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Lesson #9 Jesus Revealed (9: 1–50) 1 Jesus Revealed
Transcript of 9. Jesus Revealed - Amazon Web Serviceslogosdocs.s3.amazonaws.com/third-edition/006-luke/00… ·...
Lesson	&
Jesus&Revealed&
(9:&1–50)&
1"Jesus"Revealed"
In#Lesson##7#we#saw#Luke#recast#Ma2hew’s#“Sermon#on#the#Mount,”#redirec<ng#it#from#Ma2hew’s#Jewish#audience#to#Luke’s#gen<le#audience,#and#in#doing#so#he#emphasized#the#universality#of#Jesus’#message.##Lesson##7#then#moved#on#to#a#series#of#healings,#and#amidst#these#healings,#John#the#Bap<st#ques<oned#Jesus’#ac<ons#and#iden<ty.#
In#Lesson##8#Jesus’#ac<vi<es#escalated:##women#joined#his#band#of#disciples;#parable#piled#on#parable;#Jesus#calmed#a#storm#on#the#Sea#of#Galilee;#he#cast#out#demons;#and#again,#he#raised#the#dead.##Each#movement#not#only#emphasized#the#inclusive#nature#of#Jesus’#message,#but#it#also#further#defined#Jesus’#iden<ty.#
2"Jesus"Revealed"
In#Lesson##9#Jesus#“scales”#his#ministry,#sending#out#his#inner#circle#of#twelve#to#teach#and#to#preach,#giving#them#power#and#authority#over#demons,#and#the#ability#to#heal.##Meanwhile,#Jesus#lands#on#Herod#An<pas’#radar,#causing#him#to#ask#who#Jesus#is,#and#we#learn—in#a#brief#men<on—that#Herod#had#beheaded#John#the#Bap<st.##John’s#murder—the#catalyst#in#Mark,#galvanizing#Jesus#and#driving#him#relentlessly#to#the#cross—has#only#passing#men<on#here#in#Luke.###
Although#Luke#draws#directly#from#Mark#for#his#source#material,#Luke#eliminates#the#drama#and#tension#we#witnessed#in#Mark,#and#we#see#a#decided#calm,#with#Jesus#in#full#control#of#events:##in#Luke,#Peter#doesn’t#object#to#Jesus’#announcement#of#his#impending#crucifixion;#Jesus#doesn’t#say#to#Peter,#“Get#behind#me#Satan”;#the#disciples#are#not#conflicted#and#confused.##Indeed,#aWer#the#stunning#revela<on#at#the#Transfigura<on#that#Jesus#is#the#Son#of#God#and#that#he#will#be#arrested,#tried#crucified,#buried#and#raised,#all#we#read#is#that#the#disciples#“did#not#understand#this#saying#.#.#.”#(9:#45).###
What#is#Luke#doing#here?#
3"Jesus"Revealed"
Chapter#9#begins#with#Jesus#sending#out#his#twelve#disciples:#
“He&summoned&the&twelve&and&gave&them&
power&and&authority&over&all&demons&and&to&
cure&diseases,&and&he&sent&them&to&proclaim&
the&kingdom&of&God&and&to&heal&[the#sick].&&He&said&to&them:&‘Take¬hing&for&the&journey,&
neither&walking&sKck,&nor&sack,&nor&food,&nor&
money,&and&let&no&one&take&a&second&tunic.&&
Whatever&house&you&enter,&stay&there&and&
leave&from&there.&&And&as&for&those&who&do¬&
welcome&you,&when&you&leave&that&town,&
shake&the&dust&from&your&feet&in&tesKmony&
against&them.’&&Then&they&set&out&and&went&
from&village&to&village&proclaiming&the&good&
news&and&curing&diseases&everywhere.”&
# # # # # #(9:#1c6)#
4"Jesus"Revealed"
“He&summoned&the&twelve&and&gave&them&
power&and&authority&over&all&demons&and&to&
cure&diseases,&and&he&sent&them&to&proclaim&
the&kingdom&of&God&and&to&heal&[the#sick].”#
Only#God#can#perform#miracles.##In#Daniel#7:#13c14,#the#“Ancient#of#Days”#gives#the#“son#of#man”#“dominion,&splendor,&and&kingship,”#and#in#St.#Peter’s#sermon#on#Pentecost,#reported#in#Acts#2:#22#he#says:##“Jesus&the&Nazorean&was&a&man&commended&to&you&by&
God&with&mighty&deeds,&wonders&and&signs,&
which&God&worked&through&him&in&your&
midst.”#
It#is#this#“power#and#authority”#given#to#Jesus#that#he#delegates#to#his#Apostles.#
5"Jesus"Revealed"
“He&said&to&them:&‘Take¬hing&for&the&
journey,&neither&walking&sKck,&nor&sack,&nor&
food,&nor&money,&and&let&no&one&take&a&
second&tunic.&&Whatever&house&you&enter,&
stay&there&and&leave&from&there.’”&
Jesus’#instruc<ons#stress#an#absolute#commitment#to#the#mission#and#to#a#profound#dependence#upon#God,#recalling#the#radical#simplicity#of#Jesus’#command#in#the#Sermon#on#the#Mount:##“Let&your&‘Yes’&mean&‘Yes,’&and&your&‘No’&mean&‘No.’&&
Anything&more&is&from&the&evil&one.”#
6"Jesus"Revealed"
“And&as&for&those&who&do¬&welcome&you,&
when&you&leave&that&town,&shake&the&dust&
from&your&feet&in&tesKmony&against&them.”&
Shaking#the#dust#from#one’s#feet#certainly#presents#a#vivid#metaphor#of#total#disassocia<on.##It#only#occurs#one#other#<me#in#Scripture,#when#the#Jews#of#Pisidian#An<och#reject#Paul#and#Barnabas:#
“The&Jews,&however,&incited&the&women&of&
prominence&who&were&worshipers&and&the&leading&
men&of&the&city,&sKrred&up&a&persecuKon&against&
Paul&and&Barnabas,&and&expelled&them&from&their&
territory.&&So&they&shook&the&dust&from&their&feet&in&
protest&against&them&and&went&to&Iconium.”#
# # # # # #(Acts#13:#50c51)#
7"Jesus"Revealed"
“Then&they&set&out&and&went&from&village&to&
village&proclaiming&the&good&news&and&curing&
diseases&everywhere.”&
As#our#1st#century#historian#Josephus#writes,#in#arranging#a#mee<ng#with#his#poli<cal#enemies:#
“If&you&seriously&desire&me&to&come&to&you,&
there&are&two&hundred&and&four&ciKes&and&
villages&in&Galilee.&&I&will&come&to&whichever&
of&these&you&may&select&.&.&..”&
The&Life&of&Flavius&Josephus,#[235]#
8"Jesus"Revealed"
When#Jesus#sends#out#his#twelve#on#their#mission#in#Galilee,#Herod#An<pas#takes#no<ce:#
“Herod&the&tetrarch&heard&about&all&that&was&
happening&and&he&was&greatly&perplexed&
because&some&were&saying,&‘John&has&been&
raised&from&the&dead’;&others&were&saying,&
‘Elijah&has&appeared’;&sKll&others,&‘One&of&the&
ancient&prophets&has&arisen.’&&&But&Herod&said,&
‘John&I&beheaded.&&Who&then&is&this&about&
whom&I&hear&such&things?’&&And&he&kept&trying&
to&see&him.”&
& & & & & #(9:#7c9)#
9"Jesus"Revealed"
This#is#the#first#instance#of#Herod’s#intense#interest#in#Jesus.##Here,#Herod#hears#about#Jesus,#and#his#curiosity#is#piqued;##in#Luke#13:#31c33#Herod#is#hun<ng#Jesus#in#order#to#kill#him;#and#in#Luke#23:#8c12#Jesus#finally#appears#before#Herod:#
“Herod&was&very&glad&to&see&Jesus;&he&had&
been&wanKng&to&see&him&for&a&long&Kme,&for&
he&had&heard&about&him&and&had&been&hoping&
to&see&him&perform&some&sign.&&He&quesKoned&
him&at&length,&but&he&gave&no&answer.&&The&
chief&priests&and&scribes,&meanwhile,&stood&by&
accusing&him&harshly.&&[Even]#Herod&and&his&soldiers&treated&him&contemptuously&and&
mocked&him,&and&a_er&clothing&him&in&
resplendent&garb,&he&sent&him&back&to&Pilate.”&
10"Jesus"Revealed"
Luke#weaves#the#rela<onship#between#Jesus#and#Herod#with#masterful#subtly,#a#thin#but#shimmering,#gossamer#thread#in#the#fabric#of#his#gospel:#
• In#9:#7c9#Luke#tells#us#that#Herod#had#murdered#John#the#Bap<st,#and#that#he#has#now#turned#his#a2en<on#to#Jesus;#
• When#Jesus#is#told#in#13:#31c33#to#“go&away,&leave&this&area&because&Herod&wants&to&kill&you,”#Jesus#replies#“Go&and&tell&that&fox&.&.&..”##Jesus#speaks#Aramaic,#of#course,#but#Luke’s#Greek#renders#“fox”#as#ajlwpeki#[alcOcpaki],#a#feminine,#singular#noun#(in#the#da<ve)—perhaps#be2er#translated#as#“vixen,”#a#scathing#insult.#
• And#when#Jesus#finally#appears#before#Herod#in#23:#8c12,#Jesus#refuses#even#to#speak#to#him.###Herod#is#the#only#person#in#Scripture#to#whom#Jesus#has#absolutely#nothing#to#say.##
11"Jesus"Revealed"
Recall#that#there#are#four#“Herods”#in#Scripture:#1. Herod#the#Great#(37#c#4#B.C.)#
King#during#the#birth#of#Jesus;#slaughters#the#Innocents#of#Bethlehem#(Ma2hew#2:#1c19)#
2. Herod#An<pas#(4#B.C.#–#A.D.#39)#Murders#John#the#Bap<st#(Luke#9:#9)#Pilate#sends#Jesus#to#him#(Luke#23:#7c12)#
3. Herod#Agrippa#1#(A.D.#37#–#44)#Executes#James;#imprisons#Peter;#he#is#“eaten#by#
worms”#and#dies#(Acts#12:#1c24)#
4. Herod#Agrippa#2#(A.D.#50#–#93)#Paul#makes#a#legal#defense#before#him#(Acts#25:#13#
–#26:#32)#
12"Jesus"Revealed"
Our#historian#Josephus#writes#in#his#Jewish&AnKquiKes:#
“Many&people&came&in&crowds&to&him&[John#the#Bap<st],&for&they&were&greatly&moved&by&
his&words.&&Herod,&who&feared&that&the&great&
influence&John&had&over&the&masses&might&put&
them&into&his&power&and&enable&him&to&raise&
a&rebellion&.&.&.&thought&it&best&to&put&him&to&
death&.&.&..&&Accordingly,&John&was&sent&as&a&
prisoner,&out&of&Herod’s&suspicious&temper,&to&
Machaerus&.&.&.&and&was&put&to&death.&
# # # # # #(18.#109)#
13"Jesus"Revealed"
Herod#the#Great#(37#–#4#B.C.)#built#three#major#fortresses#to#safeguard#his#territories#and#to#serve#as#“safe#houses”#for#himself:#
1. Herodium#2. Masada#3. Machaerus#
14"Jesus"Revealed"
Herodium#!#
Masada#!#
! Machaerus#
15"Jesus"Revealed"
Tel#of#Machaerus,#located#in#Jordan,#15#miles#southeast#of#the#Jordan#River,#
as#it#emp<es#into#the#Dead#Sea.###
Archaeological#excava<ons#on#the#top#of#Machaerus.#
16"Jesus"Revealed"
Caravaggio,#The&Beheading&of&St.&John&the&BapKst&(oil#on#canvas),#1608.#St.#John’s#CocCathedral#(Altarpiece#in#the#Oratory),#Valle2a,#Malta.#
17"Jesus"Revealed"
Caravaggio,#Salome&with&the&Head&of&John&the&BapKst&&
(oil#on#canvas),#c.#1607c1610.#Na<onal#Gallery,#London.#
18"Jesus"Revealed"
As&a&sidebar,#John#the#Bap<st’s#purported#head#is#enshrined#as#a#relic#in#Rome#at##
San#Silvestro#in#Capite!#
Yikes!#
19"Jesus"Revealed"
And#John’s#right#arm#is#displayed#at#the#Topkapi#Palace#Museum,#Istanbul,#Turkey.#
RIP#=#“Rest#in#Pieces!”##
20"Jesus"Revealed"
Not#me.##
###We#all#know#the#story#of#John#the#Bap<st#being#beheaded.##It’s#an#intense#scene#in#Mark,#the#
subject#of#countless#pain<ngs#and#of#Richard#Strauss’s#opera,#Salome.##But#why#is#it#only#men<oned#briefly#in#Luke?"
That#is#strange!#
21"Jesus"Revealed"
Indeed,#in#the#Gospel&according&to&Mark,#Herod#killing#John#the#Bap<st#marks#a#turning#point#for#Jesus;#it#is#the#catalyst#that#drives#Jesus#inexorably#forward#to#his#crucifixion#in#Jerusalem.#
Although#Luke#uses#Mark#as#his#primary#source,#Luke’s#purpose#and#narra<ve#strategy#differ#en<rely#from#Mark’s.##Mark#very#deliberately#creates#enormous#tension#as#his#narra<ve#builds#to#a#stunning#climax:##Mark’s#gospel#is#an#urgent#“call#to#ac<on”#addressed#to#a#persecuted#church#in#Rome,#a#call#to#take#a#stand#for#the#gospel,#even#if#it#means#suffering#and#death.###
22"Jesus"Revealed"
Luke#presents#a#more#measured#message,#as#he#tells#us#in#his#prologue#to#Theophilus:#
“In&as&much&as&many&have&undertaken&to&
draw&up&an&account&of&the&things&that&have&
been&fulfilled&among&us,&just&as&they&were&
handed&down&to&us&by&those&who&from&the&
first&were&eyewitnesses&and&servants&of&the&
word,&it&seemed&good&to&me&also,&having&
carefully&invesKgated&everything&from&the&
beginning,&to&write&an&orderly&account&for&
you,&most&excellent&Theophilus,&so&that&you&
may&know&the&certainty&of&the&things&you&
have&been&taught.”#
# # # #(Luke#1:1c4,#my#transla<on)#
23"Jesus"Revealed"
There#is#no#drama#here;#rather,#Luke#presents#a#carefullycresearched,#me<culously#ordered#account#addressed#by#a#gen<le#(Luke)#to#a#gen<le#audience#(Theophilus),#presen<ng#the#gospel#as#a#universal#call#to#extremely#high#moral#and#ethical#standards,#proclaimed#and#validated#by#Jesus#Christ,#the#Son#of#God.#
In#Luke,#order#and#control#are#paramount,#with#each#element#of#Luke’s#gospel#(along#with#his#Acts&of&the&Apostles)#me<culously#woven#into#a#balanced#thema<c#and#composi<onal#whole.#
In#one#sense,#Luke’s#gospel#demonstrates#the#planning,#control#and#discipline#of#a#Bach#fugue#from#The&WellcTempered&Clavier,#while#Mark’s#gospel#offers#the#wild#ride#of#Berlioz’s#Symphonie&FantasKque.#
24"Jesus"Revealed"
Not#me.##
Wow!##That’s#quite#the#difference#between#Mark#and#Luke.##If#we#understand#Mark#to#
be#Luke’s#source,#Luke’s#“reshaping”#of#Mark’s#material#for#his#own#purpose#is#very#
deliberate#and#quite#well#done."
I#bet#we’ll#see#it#again!#
25"Jesus"Revealed"
We#sure#will!##As#we#con<nue#with#Luke’s#gospel,#we#move#from#Herod#wondering#who#Jesus#is#to#Luke#presen<ng#a#set#of#defini<ve#answers#with#their#inevitable#consequences.###
Once#again,#Luke#takes#his#material#directly#from#Mark,#forming#and#shaping#it#for#his#own#purpose.##In#Mark,#Jesus#has#been#told#that#Herod#has#murdered#John,#and#the#twelve#return#from#their#mission,#eager#to#tell#Jesus#the#results.##Needing#private#<me#to#confer#with#God#and#to#come#to#terms#with#John’s#murder,#Jesus#takes#the#twelve#across#the#Sea#of#Galilee#to#the#“other#side,”#but#he#is#met#by#a#crowd#of#5,000#who#had#seen#him#leave,#so#he#teaches#them#and#feeds#them.##AWerward#he#goes#into#the#hills#to#pray,#dismissing#his#disciples#and#sending#them#back#across#the#lake#to#Capernaum.###
26"Jesus"Revealed"
Sea#of#Galilee#(Google#Earth)#
Capernaum#!#
The#“other#side”#
Jesus#&#Disciples#!#
"#Crowds#
27"Jesus"Revealed"
Eric#Feather,#Christ&Feeding&5,000&(mixed#media),#2012.#Reproduced#by#permission.##See#the#ar<st’s#excellent#work#at:##ericfeather.com.##
28"Jesus"Revealed"
Sea#of#Galilee#(Google#Earth)#
Capernaum#!#
The#“other#side”#
"#Jesus#&#Disciples#Migdal#!#Gennesaret#!#
Tiberias#!#
29"Jesus"Revealed"
Amédée#Varin,#Christ&Walking&on&the&Sea&(etching#and#engraving),#1866.#Bri<sh#Museum,#London.#
30"Jesus"Revealed"
Once#back#home,#Jesus#encounters#increasing#opposi<on,#and#he#leaves,#seething#with#anger,#heading#north#to#Tyre#and#Sidon#where#he#encounters#the#Syrophoenician#woman—a#gen<le—and#tells#her#that#“it&is¬&right&to&take&the&food&of&the&children&and&throw&
it&to&the&dogs”—a#scathing#insul2o#the#woman#(Mark#7:#24c30).#
Coming#back#home#through#the#Decapolis#ci<es#(on#the#east#side#of#the#Sea#of#Galilee),#Jesus#feeds#the#4,000,#gathers#his#disciples#and#heads#for#Caesarea#Philippi,#where#we#have#Peter’s#confession#of#faith#and#the#Transfigura<on,#ending#with#Jesus#healing#the#boy#with#a#demon.#
31"Jesus"Revealed"
Luke#performs#major#surgery#on#this#sequence#from#Mark,#focusing#not#on#the#dynamics#of#Jesus’#ac<ons#and#the#conflic<ng#emo<ons#roiling#within#him,#but#on#establishing#Jesus’#iden<ty,#answering#the#ques<on#posed#by#Herod:##“Who&then&
is&this&about&whom&I&hear&such&things?”&
In#Luke#the#twelve#return#and#Jesus#takes#them#to#Bethsaida,#where#he#feeds#the#5,000#(not#across#the#Sea#of#Galilee#to#the#“other#side”).##Luke#omits#in#this#sequence#Jesus’#night#on#the#mountain#and#his#walking#on#the#water.##Rather,#we#move#immediately#to#Peter’s#confession#of#faith,#a#discussion#of#the#cost#of#discipleship,#and#the#Transfigura<on,#valida<ng#Peter’s#iden<fica<on#of#Jesus#“the#Messiah#of#God.”##
32"Jesus"Revealed"
Not#me.##
We#know#from#our#studies#of#Ma2hew#and#Mark,#that#Jesus#takes#his#disciples#north#to#
Caesarea#Philippi#where#Peter’s#confession#of#faith#takes#place,#and#then#he#leads#them#further#north#to#Mt.#Hermon#for#the#
Transfigura<on."
I’d#like#to#go#on#that#walk!#
33"Jesus"Revealed"
34"Jesus"Revealed"
Ok,#here#we#go!#
Caesarea#Philippi#!#(30#miles#north#of#Capernaum)#
Capernaum#!#
35"Jesus"Revealed"
Caesarea#Philippi&• The#pagan#Greek#city#of#Panias#dated#back#to#the#2nd#century#B.C.##
• Panias#was#renovated#by#Herod#the#Great’s#son#Phillip#II#in#A.D.#14,#and#he#renamed#the#city#Caesarea#Philippi#in#honor#of#Caesar#Augustus.###
36"Jesus"Revealed"
Caesarea#Philippi&• In#Greek#<mes#Panias#was#the#center#of#worship#for#the#god,#Pan,#the#god#of#the#fields,#groves#and#wooded#glens.##Consequently,#Pan#was#associated#with#spring<me#and#fer<lity.#
• The#English#words#“panic”#and#“pandemonium”#derive#from#his#name.#
• With#the#hindquarters,#legs#and#horns#of#a#goat#and#the#upper#body#of#a#man,#Pan#is#famous#for#his#sexual#prowess,#oWen#appearing#with#a#huge&phallus.#
• Pan#is#the#original#“party#animal!”#
37"Jesus"Revealed"
William#Bouguereau.##Nymphs&and&Satyr&[Pan]#(oil#on#canvas),#1873.#Clark#Art#Ins<tute,#Williamstown,#Massachuse2s.#
38"Jesus"Revealed"
Trail#to#the#cave#and#the#“Temple#of#Pan”#at#Caesarea#Philippi.#
Photography&by&Ana&Maria&Vargas&
39"Jesus"Revealed"
Caesarea#Philippi#and#the#Banias#River,#flowing#out#from#beneath#the#cave.#In#Jesus’#day#it#gushed#out#of#the#cave#itself.#
Photography&by&Ana&Maria&Vargas&
40"Jesus"Revealed"
Archaeological#remains#of#the#“Temple#of#Pan”#Photography&by&Ana&Maria&Vargas&
41"Jesus"Revealed"
More#archaeological#remains#of#the#“Temple#of#Pan”#Photography&by&Ana&Maria&Vargas&
42"Jesus"Revealed"
At#Caesarea#Philippi#Jesus#asks#his#disciples#“Who#do#people#say#that#I#am?”#in&direct&contrast#to#what#they#see#before#them:##the#pagan#gods#of#the#GrecocRoman#world.#
43"Jesus"Revealed"
(30#miles#north#of#Capernaum)#
Mt.#Hermon#!#9,232#W.#
Mt.#Tabor#!#1,880#W.##
Capernaum#!#
Caesarea#Philippi#!#1,150#W.#
44"Jesus"Revealed"
Mt.#Tabor#
Mt.#Hermon#on#the#Israel/Lebanon#border,#43#miles#north#of#the#Sea#of#Galilee.##The#mountain#range#stretches#50#miles!#
Photography&by&Ana&Maria&Vargas&
45"Jesus"Revealed"
Giovanni#Bellini.##TransfiguraKon&of&Christ&(oil#on#wood),#1487c1495.#Museo#Nazionale#di#Capodimonte,#Naples.###
46"Jesus"Revealed"
Now,#watch#how#Luke#reshapes#this#sequence#from#Mark,#focusing#on#Jesus’#iden<ty#and#the#implica<ons#of#his#iden<ty#for#himself,#for#his#disciples#and#for#us.#
Read#Luke#9:#10c50.#
47"Jesus"Revealed"
As#we#move#through#Luke#9#we#see#Luke#once#again#taking#raw#material#from#Mark#and#reshaping#it#to#accomplish#his#purpose#of#giving#“an#orderly#account,”#presen<ng#the#gospel#message#for#a#gen<le#audience,#backed#by#the#power#and#authority#of#Jesus#Christ,#the#Son#of#God.##
48"Jesus"Revealed"
1. When#Jesus#sends#out#his#core#group#of#twelve#disciples,#what#does#he#expect#them#to#do?#
2. Why#do#you#think#Luke#omits#the#juicy#details#of#John’s#beheading#at#Herod’s#birthday#party,#the#back#story#of#Herod#arres<ng#John#for#insul<ng#Herod’s#wife,#Salome’s#“Dance#of#the#7#Veils,”#and#Herod’s#conflicted#emo<ons#at#Salome’s#request#for#John’s#head#on#a#silver#pla2er?#
3. How#do#we#know#that#Peter#answers#for#the#group,#and#not#just#himself,#when#Jesus#asks:##“Who#do#the#crowds#say#I#am?”#
4. What#are#the#consequences#of#Jesus’#iden<ty#for#himself?#
5. What#are#the#consequences#of#Jesus’#iden<ty#for#his#disciples#and#for#us?#
49"Jesus"Revealed"
Copyright#©#2015#by#William#C.#Creasy#
# All# rights# reserved.# No# part# of# this# course—audio,# video,#photography,# maps,# <melines# or# other# media—may# be#reproduced#or#transmi2ed#in#any#form#by#any#means,#electronic#or# mechanical,# including# photocopying,# recording# or# by# any#informa<on# storage# or# retrieval# devices# without# permission# in#wri<ng#or#a#licensing#agreement#from#the#copyright#holder.#
50"Jesus"Revealed"
