc.USV Unterbrechungsfreie StromversorgungUTP Unshielded Twisted PairV.24 ITU-T standard for a physical layer interface between DTE and

DCE. V.24 is essentially the same as the EIA/TIA-232 standard. See alsoEIA/TIA-232.

V.35 ITU-T standard describing a synchronous, physical layer protocolused for communications between a network access device and a packetnetwork. V.35 is most commonly used in the United States and in Europe,and is recommended for speeds up to 48 Kbps.

V5.1 offene Schnittstelle (ohne Konzentration)V5.2 offene Schnittstelle (mit Konzentration)VADD Value-Added Disk Driver, zum Einbinden von Treibern für Festplatten und

Festplattencontrollern von Fremdherstellern für NetWare.VAP Value-Added ProcessVAR Value-Added ResellerVBR Variable Bit RateVC Virtual ChannelVCI Virtual Channel IdentifierVDSL Very high-speed Digital Subscriber Line

digitaler Teilnehmeranschluss mit sehr hoher BitrateVGA Video Graphics ArrayVHDSL Very High Bitrate Digital Subscriber LineVIAA Virtual ATM APIVLAN Virtual LAN: Standard nach IEEE 802.1Q: A group of location- and topology-

independent devices that communicate as if they are on the same physical LAN.

VLAN tagging A system that allows traffic for multiple VLANs to be carried on a single link. VLT Virtual LAN Trunk. A Switch-to-Switch link that carries traffic for all the VLANs

on each Switch. (3Com proprietär)VMS Virtual Memory System, DEC-BetriebssystemVMS/CMS Virtual Machine/Conversational Monitor SystemVP Virtual PathVPI Virtual Path IdentifierVPN Virtual Private NetworksVT Virtual Terminal, OSI-Applikation auf der Ebene 7, die eine remote Terminal-

Emulation unterstützt.VTAM Virtual Telecommunications Access Method, Software von IBM, die im SNA-

Netzwerk das Management der Kommunikationsverbindungen übernimmt.WAN Wide Area Network: WeitverkehrsnetzWBEM Web.Based Enterprise ManagementWNIM Wide Area Network Interface ModuleWORM Write once, read multipleWOSA Windows Open Services Architecture (Konzept zur Anpassung der

Diensteanbieter, Service Provider, an die Applikation)WYSIWYG What you see is what you getX.21 ITU-T standard for serial communications over synchronous digital

lines. The X.21 protocol is used primarily in Europe and Japan.

X11 Das X Window System (kurz X11 für die Version 11) ist eine am MIT entwickelte grafische Benutzeroberfläche für Unix-Systeme. Es verfügt über eine Client/Server-Architektur: X-Programme (die Clients) können über eine TCP/IP-Verbindung ihre Daten auf einem anderen Rechner (dem Server)



anzeigen.

X.25 X.25 - ITU-T standard that defines how connections between DTE and DCE are maintained for remote terminal access and computer communications in PDNs (Public Data Networks). X.25 specifies LAPB, a data link layer protocol, and PLP, a network layer protocol. Frame Relay has to some degree superseded X.25. See also Frame Relay, LAPB, and PLP.

XML Extended Mark-up LanguageXNS Xerox Network System, Transportprotokolle der Ebenen 3 und 4 alternativ zu

TCP/IP eingesetzt.XPG3 X/OPEN Portability Guide, Issue 3X-Window-Terminal grafikorientierte Terminals, die unter dem X-Window-Protokoll laufen


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