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![Page 1: A methodology to factor Industrial Risk into Land Use Planning Decisions: Case Study of Haldia, India Anandita Sengupta, Ph.D. Student Debanjan Bandyopadhyay,](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022070407/56649e445503460f94b38c44/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
A methodology to factor Industrial Risk into
Land Use Planning Decisions:
Case Study of Haldia, India
Anandita Sengupta, Ph.D. StudentDebanjan Bandyopadhyay, Ph. D. Student
![Page 2: A methodology to factor Industrial Risk into Land Use Planning Decisions: Case Study of Haldia, India Anandita Sengupta, Ph.D. Student Debanjan Bandyopadhyay,](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022070407/56649e445503460f94b38c44/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
What is an industrial hazard?
Oil tankers on fire at the IOC depot at Sitapura Industrial Area in Jaipur
• Toxic Release
• Fire
• Explosion
![Page 3: A methodology to factor Industrial Risk into Land Use Planning Decisions: Case Study of Haldia, India Anandita Sengupta, Ph.D. Student Debanjan Bandyopadhyay,](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022070407/56649e445503460f94b38c44/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
More than 150 industrial clusters in India have
concentration of MAH industries;
Industries in most of these clusters have come up in an
unplanned manner over time;
Such areas have also witnessed high growth of
population over time;
Resultantly, the levels of risk to population from a
potential accident from MAH industries is very high;
The Background
![Page 4: A methodology to factor Industrial Risk into Land Use Planning Decisions: Case Study of Haldia, India Anandita Sengupta, Ph.D. Student Debanjan Bandyopadhyay,](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022070407/56649e445503460f94b38c44/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
There are various ways to reduce risk to population in
such MAH clusters:
Increase in levels of safety within industries through
better management systems, technology and
training to employees;
Efficient response and mitigation actions to quickly
attain control of a potential accident scenario;
Adoption of preventive measures through effective
land use zoning / planning in the vicinity of the MAH
industries;
Risk Control / Prevention Measures
![Page 5: A methodology to factor Industrial Risk into Land Use Planning Decisions: Case Study of Haldia, India Anandita Sengupta, Ph.D. Student Debanjan Bandyopadhyay,](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022070407/56649e445503460f94b38c44/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
In India, implementation of Land Use Plans have been
weak in Urban / Industrial areas;
Land Use Planning in industrial areas does not factor
industrial risk;
No regulatory requirement to incorporate industrial risk
as a consideration for Land Use Planning;
Planners do not have access to risk information ;
No standard criteria for risk assessment which can be
translated into Land Use Planning criteria;
The Concerns
![Page 6: A methodology to factor Industrial Risk into Land Use Planning Decisions: Case Study of Haldia, India Anandita Sengupta, Ph.D. Student Debanjan Bandyopadhyay,](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022070407/56649e445503460f94b38c44/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
How close would you authorise building a school near the two
GPL spheres?
How close would you like to live
near the two LNG spheres?
Industrial risk and Land use planning
![Page 7: A methodology to factor Industrial Risk into Land Use Planning Decisions: Case Study of Haldia, India Anandita Sengupta, Ph.D. Student Debanjan Bandyopadhyay,](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022070407/56649e445503460f94b38c44/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
To relate industrial risk with Land Use planning: Selection of appropriate accident scenarios; Deciding on risk assessment methodology to be
employed; Deciding on hazard end-points and risk tolerability
criteria; Basis for delineation or restrictions around existing and
new installations;
??
Industrial risk and Land use planning (contd…)
![Page 8: A methodology to factor Industrial Risk into Land Use Planning Decisions: Case Study of Haldia, India Anandita Sengupta, Ph.D. Student Debanjan Bandyopadhyay,](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022070407/56649e445503460f94b38c44/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
• Haldia town has developed in a haphazard and unplanned manner;
• The land-use is mixed and varied comprising of agricultural land, residential areas, villages and slum clusters, industrial areas, forests and greenbelts, ponds, wetlands and rivers;
• Some typical land-use patterns :
– Planned residential– Industrial– Unplanned mix of residential,
agricultural and rural
Case study town: Haldia
![Page 9: A methodology to factor Industrial Risk into Land Use Planning Decisions: Case Study of Haldia, India Anandita Sengupta, Ph.D. Student Debanjan Bandyopadhyay,](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022070407/56649e445503460f94b38c44/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
Changes in Landuse
Industrial development
1960s – rural landuse1970s – Port, IOC
![Page 10: A methodology to factor Industrial Risk into Land Use Planning Decisions: Case Study of Haldia, India Anandita Sengupta, Ph.D. Student Debanjan Bandyopadhyay,](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022070407/56649e445503460f94b38c44/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
Changes in Landuse
Industrial development
1980 & 90s – HPL, Exide, MCC PTA, IBP, HPCL, BPCL
![Page 11: A methodology to factor Industrial Risk into Land Use Planning Decisions: Case Study of Haldia, India Anandita Sengupta, Ph.D. Student Debanjan Bandyopadhyay,](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022070407/56649e445503460f94b38c44/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
Changes in Landuse
Industrial development
2000s and upcoming – IOC Petronas, Sanjana Cryogenics, Reliance, TATA Power, CESC, IOC refinery, Adani Wilmur, etc.
![Page 12: A methodology to factor Industrial Risk into Land Use Planning Decisions: Case Study of Haldia, India Anandita Sengupta, Ph.D. Student Debanjan Bandyopadhyay,](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022070407/56649e445503460f94b38c44/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
1976
1981
1991
Till 2006
Temporal changes in Population
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Objectives and Approach
To draw up a semi-quantitative methodology to
calculate an area measure of societal risk, taking
into account different potential accident scenarios
from a cluster of MAH industries.
Aggregate Area Specific Risk= Hazard Potential x
Damage Factor
− Methodology applied on 100 x 100 M grid for the
entire Haldia planning area
Versatile approach, with scope for setting
benchmarks at each step by policy /regulatory
bodies
![Page 14: A methodology to factor Industrial Risk into Land Use Planning Decisions: Case Study of Haldia, India Anandita Sengupta, Ph.D. Student Debanjan Bandyopadhyay,](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022070407/56649e445503460f94b38c44/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
Methodology
Step 1 : Calculation of Hazard Intensity
at individual grid points as a result of
industry specific hazard scenarios:
- Setting up of reference scenarios
based on Maximum Credible Loss
Potential for each industry
![Page 15: A methodology to factor Industrial Risk into Land Use Planning Decisions: Case Study of Haldia, India Anandita Sengupta, Ph.D. Student Debanjan Bandyopadhyay,](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022070407/56649e445503460f94b38c44/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
Methodology
Step 1 : Continued
Defining levels of concerns for hazard intensity
- Explosion : 8psi, 3.5 psi and 1 psi
- Fire : 10KW/m2 (potentially lethal within 60sec. of
exposure), 5KW/m2 (second degree burns within
60 sec.), 2KW/m2 (pain within 60 sec)
- Toxicity – IDLH, I/2 IDLH and 1/3 IDLH
Step 2 : Estimate likelihood of hazard scenario based
on historical accident analysis data (specifically Purple
Book) and rank into classes 1, 2 & 3
![Page 16: A methodology to factor Industrial Risk into Land Use Planning Decisions: Case Study of Haldia, India Anandita Sengupta, Ph.D. Student Debanjan Bandyopadhyay,](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022070407/56649e445503460f94b38c44/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
Levels of Concern & Footprint generation
Reference Scenario: Toxic gas release (Ammonia)
210 mg/m3
100 mg/m3
50 mg/m3
Threshold value used
![Page 17: A methodology to factor Industrial Risk into Land Use Planning Decisions: Case Study of Haldia, India Anandita Sengupta, Ph.D. Student Debanjan Bandyopadhyay,](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022070407/56649e445503460f94b38c44/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
Methodology (contd…)
Step 3 : Calculation of Hazard
Potential (HP) at grid points as : HP =
Hazard Intensity x Hazard Probability
Hazard potential stands for a measure
of likelihood of hazard that may be
caused at a point x,y because of a
particular accident
Step 4 : Hazard Potential at a grid
point summed up for multiple scenarios
as : HPs = ∑ HPi
Step 5 : Hazard Potential categorized
into category high, medium & low.
![Page 18: A methodology to factor Industrial Risk into Land Use Planning Decisions: Case Study of Haldia, India Anandita Sengupta, Ph.D. Student Debanjan Bandyopadhyay,](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022070407/56649e445503460f94b38c44/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)
Methodology
Step 6 : Calculation of Damage Factor
= pop density X quality of housing X
sensitivity
− pop density - calculated grid wise
based on decimetric interpolation
method
− quality of housing - predominant
nature of houses in grid - kutcha,
mixed, brick/concrete
− sensitivity - no. of sensitive
receptors present in grid
Aggregate Area Specific Risk= Hazard Potential X Damage Factor
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Thank you!